鄂尔多斯北缘断陷盆地区强震孕育的卫星遥感影像研究
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摘要
利用多时相、多波段卫星图像,研究1979年五原6.0级地震、1989年大同-阳高6.1级地震和1996年包头西6.4级地震震区的构造活动信息,结合前人的烈度调查资料,探讨这些强震发生的地质构造环境。研究表明:1979年五原6.0级地震发生在NE向海子堰断裂与NW向五原西断裂交会的部位。五原6.0级地震高烈度区等震线长轴呈NE向,与海子堰断裂一致,是五原地震的发震构造。1996年包头西6.4级地震发生在由陡崖和沟槽地貌显示的NEE向乌拉山北缘断裂与NW向新生砂石厂断裂交会的部位。包头西6.4级地震高烈度区等震线长轴呈NE向,与乌拉山北缘断裂接近,该断裂是包头西6.4级地震的发震构造。2次地震高烈度区长轴与低烈度区长轴走向相差近90°,这是因为除发震构造外,烈度区还受一组与之交会的共轭断裂活动的影响。1989年大同-阳高6.1级地震,发生在从六棱山腹地向大同-阳高盆地延伸的NNE向大王村-西要泉断裂上,该断裂是大同-阳高地震的发震构造。
The information of tectonic movement in the earthquake-stricken areas of the 1979 M_S 6.0 Wuyuan earthquake, the 1989 M_S 6.1 Datong-Yanggao earthquake and the 1996 M_S 6.4 west Baotou earthquake are studied by using multi-phase and multi-channel satellite images. Furthermore, the geologic-tectonic background of these earthquakes is discussed by combining the obtained results with the existing seismic intensity investigation data. The results of this study show that the 1979 M_S 6.0 Wuyuan earthquake occurred at the convergence of the NE-trending Haiziyan Fault and the NW-trending west Wuyuan Fault, as indicated by tone difference and micro-morphologic features on satellite images. The long axis of the high intensity isoseism of this earthquake is NE-trending, consistent with the Haiziyan Fault, which is therefore assumed to be the seismogenic fault of this earthquake. The long axis of the low intensity isoseism of this earthquake is NW-trending, indicating the effect of the NW-trending west Wuyuan Fault. The 1989 M_S 6.1 Datong-Yanggao earthquake occurred on the NEE-trending Dawangcun-Xi'anquan Fault which extends from the hinterland of the Liulengshan Mountains to Datong-Yanggao basin, as indicated by micro-morphologic and tone differences on the satellite images. The fault is consistent with the long axis of the isoseism of this earthquake as proposed by Su Zong-zheng et al. The 1996 M_S 6.4 west Baotou earthquake occurred at the convergence of the Wulashan north marginal fault and the NW-trending Xinsheng Sand Yard Fault, as indicated by distinct scarp and groove landforms. The long axis of high intensity isoseism of this earthquake is NE-striking, sub-parallel to the NEE-trending Wulashan north marginal fault that is assumed to be the seismogenic structure of the west Baotou earthquake. The long axis of low intensity isoseism of this earthquake is NW-striking, which is considered to be the effect of the NW-trending Xinsheng Sand Yard Fault.
The information of tectonic movement in the earthquake-stricken areas of the 1979 M_S 6.0 Wuyuan earthquake, the 1989 M_S 6.1 Datong-Yanggao earthquake and the 1996 M_S 6.4 west Baotou earthquake are studied by using multi-phase and multi-channel satellite images. Furthermore, the geologic-tectonic background of these earthquakes is discussed by combining the obtained results with the existing seismic intensity investigation data. The results of this study show that the 1979 M_S 6.0 Wuyuan earthquake occurred at the convergence of the NE-trending Haiziyan Fault and the NW-trending west Wuyuan Fault, as indicated by tone difference and micro-morphologic features on satellite images. The long axis of the high intensity isoseism of this earthquake is NE-trending, consistent with the Haiziyan Fault, which is therefore assumed to be the seismogenic fault of this earthquake. The long axis of the low intensity isoseism of this earthquake is NW-trending, indicating the effect of the NW-trending west Wuyuan Fault. The 1989 M_S 6.1 Datong-Yanggao earthquake occurred on the NEE-trending Dawangcun-Xi'anquan Fault which extends from the hinterland of the Liulengshan Mountains to Datong-Yanggao basin, as indicated by micro-morphologic and tone differences on the satellite images. The fault is consistent with the long axis of the isoseism of this earthquake as proposed by Su Zong-zheng et al. The 1996 M_S 6.4 west Baotou earthquake occurred at the convergence of the Wulashan north marginal fault and the NW-trending Xinsheng Sand Yard Fault, as indicated by distinct scarp and groove landforms. The long axis of high intensity isoseism of this earthquake is NE-striking, sub-parallel to the NEE-trending Wulashan north marginal fault that is assumed to be the seismogenic structure of the west Baotou earthquake. The long axis of low intensity isoseism of this earthquake is NW-striking, which is considered to be the effect of the NW-trending Xinsheng Sand Yard Fault.
