塔里木盆地寒武系—奥陶系层序格架中生储盖组合特征与勘探意义
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摘要
塔里木盆地在早古生代属于不同类型克拉通盆地沉积,构造运动和海平面升降是控制寒武系—奥陶系层序地层发育的主要因素。综合露头、岩心、测井以及地震资料,并结合井—震标定结果,在塔里木盆地寒武系—奥陶系识别出15个层序界面,将寒武系划分为6个层序、奥陶系划分为8个层序。根据层序地层发育特征,并考虑断层和不整合面在油气运聚成藏中的重要作用,将塔里木盆地寒武系—奥陶系层序格架中生储盖组合划分为连续型、间断型和复合型3大类8小类。现实的生储盖组合包括侧变式连续型和间断型,潜在的生储盖组合包括上生中储上盖连续型和复合型,值得探索的生储盖组合包括下生中储上盖连续型和封闭式连续型。
In Early Paleozoic,the Tarim Basin was a craton basin with diverse deposits,where tectonic movements and eustatic sea-level changes dominated the development of Cambrian and Ordovician sequence formations.Integrated with outcrop,core,well logging and seismic data,we identified 15 sequence interfaces in the Cambrian and Ordovician of the Tarim Basin and divided the Cambrian into 6 sequence formations and the Ordovician into 8 sequence formations.Based on characteristics of these sequence formations and in view of the importance of faults and unconformity interfaces in hydrocarbon migration and accumulation,petroleum systems of Cambrian and Ordovician sequence frameworks in the Tarim Basin were divided into three different types,the continuous,discontinuous and complex.In practice,the exploration of petroleum systems includes continuous or discontinuous source-reservoir-cap rock combinations with lateral changes and the exploration of potential source-reservoir-cap rock combinations encompasses also continuous or complex source-reservoir-cap rock combinations characterized by an upper source-middle reservoir-upper seal play.It is worth exploring continuous or enclosed-continuous source-reservoir-cap rock combinations characterized by a lower source-middle reservoir-upper seal play.
In Early Paleozoic,the Tarim Basin was a craton basin with diverse deposits,where tectonic movements and eustatic sea-level changes dominated the development of Cambrian and Ordovician sequence formations.Integrated with outcrop,core,well logging and seismic data,we identified 15 sequence interfaces in the Cambrian and Ordovician of the Tarim Basin and divided the Cambrian into 6 sequence formations and the Ordovician into 8 sequence formations.Based on characteristics of these sequence formations and in view of the importance of faults and unconformity interfaces in hydrocarbon migration and accumulation,petroleum systems of Cambrian and Ordovician sequence frameworks in the Tarim Basin were divided into three different types,the continuous,discontinuous and complex.In practice,the exploration of petroleum systems includes continuous or discontinuous source-reservoir-cap rock combinations with lateral changes and the exploration of potential source-reservoir-cap rock combinations encompasses also continuous or complex source-reservoir-cap rock combinations characterized by an upper source-middle reservoir-upper seal play.It is worth exploring continuous or enclosed-continuous source-reservoir-cap rock combinations characterized by a lower source-middle reservoir-upper seal play.
引文
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[12]苗忠英,陈践发,张晨,等.塔里木盆地轮南低凸起天然气分布规律与成藏期次[J].石油学报,2011,32(3):404-410.Miao Zhongying,Chen Jianfa,Zhang Chen,et al.Regularity ofdistribution and accumulation stages of natural gases in the Lun-nan lower uplift of the Tarim Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2011,32(3):404-410.
[13]李吉君,卢双舫,薛海涛,等.和田河气田天然气运聚效率及源区探讨[J].石油学报,2009,30(3):347-353.Li Jijun,Lu Shuangfang,Xue Haitao,et al.A study on the migra-tion and accumulation efficiency and the source area of naturalgas in Hetianhe Gas Field of Tarim Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sini-ca,2009,30(3):347-353.
[14]杨海军,邬光辉,韩剑发,等.塔里木盆地中央隆起带奥陶系碳酸盐岩台缘带油气富集特征[J].石油学报,2007,28(4):26-30.Yang Haijun,Wu Guanghui,Han Jianfa,et al.Characteristics ofhydrocarbon enrichment along the Ordovician carbonate platformmargin in the central uplift of Tarim Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sini-ca,2007,28(4):26-30.
