渤海海域新生代断裂发育特征及形成机制
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摘要
断裂是渤海海域油气成藏的主控因素之一,利用地震剖面解释和构造编图成果,对渤海海域新生代断裂发育特征及形成机制进行了分析。渤海海域主要发育伸展断裂和走滑断裂,局部地区发育反转断裂。在平面上主要呈NE,NW和近EW向展布,其中NE向断裂多属于郯庐走滑断裂带的组成部分,在剖面上表现出花状构造特征。NW向断裂主要与张家口-蓬莱走滑断裂带有关,并与NE向断裂发生了相互剪切作用,共同构成了渤海地区新构造期的共轭剪切破裂系统。近EW向断裂可分为两类:大型近EW向断裂带多构成南部地区凸起和凹陷的分界断裂,经历了早期伸展和晚期走滑作用的叠加,在剖面上多表现为铲式主干正断层和浅层走滑分支断层相组合的似花状特征;浅层密集发育的小型近EW向断裂多是受郯庐断裂带走滑作用影响而形成的派生断裂。
Fault is one of the major factors that control hydrocarbon accumulation in the Bohai Sea waters.Based on seismic interpretation and structural mapping,this paper focuses on the characteristics and formation mechanisms of the Cenozoic faults in the Bohai Sea waters.In the study area,extensional and strike-slipping faults are the most predominant,and inverted faults are locally distributed.On plane view,most of the faults are of NE-,NW-or EW-trend,and the NE-trending faults mostly belong to the Tanlu strike-slip faut zone.While on sectional view,the faults occur as flower structures.The NW-trending faults are associated with the Zhangjiakou-Penglai strike-slip fault zone,and constitute a conjugate shear faults system with the NE-trending faults during the neotectonic stage.The near EW-trending faults can be classified into two types according to their scale.The large-scale EW-trending faults,acting as the boundary faults between the salient and trough in the southern part,experienced the early extensional and late strike-slipping movements.They exhibit quasi-flower structures composed of major listric faults and shallow branching strike-slipping faults on the section.The small-scale EW-trending faults are densely developed in the shallow strata,and they are mostly derivative faults resulted from the strike-slipping movement of the Tanlu fault zone.
Fault is one of the major factors that control hydrocarbon accumulation in the Bohai Sea waters.Based on seismic interpretation and structural mapping,this paper focuses on the characteristics and formation mechanisms of the Cenozoic faults in the Bohai Sea waters.In the study area,extensional and strike-slipping faults are the most predominant,and inverted faults are locally distributed.On plane view,most of the faults are of NE-,NW-or EW-trend,and the NE-trending faults mostly belong to the Tanlu strike-slip faut zone.While on sectional view,the faults occur as flower structures.The NW-trending faults are associated with the Zhangjiakou-Penglai strike-slip fault zone,and constitute a conjugate shear faults system with the NE-trending faults during the neotectonic stage.The near EW-trending faults can be classified into two types according to their scale.The large-scale EW-trending faults,acting as the boundary faults between the salient and trough in the southern part,experienced the early extensional and late strike-slipping movements.They exhibit quasi-flower structures composed of major listric faults and shallow branching strike-slipping faults on the section.The small-scale EW-trending faults are densely developed in the shallow strata,and they are mostly derivative faults resulted from the strike-slipping movement of the Tanlu fault zone.
引文
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[9]李家康.渤海油气成藏特点及与断层关系[J].石油学报,2001,22(2):26-31.Li Jiakang.The relationship between the characteristic of hydro-carbon and the fault and hydrocarbon exploration in Bohai[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2001,22(2):26-31.
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[12]周心怀,余一欣,魏刚,等.渤海辽东湾海域JZ25-1S转换带与油气成藏的关系[J].石油学报,2008,29(6):837-840.Zhou Xinhuai,Yu Yixin,Wei Gang,et al.Relationship betweenJZ25-1S transfer zone and hydrocarbon accumulation in Lia-odongwan offshore of Bohai Bay Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sini-ca,2008,29(6):837-840.
[13]余一欣,周心怀,汤良杰,等.渤海海域辽东湾坳陷正断层联接及其转换带特征[J].地质论评,2009,55(1):79-84.Zhou Xinhuai,Yu Yixin,Tang Liangjie,et al.Linkages of nor-mal faults and transfer zones in the Liaodongwan depression,offshore Bohai Bay basin[J].Geological Review,2009,55(1):79-84.
[14]余一欣,周心怀,汤良杰,等.渤海湾地区X型正断层及油气意义[J].地质学报,2009,83(8):1083-1088.Zhou Xinhuai,Yu Yixin,Tang Liangjie,et al.X-pattern normalfaults in the offshore Bohai Bay basin and its significance onhydrocarbon[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2009,83(8):1083-1088.
[15]姜丽娜,邹华耀.郯庐断裂带渤中-渤南段新构造运动期断层活动与油气运聚[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(4):462-468.Jiang Lina,Zou Huayao.Fault activities and hydrocarbon migra-tion and accumulation during the Neotectonic period in theBozhong-Bonan segment of the Tanlu fault zone[J].Oil&GasGeology,2009,30(4):462-468.
