盆地基底岩性的综合地球物理预测方法——以松辽盆地滨北地区基底岩性预测为例
|
摘要
预测盆地基岩岩性不仅合于研究盆地的深部地质结构及盆地的形成演化具有重要的意义,而且也对基岩风化壳油气藏的勘探具有一定的指导作用.本文通过对盆地重、磁异常成因的综合分析,提出了一系列盆地基底岩性综合预测研究的综合地球物理资料处理解释方法技术.指出在地震构造界面的约束下采用重力剥皮技术可以较为可靠地获取基底岩性重力异常并分析了界面密度差对剥皮后基底岩性重力异常的影响,给出了等效密度差的求取方法.分析了基底起伏对基岩岩性磁异常的影响,指出采用"平化曲"将磁异常归化到与基底同一高度,可以有效地提高对基底岩性体的刻画能力.通过综合分析认为:应用基底的相对视密度、相对视磁化率及两者的相关系数可以有效地刻画基底岩性的特征.神经网络是基底岩性判别与分类的有效方法技术.通过对松辽盆地北部滨北地区的基底岩性的综合预测显示了本文系列预测基底岩性方法的有效性,预测结果反映了松辽盆地基底岩性的分布特征.该系列方法技术可为其他盆地的基底地质填图提供了可借鉴的综合预测方法技术.
Estimating the basement lithology of basin not only is significant for investigating deep geological structure and evolution of basin,but also has instructive role to exploration of the matrix weathering crust reservoir.On the basis of comprehensively analyzing the cause of gravity and magnetic anomalies of basin,in this paper a series of processing and interpretation methods and techniques of integrated geophysical data for estimating the basement lithology were introduced.The formation-separating technique constrained by the seismic structural interface with gravity data can acquire the gravity anomalies caused by basement lithology,which is affected by density difference between interfaces.The method for calculating equivalent-density difference is neatly presented.The plane-to-surface technique can normalize the magnetic anomalies generated by the basement lithology closely related to the relief of basement to the magnetic anomalies with the same height as the basement,which can effectively improve the capacity of characterizing the basement lithology body.Three parameters composed of apparent density and apparent susceptibility and correlation coefficient between them can effectively describe the characteristics of basement lithology.The neural network method can well discriminate and classify the basement lithology.These methods above presented are applied to comprehensively estimate the distribution characteristics of basement lithology of Benbei area in Songliao Basin,which proves that these methods are effective.This series of methods and techniques provide the referential experience for other basins in the basement geolog'ical mapping.
Estimating the basement lithology of basin not only is significant for investigating deep geological structure and evolution of basin,but also has instructive role to exploration of the matrix weathering crust reservoir.On the basis of comprehensively analyzing the cause of gravity and magnetic anomalies of basin,in this paper a series of processing and interpretation methods and techniques of integrated geophysical data for estimating the basement lithology were introduced.The formation-separating technique constrained by the seismic structural interface with gravity data can acquire the gravity anomalies caused by basement lithology,which is affected by density difference between interfaces.The method for calculating equivalent-density difference is neatly presented.The plane-to-surface technique can normalize the magnetic anomalies generated by the basement lithology closely related to the relief of basement to the magnetic anomalies with the same height as the basement,which can effectively improve the capacity of characterizing the basement lithology body.Three parameters composed of apparent density and apparent susceptibility and correlation coefficient between them can effectively describe the characteristics of basement lithology.The neural network method can well discriminate and classify the basement lithology.These methods above presented are applied to comprehensively estimate the distribution characteristics of basement lithology of Benbei area in Songliao Basin,which proves that these methods are effective.This series of methods and techniques provide the referential experience for other basins in the basement geolog'ical mapping.