[15]赵宗举,周新源,郑兴平,等.塔里木盆地主力烃源岩的诸多证据[J].石油学报,2005,26(3):10-15.Zhao Zongju,Zhou Xinyuan,Zheng Xingping,et al.Evidences ofchief source rock in Tarim Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2005,26(3):10-15.
[16]赵宗举,吴兴宁,潘文庆,等.塔里木盆地奥陶纪层序岩相古地理[J].沉积学报,2009,27(05):939-955.Zhao Zongju,Wu Xingning,Pan Wenqing,et al.Sequence lithofa-cies paleogeography of Ordovician in Tarim Basin[J].Acta Sedi-mentologica Sinica,2009,27(5):939-955.
[17]赵宗举,张运波,吴兴宁,等.塔里木盆地寒武纪层序岩相古地理[J].石油学报,2011,32(6):937-948.Zhao Zongju,Zhang Yunbo,Wu Xingning,et al.Sequence litho-facies paleogeography of Cambrian in Tarim Basin[J].Acta Pe-trolei Sinica,2011,32(6):937-948.
[18]孔金平,刘效曾.塔里木盆地塔中地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层空隙研究[J].矿物岩石,1998,18(3):25-33.Kong Jinping,Liu Xiaozheng.A study on the void in Ordoviciancarbonate reservoir,Tazhong area,Tarim Basin[J].Journal ofMineralogy and Petrology,1998,18(3):25-33.
[19]张现军,朱长见,师骏,等.塔里木盆地和田河气田及其周缘地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩储集层特征探讨[J].天然气地球科学,2008,19(1):120-125.Zhang Xianjun,Zhu Changjian,Shi Jun,et al.Characteristics of Or-dovician carbonate reservoirs in Hetian River Gasfield and its adja-cent areas[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2008,19(1):120-125.
[2]贾承造,魏国齐.“九五”期间塔里木盆地构造研究成果概述[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(1):11-14.Jia Chengzao,Wei Guoqi.The summary of the achievements onthe tectonic researches in Tarim Basin during the period of 9thFive-Year Plan[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2003,30(1):11-14.
[3]赵宗举,潘文庆,张丽娟,等.塔里木盆地奥陶系层序地层格架[J].大地构造与成矿学,2009,33(1):175-188.Zhao Zongju,Pan Wenqing,Zhang Lijuan,et al.Sequence stra-tigraphy in the Ordovician in the Tarim Basin[J].Geotectonica etMetallogenia,2009,33(1):175-188.
[4]赵宗举,张运波,潘懋,等.塔里木盆地寒武系层序地层格架[J].地质论评,2010,56(5):609-620.Zhao Zongju,Zhang Yunbo,Pan Mao,et al.Cambrian sequencestratigraphic framework in Tarim Basin[J].Geological Review,2010,56(5):609-620.
[5]翟光明,何文渊.塔里木盆地石油勘探实现突破的重要方向[J].石油学报,2004,25(1):1-7.Zhai Guangming,He Wenyuan.An important petroleum explorationregion in Tarim Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2004,25(1):1-7.
[6]邬光辉,李启明,肖中尧,等.塔里木盆地古隆起演化特征及油气勘探[J].大地构造与成矿学,2009,33(1):124-130.Wu Guanghui,Li Qiming,Xiao Zhongyao,et al.The evolutioncharacteristics of palaeo-uplifts in Tarim basin and its exp lora-tion derections for oil and gas[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2009,33(1):124-130.
[7]蔡希源.塔里木盆地台盆区油气成藏条件与勘探方向[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(5):591-597.Cai Xiyuan.Reservoiring conditions and exploration targets inTarin Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2005,26(5):591-597.
[8]高春文,罗群.生储盖组合划分新方案[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(6):29-31.Gao Chunwen,Luo Qun.A new plan for dividing source-reser-voir-cap rock assemblage and its exploration meanings[J].Pe-troleum Exploration and Development,2002,29(6):29-31.