[16]周心怀,牛成民,滕长宇.环渤中地区新构造运动期断裂活动与油气成藏关系[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(4):469-475.Zhou Xinhuai,Niu Chengming,Teng Changyu.Relationship be-tween faulting and hudrocarbon pooling during the Neotectonicmovement around the central Bohai Bay[J].Oil&Gas Geolo-gy,2009,30(4):469-475.
[17]朱秀香,吕修祥,王德英,等.渤海海域黄河口凹陷走滑转换带对油气聚集的控制[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(4):476-482.Zhu Xiuxiang,Lu Xiuxiang,Wang Deying,et al.Controllingeffect of a strike-slip transform belt on hydrocarbon accumula-tions in the Huanghekou Sag,the Bohai Sea waters[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(4):476-482.
[18]杨桥,魏刚,马宝军,等.郯庐断裂带辽东湾段新生代右旋走滑变形及其模拟实验[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(4):483-489.Yang Qiao,Wei Gang,Ma Baojun,et al.Characteristics andmodelling of the Cenozoic right-lateral slip deformation in theLiaodong Bay segment of the Tan-Lu fault zone[J].Oil&GasGeology,2009,30(4):483-489.
[19]Casas A M,Gapais D,Nalpas T,et al.Analogue models oftranspressive systems[J].Journal of Structrual Geology,2001,23(5):733-743.
[20]徐杰,宋长青,楚全芝.张家口—蓬莱断裂带地震构造特征的初步探讨[J].地震地质,1998,20(2):146-154.Xu Jie,Song Changqing,Chu Quanzhi.Preliminary study on theseismotectonic characters of Zhangjiakou-Penglai fault zone[J],Seismology and Geology,1998,20(2):146-154.
[21]高战武,徐杰,宋长青,等.张家口—蓬莱断裂带的分段特征[J].华北地震科学,2001,19(1):35-42.Gao Zhanwu,Xu Jie,Song Changqing,et al.The segmentalcharacter of Zhangjiakou-Penglai fault[J].North China Earth-quake Sciences,2001,19(1):35-42.
[22]徐杰,马宗晋,陈国光,等.中国大陆东部新构造期北西向断裂带的初步探讨[J].地学前缘,2003,10(特刊):193-198.Xu Jie,Ma Zongjin,Chen Guoguang,et al.NW trending activefault zones of the eastern Chinese continent in Neotectonic time[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2003,10(Suppl):193-198.
[2]严俊君,马前贵.渤海海域的郯庐扭断裂及含油气盆地的发育[J].地球科学——中国地质大学学报,1992,17(1):31-38.Yan Junjun,Ma Qiangui.The Tancheng-Lujiang wrench faultsystem in Bohai Bay area[J].Earth Science—Journal of ChinaUniversity of Geosciences,1992,17(1):31-38.
[3]漆家福,张一伟,陆克政,等.渤海湾新生代裂陷盆地的伸展模式及其动力学过程[J].石油实验地质,1995,17(4):316-323.Qi Jiafu,Zhang Yiwei,Lu Kezheng,et al.Extensional patternand dynamic process of the Cenozoic rifting basin in the BohaiBay[J].Experimental Petroleum Geology,1995,17(4):316-323.
[4]邓运华.郯庐断裂带新构造运动对渤海东部油气聚集的控制作用[J].中国海上油气(地质),2001,15(5):301-305.Deng Yunhua.Control of the neotectonismalong Tangcheng-Lu-jiang fracture zone on hydrocarbon accumulation in the easternBohai Sea[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas(Geology),2001,15(5):301-305.
[5]Hsiao L Y,Graham S A,Tilander N.Seismic reflection imagingof a major strike-slip fault zone in a rift system:Paleogenestructure and evolution of the Tan-Lu fault system,LiaodongBay,Bohai,offshore China[J].AAPG Bulletin,2004,88(1):71-97.
[6]龚再升,蔡东升,张功成.郯庐断裂对渤海海域东部油气成藏的控制作用[J].石油学报,2007,28(4):1-10.Gong Zaisheng,Cai Dongsheng,Zhang Gongcheng.Dominatingaction of Tanlu Fault on hydrocarbon accumulation in easternBohai Sea area.Acta Petrolei Sinica,2007,28(4):1-10.
[7]漆家福,邓荣敬,周心怀,等.渤海海域新生代盆地中的郯庐断裂带构造[J].中国科学(D辑),2008,38(增刊Ⅰ):19-29.Qi Jiafu,Deng Rongjing,Zhou Xinhuai,et al.Structural charac-teristics of the Tan-Lu fault zone in Cenozoic basins offshore theBohai Sea[J].Science in China(Series D),2008,38(S1):19-29.
[8]万桂梅,周东红,汤良杰.渤海海域郯庐断裂带对油气成藏的控制作用[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(4):450-454.Wan Guimei,Zhou Donghong,Tang Liangjie.Control of the Tan-Lu fault zone on hydrocarbon accumulation in the Bohai Sea wa-ters[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(4):450-454.