引文
[1] 高德章,赵金海,薄玉玲等.东海重磁地震综合探测剖面研究.地球物理学报,2004,47(5) :853～861 Gao D Z,Zhao J H,Bo Y L,et al.A profile study of gravitive magnetic and seismic comprehensive survey in the East China Sea.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2004,47(5) :853～861
[2] 戴明刚.东海及邻域的两条剖面地球物理反演与综合解释.地球物理学进展,2004,19(2) :331～340 Dai M G.Inversion research for gravity and synthetical interpretation of two profiles in the area of East China Sea and its adjacency.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2004,19(2) :331～340
[3] 吴健生,王家林.利用区域磁异常研究东海陆架区基底构造.同济大学学报,1992,20(4) :451～458 Wu J S,Wang J L.The study on the basement structure with the regional magnetic anomalies in the East China Sea.Journal of Tongji University (in Chinese),1992,20(4) :451～458
[4] Zeng H L,Xu D S.Discussion on preferential continuation for potential-field anomaly enhancement.Geophysics,2001,32(2) :256～262
[5] 刘沈衡,吴燕岗,李永朴.利用欧拉算法反演磁性界面.石油物探,2000,39(2) :101～106 Liu S H,Wu Y G,Li Y P.Magnetic interface inversion by Euler algorithm.Geophysical Prospecting for Pertoleum (in Chinese),2000,39(2) :101～106
[6] 宋正范.航磁剖面数据的频谱分析与磁性界面深度的计算,航空物探论文集.北京:地质出版社,1997 Song Z F.Aeromagnetic profile data frequency analysis and magnetic basement depth calculation.Volume of Papers of Aerogeophysical Prespecting.Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1997
[7] Bhimasankakam V L S.Interpretation of gravity anomalies due to finite inclined dikes using Fourier transformation.Geophysics,1977,42:51～59
[8] Cianciara B,Marcar H.Znterpretation of gravity anomalies by means of local power spectra.Gcophys.Prospec.,1975,24:273～286
[9] 杨文采,施志群,侯遵泽等.离散小波变换与重力异常多重分解.地球物理学报,2001,44(4) :534～5411 Yang W C,Shi Z Q,Hou Z Z.Discrete wavelet transform for multiple decomposition of gravity anomalies.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2001,44(4) :534～541
[10] 李世雄,刘家琦.小波变换与反演数学基础.北京:地质出版社,1994 Li S X,Liu J Q.Wavelet Transform and Mathematics of Inversion (in Chinese).Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1994
[11] Bhattacharyya B K,Chan K C.Reduction of magnetic and gravity data on an arbitrary surface acquired in a region of high topographic relief.Geophysics,1977,42(7) :1411～1430
[12] 王璞珺,程日辉,王洪艳等.松辽盆地滨北地区油气勘探方向 探讨.石油勘探与开发,2006,33(4) :436～441 Wang P J,Cheng R H,Wang H Y,et al.Strategy of next step oil & gas exploration in the Northern Songliao Basin (NE China).Petroleum Exploration & Development (in Chinese),2006,33(4) :436～441
[13] 徐世浙.位场延拓的积分迭代法.地球物理学报,2006,49(4) :1176～1182 Xu S Z.The integral-iteration method for continuation of potential fields.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(4) :1176～1182
[14] 宁津生,汪海洪,罗志才.基于多尺度边缘约束的重力场信号的向下延拓.地球物理学报,2005,48(1) :63～68 Ning J S,Wang H H,Luo Z C.Downward continuation of gravity signals based on the multiscale edge constraint.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(1) :63～68
[15] 梁锦文.位场向下延拓的正则化方法.地球物理学报,1989,32(5) :600～608 Liang J W.Downward continuation of regularization methods for potential fields.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1989,2(5) :600～608
[16] 王兴涛,夏哲仁,石磐等.航空重力测量数据向下延拓方法比较.地球物理学报,2004,47(6) :1017～1022 Wang X T,Xia Z R,Shi P,et al.A comparison of different downward continuation methods for airborne gravity data.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2004,47(6) :1017～1022
[17] Xu S Z.The Boundary Element Method in Geophysics.Tulsa:Soc.Expl.Geophys.,2001
[18] Ning J S,Wang H H,Luo Z C.Downward continuation of gravity signals based on the multiscale edge constraint.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(1) :63～68