引文
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黄相宁,葛丽明,李祥村,等.1993.大同-阳高地震钻孔应力应变变化特征与大同-阳高地震断裂带[A].见:国家地震局科技监测司编.大同-阳高地震研究.北京:地震出版社.126—133.HWANGXiang ning,GELi ming,LIXiang cun,etal.1993.FeaturesofboreholestressandstrainvariationfortheDa tong YanggaoearthquakeandDatong Yanggaoseismicfaultzone[A].In:DepartmentofScientificProgramming andEarthquakeMonitoring,SSB(ed).StudyontheDatong YanggaoEarthquake.SeismologicalPress,Beijing.126—133(inChinese).
苏宗正,程新原.1992.1989年大同-阳高地震的地质环境与地震构造[J].山西地震,(1):19—30.SUZong zheng,CHENGXin yuan.1992.ThegeologicalenvironmentandseismotectonicoftheearthquakeinDatong Yanggaoareain1989[J].EarthquakeResearchinShanxi,(1):19—30(inChinese).
吴卫民,聂宗笙,许桂林,等.1996.色尔腾山山前断裂西段活断层研究[A].见:国家地震局地质研究所编.活断裂研究(5).北京:地震出版社.113—124.WUWei min,NIEZong sheng,XUGui lin,etal.1996.ResearchontheActiveFaultofWesternSegmentoftheP montFaultofMt.Seerteng[A].In:InstituteofGeology,SSB(ed).ResearchonActiveFault(5).Seismolog Press,Beijing.113—124(inChinese).
徐锡伟,车用太,杨主恩,等.1991.大同-阳高地震群发震构造模式的讨论[J].中国地震,7(2):77—85.XUXi wei,CHEYong tai,YANGZhu en,etal.1991.DiscussiononthemodeloftheseismogenicstructureforDa tong Yanggaoearthquakeswarm[J].EarthquakeResearchinChina,7(2):77—85(inChinese).
薛丁,阎海滨,曹井泉.2002.1996年5月3日内蒙古自治区包头西6.4级地震[A].见:陈棋福主编.中国震例.北京:地震出版社.371—388.XUEDing,YANHai bin,CAOJing quan.2002.WestBaotouearthquakeofMS6.4onMay3,1996inInnerMongolia AutonomousRegion[A].In:CHENQi fu(ed).EarthquakeCasesinChina.SeismologicalPress,Beijing.371—388(inChinese).
杨晓平,冉永康,胡博,等.2002.内蒙古色尔腾山山前断裂(乌句蒙口—东风村段)的断层活动与古地震事件[J].中国地震,18(2):127—140.YANGXiao ping,RANYongkang,HUBo,etal.2002.ActivefaultandpaleoearthquakesofthePiedmontFault(Wu jumengkou DongfengVillage)ofSeertengMountains,InnerMongolia[J].EarthquakeResearchinChina,18(2):127—140(inChinese).
朱亮璞,承继成,潘德扬,等.1981.遥感图像地质解译教程[M].北京:地质出版社.ZHULiang pu,CHENGJi cheng,PANDe yang,etal.1981.ACourseinGeologicInterpretationofRemoteSensing Images[M].GeologicalPublishingHouse,Beijing(inChinese).