[9]李家康.渤海油气成藏特点及与断层关系[J].石油学报,2001,22(2):26-31.Li Jiakang.The relationship between the characteristic of hydro-carbon and the fault and hydrocarbon exploration in Bohai[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2001,22(2):26-31.
[10]漆家福.渤海湾新生代盆地的两种构造系统及其成因解释[J].中国地质,2004,31(1):15-22.Qi Jiafu.Two tectonic systems in the Cenozoic Bohai Bay basinand their genetic interpretation[J].Geology in China,2004,31(1):15-22.
[11]余一欣,周心怀,魏刚,等.渤海湾地区构造变换带及油气意义[J].古地理学报,2008,10(5):555-560.Yu Yixin,Zhou Xinhuai,Wei Gang,et al.Structural transferzones and the ir hydrocarbon significances in Boha i Bay area[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2008,10(5):555-560.
[12]周心怀,余一欣,魏刚,等.渤海辽东湾海域JZ25-1S转换带与油气成藏的关系[J].石油学报,2008,29(6):837-840.Zhou Xinhuai,Yu Yixin,Wei Gang,et al.Relationship betweenJZ25-1S transfer zone and hydrocarbon accumulation in Lia-odongwan offshore of Bohai Bay Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sini-ca,2008,29(6):837-840.
[13]余一欣,周心怀,汤良杰,等.渤海海域辽东湾坳陷正断层联接及其转换带特征[J].地质论评,2009,55(1):79-84.Zhou Xinhuai,Yu Yixin,Tang Liangjie,et al.Linkages of nor-mal faults and transfer zones in the Liaodongwan depression,offshore Bohai Bay basin[J].Geological Review,2009,55(1):79-84.
[14]余一欣,周心怀,汤良杰,等.渤海湾地区X型正断层及油气意义[J].地质学报,2009,83(8):1083-1088.Zhou Xinhuai,Yu Yixin,Tang Liangjie,et al.X-pattern normalfaults in the offshore Bohai Bay basin and its significance onhydrocarbon[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2009,83(8):1083-1088.
[15]姜丽娜,邹华耀.郯庐断裂带渤中-渤南段新构造运动期断层活动与油气运聚[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(4):462-468.Jiang Lina,Zou Huayao.Fault activities and hydrocarbon migra-tion and accumulation during the Neotectonic period in theBozhong-Bonan segment of the Tanlu fault zone[J].Oil&GasGeology,2009,30(4):462-468.
[16]周心怀,牛成民,滕长宇.环渤中地区新构造运动期断裂活动与油气成藏关系[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(4):469-475.Zhou Xinhuai,Niu Chengming,Teng Changyu.Relationship be-tween faulting and hudrocarbon pooling during the Neotectonicmovement around the central Bohai Bay[J].Oil&Gas Geolo-gy,2009,30(4):469-475.
[17]朱秀香,吕修祥,王德英,等.渤海海域黄河口凹陷走滑转换带对油气聚集的控制[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(4):476-482.Zhu Xiuxiang,Lu Xiuxiang,Wang Deying,et al.Controllingeffect of a strike-slip transform belt on hydrocarbon accumula-tions in the Huanghekou Sag,the Bohai Sea waters[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(4):476-482.
[18]杨桥,魏刚,马宝军,等.郯庐断裂带辽东湾段新生代右旋走滑变形及其模拟实验[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(4):483-489.Yang Qiao,Wei Gang,Ma Baojun,et al.Characteristics andmodelling of the Cenozoic right-lateral slip deformation in theLiaodong Bay segment of the Tan-Lu fault zone[J].Oil&GasGeology,2009,30(4):483-489.
[19]Casas A M,Gapais D,Nalpas T,et al.Analogue models oftranspressive systems[J].Journal of Structrual Geology,2001,23(5):733-743.
[20]徐杰,宋长青,楚全芝.张家口—蓬莱断裂带地震构造特征的初步探讨[J].地震地质,1998,20(2):146-154.Xu Jie,Song Changqing,Chu Quanzhi.Preliminary study on theseismotectonic characters of Zhangjiakou-Penglai fault zone[J],Seismology and Geology,1998,20(2):146-154.
[21]高战武,徐杰,宋长青,等.张家口—蓬莱断裂带的分段特征[J].华北地震科学,2001,19(1):35-42.Gao Zhanwu,Xu Jie,Song Changqing,et al.The segmentalcharacter of Zhangjiakou-Penglai fault[J].North China Earth-quake Sciences,2001,19(1):35-42.
[22]徐杰,马宗晋,陈国光,等.中国大陆东部新构造期北西向断裂带的初步探讨[J].地学前缘,2003,10(特刊):193-198.Xu Jie,Ma Zongjin,Chen Guoguang,et al.NW trending activefault zones of the eastern Chinese continent in Neotectonic time[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2003,10(Suppl):193-198.
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