[9]庞雄奇,周新源,李卓,等.塔里木盆地塔中古隆起控油气模式与有利区预测[J].石油学报,2011,32(2):189-198.Pang Xiongqi,Zhou Xinyuan,Li Zhuo,et al.A model for control-ling hydrocarbon and predicting favorable exploration zone of theTazhong palaeouplift in Tarim Basin,NW China[J].Acta Petro-lei Sinica,2011,32(2):189-198.
[10]梁狄刚.塔里木盆地轮南—塔河奥陶系油田发现史的回顾与展望[J].石油学报,2008,29(1):153-158.Liang Digang.Review and expectation on the discovery of Ordo-vician Lunnan-Tahe Oilfield,Tarim Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sini-ca,2008,29(1):153-158.
[11]崔海峰,郑多明,滕团余.塔北隆起哈拉哈塘凹陷石油地质特征与油气勘探方向[J].岩性油气藏,2009,21(2):54-58.Cui Haifeng,Zheng Duoming,Teng Tuanyu.Petroleum geologiccharacteristics and exploration orientation in Halahatang Depres-sion of Tabei uplift[J].Lithologic Reservoirs 2009,21(2):54-58.
[12]苗忠英,陈践发,张晨,等.塔里木盆地轮南低凸起天然气分布规律与成藏期次[J].石油学报,2011,32(3):404-410.Miao Zhongying,Chen Jianfa,Zhang Chen,et al.Regularity ofdistribution and accumulation stages of natural gases in the Lun-nan lower uplift of the Tarim Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2011,32(3):404-410.
[13]李吉君,卢双舫,薛海涛,等.和田河气田天然气运聚效率及源区探讨[J].石油学报,2009,30(3):347-353.Li Jijun,Lu Shuangfang,Xue Haitao,et al.A study on the migra-tion and accumulation efficiency and the source area of naturalgas in Hetianhe Gas Field of Tarim Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sini-ca,2009,30(3):347-353.
[14]杨海军,邬光辉,韩剑发,等.塔里木盆地中央隆起带奥陶系碳酸盐岩台缘带油气富集特征[J].石油学报,2007,28(4):26-30.Yang Haijun,Wu Guanghui,Han Jianfa,et al.Characteristics ofhydrocarbon enrichment along the Ordovician carbonate platformmargin in the central uplift of Tarim Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sini-ca,2007,28(4):26-30.
[15]赵宗举,周新源,郑兴平,等.塔里木盆地主力烃源岩的诸多证据[J].石油学报,2005,26(3):10-15.Zhao Zongju,Zhou Xinyuan,Zheng Xingping,et al.Evidences ofchief source rock in Tarim Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2005,26(3):10-15.
[16]赵宗举,吴兴宁,潘文庆,等.塔里木盆地奥陶纪层序岩相古地理[J].沉积学报,2009,27(05):939-955.Zhao Zongju,Wu Xingning,Pan Wenqing,et al.Sequence lithofa-cies paleogeography of Ordovician in Tarim Basin[J].Acta Sedi-mentologica Sinica,2009,27(5):939-955.
[17]赵宗举,张运波,吴兴宁,等.塔里木盆地寒武纪层序岩相古地理[J].石油学报,2011,32(6):937-948.Zhao Zongju,Zhang Yunbo,Wu Xingning,et al.Sequence litho-facies paleogeography of Cambrian in Tarim Basin[J].Acta Pe-trolei Sinica,2011,32(6):937-948.
[18]孔金平,刘效曾.塔里木盆地塔中地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层空隙研究[J].矿物岩石,1998,18(3):25-33.Kong Jinping,Liu Xiaozheng.A study on the void in Ordoviciancarbonate reservoir,Tazhong area,Tarim Basin[J].Journal ofMineralogy and Petrology,1998,18(3):25-33.
[19]张现军,朱长见,师骏,等.塔里木盆地和田河气田及其周缘地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩储集层特征探讨[J].天然气地球科学,2008,19(1):120-125.Zhang Xianjun,Zhu Changjian,Shi Jun,et al.Characteristics of Or-dovician carbonate reservoirs in Hetian River Gasfield and its adja-cent areas[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2008,19(1):120-125.
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