渭北煤田合阳县北中深部控煤构造样式分析
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摘要
依据野外地表地质观测及地震、钻探最新的深部地质资料,结合对区域控煤构造认识,运用构造解析、构造应力场及地质力学分析等研究思路与方法,讨论了研究区控煤构造特征、构造样式以及成因。研究结果表明:研究区共有三类六种控煤构造样式,即挤压构造样式(宽缓褶皱、叠加褶皱)、走滑构造样式(反"S"型褶皱、"入"字型构造)及伸展构造样式(掀斜断块、堑垒构造),其中以伸展构造样式发育为主要特征;研究区由东南向西北,构造变形强度由强变弱,先后经历了印支期南北向挤压、燕山中期北西向挤压和喜马拉雅期北东向挤压-走滑与北西-南东向伸展断陷作用;晚期形成的正断层不仅破坏了煤层的连续性,而且成为奥灰水储集和运移的主要通道,增大了底板突水的可能性,使煤炭资源开发受到影响。
Based on surface geological investigation and latest deep part seismic,drilling data,combined with cognitions on regional coal-control structures,using study thoughts and methods in structural interpretation,tectonic stress field and geomechanic analyses,discussed study area coal-control structure characteristics,structure patterns and geneses.The results demonstrated that: totally 3 categories and 6 kinds of coal-control structure patterns have existed in the study area,namely compressional structure pattern(broad fold,superimposed fold),strike-slip structure pattern(inverse "S" shaped fold,"λ"shaped structure) and extensional structure pattern(tilted fault block,graben-horst structure),in which,the well developed extensional structure pattern as the main character.From southeast to northwest,tectonically deformed intensity in the study area is from strong to weak;and experienced Indosinian NS compression,middle Yanshanian NW compression and Himalayan NE compression,strike-slip and NW-SE extensional rift faulting successively.The later stage formed normal faults not only destructed the continuity of coal seams,but also proved to be main channels of Ordovician limestone water reservoiring and migrating,thus increasing floor water bursting possibility and impact coal resource exploitation.
Based on surface geological investigation and latest deep part seismic,drilling data,combined with cognitions on regional coal-control structures,using study thoughts and methods in structural interpretation,tectonic stress field and geomechanic analyses,discussed study area coal-control structure characteristics,structure patterns and geneses.The results demonstrated that: totally 3 categories and 6 kinds of coal-control structure patterns have existed in the study area,namely compressional structure pattern(broad fold,superimposed fold),strike-slip structure pattern(inverse "S" shaped fold,"λ"shaped structure) and extensional structure pattern(tilted fault block,graben-horst structure),in which,the well developed extensional structure pattern as the main character.From southeast to northwest,tectonically deformed intensity in the study area is from strong to weak;and experienced Indosinian NS compression,middle Yanshanian NW compression and Himalayan NE compression,strike-slip and NW-SE extensional rift faulting successively.The later stage formed normal faults not only destructed the continuity of coal seams,but also proved to be main channels of Ordovician limestone water reservoiring and migrating,thus increasing floor water bursting possibility and impact coal resource exploitation.
引文
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[2]黄立华,孙凡华.渭北煤田蒲白矿区聚煤期后地质构造的初步分析[J].煤田地质与勘探,1982,(1):13-18.
[3]张泓,白清昭,张笑薇,等.鄂尔多斯聚煤盆地形成与演化[M].西安:陕西科技出版社,1995,1-150.
[4]谭永杰.鄂尔多斯盆地南缘构造变形及其演化[D].北京:中国矿业大学,1992.
[5]王晓刚.渭北煤田构造压缩区与相对拉张区及其特征[J].西安矿业学院学报.1992,42(1):48-53.
[6]王晓刚.渭北煤田构造演化与控水作用[J].西安矿业学院学报.1993,48(3):228-234.
[7]张泓,何宗莲,晋香兰,等.鄂尔多斯盆地构造演化与成煤作用-1:500000鄂尔多斯盆地地质构造图简要说明[M].北京:地质出版社,2005.
[8]周正.鄂尔多斯南缘构造特征研究[D].西安:西北大学,2009.
[9]时建超.鄂尔多斯南缘中新生代构造特征与演化[D].西安:西北大学,2010.
[10]高飞.渭北地区中新生代构造特征及其演化和改造[D].西安:西北大学,2009.
[11]王辉,王少飞,潘春娟,等.陕西省合阳县北中深部勘查区煤炭普查地质报告[R].西安:中国煤炭地质总局航测遥感局,2011.
[12]曹代勇,李小明,占文锋,等.深部煤炭资源勘查模式及其构造控制[J].中国煤炭地质,2008,20(10).
[13]张国伟.秦岭造山带形成与演化[M].西安:西北大学出版社,1998:1-26.
[14]陈家弦.渭河盆地的形成和发展[M].北京:地质出版社,1981:51-59.
[15]国家地震局.鄂尔多斯周缘活动断裂体系[M].地震出版社,1981:120-165.
[16]徐煜坚,申屠炳明.渭河盆地北缘断裂带活动特征的初步研究[J].地震地质.1988,10(1):77-87.
[17]权新昌.渭河盆地断裂构造研究[J].中国煤田地质.2005,17(3):1-7.
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