[19] Pawlowski R S.Preferential continuation for potential-field anomaly enhancement.Geophysics,1995,60(2) :390～398
[20] 眭素文,于长春,熊盛青.中高山区高精度航磁视磁化强度填图方法.地球物理学进展,2004,19(2) :357～362 Sui S W,Yu C C,Xiong S Q.Apparent magnetization mapping from high resolution aero magnetic data in the region of high topographic relief.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2004,19(2) :357～362
[21] 杨辉.重力、地震联合反演基岩密度及综合解释.石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(4) :496～502 Yang H.Basement density inversion using gravimetric and seismic data and the integrative interpretation.Oil Geophysical Prospecting (in Chinese),1998,33(4) :496～502
[22] Mark Pilkington.Magnetisation mapping in rugged terrain Exploration.Geophysics,1998,29:560～564
[23] Arkani-Hamed J,Strangway D W.Lateral,variation of apparent magnetic susceptibility of lithosphere deduced from magsatdata.Geophys,1985,90(B3) :2655～2664
[24] 徐世浙,曹洛华,姚敬金.重力异常三维反演-视密度成像方法技术的应用.物探与化探,2007,31(1) :25～28 Xu S Z,Cao L H,Yao J J.3D inversion of gravityanomaly:an application of the apparent density imagery technology.Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration (in Chinese),2007,31(1) :25～28
[25] 袁泉,胡玉才,孙永厚.基于BP神经网络的预测方法应用研究.农业系统科学与综合研究,1998,14(4) :261～263 Yuan Q,Hu Y C,Sun Y H.Application of forecasting method based on BP neural network.System Sciences and Comprehensive Studies in Agriculture (in Chinese),1998,14(4) :261～263
[26] 邱颖,孟庆武,李 梯.神经网络用于岩性及岩相预测的可行性分析.地球物理学进展,2001,16(3) :76～84 Qiu Y,Meng Q W,Li T.The feasibility analysis of neural network in the prediction of lithology and lithofacles.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2001,16(3) :76～83
[27] 张美根.非规则网带断层地震数据的网格化.地球物理学进展,1999,14(1) :69～76 Zhang M G.Gridding of irregular seismic data with faults.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),1999,14(1) :69～76
[2] 戴明刚.东海及邻域的两条剖面地球物理反演与综合解释.地球物理学进展,2004,19(2) :331～340 Dai M G.Inversion research for gravity and synthetical interpretation of two profiles in the area of East China Sea and its adjacency.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2004,19(2) :331～340
[3] 吴健生,王家林.利用区域磁异常研究东海陆架区基底构造.同济大学学报,1992,20(4) :451～458 Wu J S,Wang J L.The study on the basement structure with the regional magnetic anomalies in the East China Sea.Journal of Tongji University (in Chinese),1992,20(4) :451～458
[4] Zeng H L,Xu D S.Discussion on preferential continuation for potential-field anomaly enhancement.Geophysics,2001,32(2) :256～262
[5] 刘沈衡,吴燕岗,李永朴.利用欧拉算法反演磁性界面.石油物探,2000,39(2) :101～106 Liu S H,Wu Y G,Li Y P.Magnetic interface inversion by Euler algorithm.Geophysical Prospecting for Pertoleum (in Chinese),2000,39(2) :101～106
[6] 宋正范.航磁剖面数据的频谱分析与磁性界面深度的计算,航空物探论文集.北京:地质出版社,1997 Song Z F.Aeromagnetic profile data frequency analysis and magnetic basement depth calculation.Volume of Papers of Aerogeophysical Prespecting.Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1997
[7] Bhimasankakam V L S.Interpretation of gravity anomalies due to finite inclined dikes using Fourier transformation.Geophysics,1977,42:51～59
[8] Cianciara B,Marcar H.Znterpretation of gravity anomalies by means of local power spectra.Gcophys.Prospec.,1975,24:273～286
[9] 杨文采,施志群,侯遵泽等.离散小波变换与重力异常多重分解.地球物理学报,2001,44(4) :534～5411 Yang W C,Shi Z Q,Hou Z Z.Discrete wavelet transform for multiple decomposition of gravity anomalies.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2001,44(4) :534～541
[10] 李世雄,刘家琦.小波变换与反演数学基础.北京:地质出版社,1994 Li S X,Liu J Q.Wavelet Transform and Mathematics of Inversion (in Chinese).Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1994