陈立春,冉勇康,常增沛.2003.色尔滕山山前断裂得令山以东段晚第四纪活动特征与古地震事件[J].地震地质,25(4):555—565.CHENLi chun,RANYong kang,CHANGZeng pei.2003.CharacteristicsoflateQuaternaryfaultingandpaleoseismic eventsontheeastofDelingshansegmentoftheSertengshanpiedmontfault[J].SeismologyandGeology,25(4):555—565(inChinese).
国家地震局鄂尔多斯周缘活动断裂系课题组.1988.鄂尔多斯周缘活动断裂系[M].北京:地震出版社.183—266.TheResearchGroupon“ActiveFaultSystemaroundOrdosMassif”,StateSeismologicalBureau.1988.ActiveFault SystemaroundOrdosMassif[M].SeismologicalPress,Beijing.183—266(inChinese).
黄相宁,葛丽明,李祥村,等.1993.大同-阳高地震钻孔应力应变变化特征与大同-阳高地震断裂带[A].见:国家地震局科技监测司编.大同-阳高地震研究.北京:地震出版社.126—133.HWANGXiang ning,GELi ming,LIXiang cun,etal.1993.FeaturesofboreholestressandstrainvariationfortheDa tong YanggaoearthquakeandDatong Yanggaoseismicfaultzone[A].In:DepartmentofScientificProgramming andEarthquakeMonitoring,SSB(ed).StudyontheDatong YanggaoEarthquake.SeismologicalPress,Beijing.126—133(inChinese).
苏宗正,程新原.1992.1989年大同-阳高地震的地质环境与地震构造[J].山西地震,(1):19—30.SUZong zheng,CHENGXin yuan.1992.ThegeologicalenvironmentandseismotectonicoftheearthquakeinDatong Yanggaoareain1989[J].EarthquakeResearchinShanxi,(1):19—30(inChinese).
吴卫民,聂宗笙,许桂林,等.1996.色尔腾山山前断裂西段活断层研究[A].见:国家地震局地质研究所编.活断裂研究(5).北京:地震出版社.113—124.WUWei min,NIEZong sheng,XUGui lin,etal.1996.ResearchontheActiveFaultofWesternSegmentoftheP montFaultofMt.Seerteng[A].In:InstituteofGeology,SSB(ed).ResearchonActiveFault(5).Seismolog Press,Beijing.113—124(inChinese).
徐锡伟,车用太,杨主恩,等.1991.大同-阳高地震群发震构造模式的讨论[J].中国地震,7(2):77—85.XUXi wei,CHEYong tai,YANGZhu en,etal.1991.DiscussiononthemodeloftheseismogenicstructureforDa tong Yanggaoearthquakeswarm[J].EarthquakeResearchinChina,7(2):77—85(inChinese).
薛丁,阎海滨,曹井泉.2002.1996年5月3日内蒙古自治区包头西6.4级地震[A].见:陈棋福主编.中国震例.北京:地震出版社.371—388.XUEDing,YANHai bin,CAOJing quan.2002.WestBaotouearthquakeofMS6.4onMay3,1996inInnerMongolia AutonomousRegion[A].In:CHENQi fu(ed).EarthquakeCasesinChina.SeismologicalPress,Beijing.371—388(inChinese).
杨晓平,冉永康,胡博,等.2002.内蒙古色尔腾山山前断裂(乌句蒙口—东风村段)的断层活动与古地震事件[J].中国地震,18(2):127—140.YANGXiao ping,RANYongkang,HUBo,etal.2002.ActivefaultandpaleoearthquakesofthePiedmontFault(Wu jumengkou DongfengVillage)ofSeertengMountains,InnerMongolia[J].EarthquakeResearchinChina,18(2):127—140(inChinese).
朱亮璞,承继成,潘德扬,等.1981.遥感图像地质解译教程[M].北京:地质出版社.ZHULiang pu,CHENGJi cheng,PANDe yang,etal.1981.ACourseinGeologicInterpretationofRemoteSensing Images[M].GeologicalPublishingHouse,Beijing(inChinese).
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