盆山结合部近地表速度结构与静校正方法研究——以西南天山与塔里木盆地结合部为例
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摘要
盆山结合部位近地表结构复杂,地震资料信噪比低,静校正问题突出。以横穿西南天山与塔里木盆地的某二维地震测线为例,通过分析盆地、盆山结合部和山区的典型单炮记录,确定了一套基于浮动基准面的层析静校正流程——对起伏地表的高程进行平滑,将其作为浮动基准面;在该基准面上应用初至波层析反演方法计算炮、检点静校正量,并应用于数据体上;之后对该数据体进行速度分析和动校正等常规处理,再应用高程法计算浮动基准面到最终基准面的炮、检点静校正量。实际应用效果表明,该方法能较好地解决盆山结合部资料中的中、长波长静校正问题,地震剖面的成像质量得到了明显提高。
In basin-mountain junction zone,near-surface structure is complex, S/N of seismic data is low and statics problem is serious.Taking a 2-D seismic line crossing western part of South Tianshan and Tarim basin as an example,by analyzing the typical single shot record from basin,mountain-basin junction belt and mountain,a series of tomography statics workflow based on floating datum was identified. Firstly,the elevation of rugged surface is smoothed and taken as floating datum.Then,on this floating datum,first break tomography inversion method is applied to calculate statics of shot points and receiving points,the calculated results are used on data set.Finally,conventional processing including velocity analysis and normal moveout is carried out on data volume,and elevation method is used to calculate the statics of shot points and receiving points between floating datum and terminal datum.Actual application results show that the method can effectively solve the middle-wavelength and long-wavelength statics problem of the seismic data from basin-mountain belt,meanwhile,the seismic imaging quality has been obviously improved.
In basin-mountain junction zone,near-surface structure is complex, S/N of seismic data is low and statics problem is serious.Taking a 2-D seismic line crossing western part of South Tianshan and Tarim basin as an example,by analyzing the typical single shot record from basin,mountain-basin junction belt and mountain,a series of tomography statics workflow based on floating datum was identified. Firstly,the elevation of rugged surface is smoothed and taken as floating datum.Then,on this floating datum,first break tomography inversion method is applied to calculate statics of shot points and receiving points,the calculated results are used on data set.Finally,conventional processing including velocity analysis and normal moveout is carried out on data volume,and elevation method is used to calculate the statics of shot points and receiving points between floating datum and terminal datum.Actual application results show that the method can effectively solve the middle-wavelength and long-wavelength statics problem of the seismic data from basin-mountain belt,meanwhile,the seismic imaging quality has been obviously improved.
引文
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[19]冯泽元,李培明,唐海忠,等.利用层析反演技术解决山地复杂区静校正问题[J].石油物探,2005,44(3): 284-287
[20]杨文军,段云卿,姜伟才,等.层析反演静校正[J].物探与化探,2005,29(1):41-43
[21]何光明,贺振华,黄德济,等.无射线追踪层析静校技术在川西复杂地区资料处理中的应用[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2006,33(6):598-602
[22]张继国,刘连升.复杂区初至层析反演静校正[J].石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(4):383-385,395
[23]薛为平,宋阳,刘居文,等.准噶尔盆地石南地区静校正方法应用研究[J].石油物探,2006,45(6): 615-618
[2]Burchfiel B C,Brown E T,Deng Q D,et al.Crustal shortening on the margins of the Tien Shan Xinjiang, China[J].International Geology Review,1999, 41(8):665-700
[3]Chen C M,Lu H F,Jia D,et al.Closing history of western Tianshan oceanic basin,western China,a collisional orogeny[J].Tectonophysics,1999,302 (1/2):23-40
[4]舒良树,郭召杰,朱文斌,等.天山地区碰撞后构造与盆山演化[J].高校地质学报,2004,10(3):393-403
[5]蔡立国.天山陆内俯冲造山转换带的基本特征[J].石油实验地质,2000,22(3):206-209
[6]田勤俭,丁国瑜,郝平.南天山及塔里木北缘构造带西段地震构造研究[J].地震地质,2006,28(2): 213-223
[7]高锐,肖序常,高弘,等.西昆仑—塔里木—天山岩石圈深地震探测综述[J].地质通报,2002,21(1): 11-18
[8]罗志立,刘树根,雍自权,等.中国陆俯冲(C-俯冲)观的形成和发展[J].新疆石油地质,2003,24(1):1-7
[9]申立中,刘先荣,刘宗亮.西部地区静校正方法研究[J].内蒙古石油化工,2005(1):60-61
[10]邓志文.复杂山地地震勘探[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2006:42-60
[11]林伯香,孙晶梅,徐颖,等.几种常用静校正方法的讨论[J].石油物探,2006,45(4):367-372
[12]林伯香,孙晶梅,刘起弘,等.关于浮动基准面概念的讨论[J].石油物探,2005,44(1):94-97
[13]陈同俊.浅层折射静校正方法[J].物化探计算技术, 2004,26(1):5-8
[14]刘振宽,吴永刚,刘英杰.近地表层地震层析成像[J].石油地球物理勘探,1994,29(3):294-301
[15]李录明,罗省贤,赵波.初至波表层模型层析反演[J].石油地球物理勘探,2000,35(5):559-564
[16]华勇.折射层析静校正方法及其应用效果[J].勘探地球物理进展,2002,25(5):52-54,66
[17]林伯香,孙晶梅,刘清林.层析成像低速带速度反演和静校正方法[J].石油物探,2002,41(2):136-140
[18]成谷,马在田,张宝金,等.地震层析成像中存在的主要问题及应对策略[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18 (3):512-518
[19]冯泽元,李培明,唐海忠,等.利用层析反演技术解决山地复杂区静校正问题[J].石油物探,2005,44(3): 284-287
[20]杨文军,段云卿,姜伟才,等.层析反演静校正[J].物探与化探,2005,29(1):41-43
[21]何光明,贺振华,黄德济,等.无射线追踪层析静校技术在川西复杂地区资料处理中的应用[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2006,33(6):598-602
[22]张继国,刘连升.复杂区初至层析反演静校正[J].石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(4):383-385,395
[23]薛为平,宋阳,刘居文,等.准噶尔盆地石南地区静校正方法应用研究[J].石油物探,2006,45(6): 615-618
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