[11] Bhattacharyya B K,Chan K C.Reduction of magnetic and gravity data on an arbitrary surface acquired in a region of high topographic relief.Geophysics,1977,42(7) :1411～1430
[12] 王璞珺,程日辉,王洪艳等.松辽盆地滨北地区油气勘探方向 探讨.石油勘探与开发,2006,33(4) :436～441 Wang P J,Cheng R H,Wang H Y,et al.Strategy of next step oil & gas exploration in the Northern Songliao Basin (NE China).Petroleum Exploration & Development (in Chinese),2006,33(4) :436～441
[13] 徐世浙.位场延拓的积分迭代法.地球物理学报,2006,49(4) :1176～1182 Xu S Z.The integral-iteration method for continuation of potential fields.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(4) :1176～1182
[14] 宁津生,汪海洪,罗志才.基于多尺度边缘约束的重力场信号的向下延拓.地球物理学报,2005,48(1) :63～68 Ning J S,Wang H H,Luo Z C.Downward continuation of gravity signals based on the multiscale edge constraint.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(1) :63～68
[15] 梁锦文.位场向下延拓的正则化方法.地球物理学报,1989,32(5) :600～608 Liang J W.Downward continuation of regularization methods for potential fields.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1989,2(5) :600～608
[16] 王兴涛,夏哲仁,石磐等.航空重力测量数据向下延拓方法比较.地球物理学报,2004,47(6) :1017～1022 Wang X T,Xia Z R,Shi P,et al.A comparison of different downward continuation methods for airborne gravity data.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2004,47(6) :1017～1022
[17] Xu S Z.The Boundary Element Method in Geophysics.Tulsa:Soc.Expl.Geophys.,2001
[18] Ning J S,Wang H H,Luo Z C.Downward continuation of gravity signals based on the multiscale edge constraint.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(1) :63～68
[19] Pawlowski R S.Preferential continuation for potential-field anomaly enhancement.Geophysics,1995,60(2) :390～398
[20] 眭素文,于长春,熊盛青.中高山区高精度航磁视磁化强度填图方法.地球物理学进展,2004,19(2) :357～362 Sui S W,Yu C C,Xiong S Q.Apparent magnetization mapping from high resolution aero magnetic data in the region of high topographic relief.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2004,19(2) :357～362
[21] 杨辉.重力、地震联合反演基岩密度及综合解释.石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(4) :496～502 Yang H.Basement density inversion using gravimetric and seismic data and the integrative interpretation.Oil Geophysical Prospecting (in Chinese),1998,33(4) :496～502
[22] Mark Pilkington.Magnetisation mapping in rugged terrain Exploration.Geophysics,1998,29:560～564
[23] Arkani-Hamed J,Strangway D W.Lateral,variation of apparent magnetic susceptibility of lithosphere deduced from magsatdata.Geophys,1985,90(B3) :2655～2664
[24] 徐世浙,曹洛华,姚敬金.重力异常三维反演-视密度成像方法技术的应用.物探与化探,2007,31(1) :25～28 Xu S Z,Cao L H,Yao J J.3D inversion of gravityanomaly:an application of the apparent density imagery technology.Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration (in Chinese),2007,31(1) :25～28
[25] 袁泉,胡玉才,孙永厚.基于BP神经网络的预测方法应用研究.农业系统科学与综合研究,1998,14(4) :261～263 Yuan Q,Hu Y C,Sun Y H.Application of forecasting method based on BP neural network.System Sciences and Comprehensive Studies in Agriculture (in Chinese),1998,14(4) :261～263
[26] 邱颖,孟庆武,李 梯.神经网络用于岩性及岩相预测的可行性分析.地球物理学进展,2001,16(3) :76～84 Qiu Y,Meng Q W,Li T.The feasibility analysis of neural network in the prediction of lithology and lithofacles.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2001,16(3) :76～83
[27] 张美根.非规则网带断层地震数据的网格化.地球物理学进展,1999,14(1) :69～76 Zhang M G.Gridding of irregular seismic data with faults.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),1999,14(1) :69～76
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心