应用岩性统计方法判别沉积相——以珠江口盆地三角洲沉积为例
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摘要
传统的沉积相分析方法人为影响因素较大,对于相同的沉积构造、曲线形态及地震反射特征,不同人可能会有不同的认识,而岩性相对比较容易识别,并且能通过精密的仪器准确获得,因此,利用岩性数据进行沉积相判别,可以避免沉积相分析过程中人为认识相标志不同造成的差异。作者以珠江口盆地三角洲沉积的岩性数据为基础,通过对能够反映沉积速率、沉积物供给量及沉积水动力条件的不同岩性地层的厚度和层数的统计,选取单层厚度、地层厚度比、出现频率及层数比等统计参数,以交汇图、岩性百分含量三角图及箱线图为依托,最终建立各沉积亚相的定量判别标准。通过检验,其准确率在75%左右,可见该方法基本可行,为沉积相定量化研究提供了一种可供借鉴的方法。
The traditional research approaches for sedimentary facies are affected by artificial subjective factors.For the same sedimentary structure,curve shape and seismic reflection characteristics,different people have different views.But lithologic characteristics are doubtless,and these data are easy to obtain by instrumental measurement.Therefore,the use of lithologic data to distinguish sedimentary facies,can avoid differences which are caused by artificial subjective factors in identifying sedimentary facies indicators.The well logging lithological interpretation results from the Neogene deltaic deposits of Pearl River Mouth Basin have been used to measure the thickness and layer number of these different lithology.Statistic shows that there are close relations among the single layer thickness,formation thickness rate and other characters of these strata,the variation of these characters are close related to subfacies of the deltaic deposits.The subfacies can be distinguished quantitatively by the use of these relations,such as crossplot,triangular diagram and boxplot.The critical parameters and diagrams for different subfacies have been used to recognize the facies of other wells which are not to be used to calculate the criterion.The result shows the correctness is above 75%,and the method is basically feasible that using lithological statistics to recognize deltaic subfacies.These results may provide an available approach to the quantitative study of sedimentary facies.
The traditional research approaches for sedimentary facies are affected by artificial subjective factors.For the same sedimentary structure,curve shape and seismic reflection characteristics,different people have different views.But lithologic characteristics are doubtless,and these data are easy to obtain by instrumental measurement.Therefore,the use of lithologic data to distinguish sedimentary facies,can avoid differences which are caused by artificial subjective factors in identifying sedimentary facies indicators.The well logging lithological interpretation results from the Neogene deltaic deposits of Pearl River Mouth Basin have been used to measure the thickness and layer number of these different lithology.Statistic shows that there are close relations among the single layer thickness,formation thickness rate and other characters of these strata,the variation of these characters are close related to subfacies of the deltaic deposits.The subfacies can be distinguished quantitatively by the use of these relations,such as crossplot,triangular diagram and boxplot.The critical parameters and diagrams for different subfacies have been used to recognize the facies of other wells which are not to be used to calculate the criterion.The result shows the correctness is above 75%,and the method is basically feasible that using lithological statistics to recognize deltaic subfacies.These results may provide an available approach to the quantitative study of sedimentary facies.
引文
陈方鸿,王树平,李志政.2005.三维可视化地震相分析在沉积相研究中的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,32(3):73-73.
陈钢花,申辉林,雍世和.1996.应用数理统计方法自动解释地层岩性及沉积微相[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),20(4):25-29.
邓宏文,郑文波.2009.珠江口盆地惠州凹陷古近系珠海组近海潮汐沉积特征[J].现代地质,23(5):767-775.
龚一鸣.1988.事件沉积学中的定量分析[J].岩相古地理,(3-4):81-84.
姜在兴.2003.沉积学[M].北京:石油工业出版社.
蔺景龙,许少华,孙文德.1997.沉积微相测井识别[J].大庆石油地质与开发,16(2):71-74.
林承焰,张宪国,董春梅.2007.地震沉积学及其初步应用[J].石油学报,28(2):69-72.
刘红岐,彭仕宓,夏宏泉,等.2004.测井曲线元数学特征及沉积微相定量识别[J].中国海上油气,16(6):382-386.
陆基孟.1993.地震勘探原理[M].山东东营:石油大学出版社.
陆永潮,杜学斌,陈平,等.2008.油气精细勘探的主要方法体系——地震沉积学研究[J].石油实验地质,30(1):1-5.
欧成华,陈景山.1999.沉积相定量识别中的层次分析方法[J].石油与天然气地质,20(3):255-259.
王金荣,刘洪涛.2004.测井沉积微相识别方法及应用[J].大庆石油学院学报,28(4):18-20.
王仁铎.1991.利用测井曲线形态特征定量判别沉积相[J].地球科学——中国地质大学学报,16(3):303-309.
吴崇筠,刘宝珺,王德发,等.1981.碎屑岩沉积相模式[J].石油学报,2(4):1-10.
吴元燕,田时芸.1992.用标准相模式进行地震相分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,27(1):101-111.
徐田武,宋海强,范卫平,等.2008.高邮凹陷晚白垩世泰一段沉积时期物源及沉积相定量分析[J].油气地质与采收率,15(6):29-32.
尹寿鹏,王贵文.1999.测井沉积学研究综述[J].地球科学进展,14(5):440-445.
雍世和,文政.1995.用Bayes判别法定量识别沉积微相[J].测井技术,19(1):22-27.
于民凤,程日辉,那晓红.2005.陆相盆地主要沉积微相的测井特征[J].世界地质,24(2):182-187.
于兴河.2008.碎屑岩系油气储集层沉积学[M].北京:石油工业出版社.
赵澄林,朱筱敏.2001.沉积岩石学[M].北京:石油工业出版社.
钟大康,王招明,张丽娟,等.2010.塔里木盆地塔北地区侏罗系沉积特征及演化[J].古地理学报,12(1):42-48.
朱筱敏,张强,赵澄林,等.2004.塔里木中部地区东河砂岩段沉积特征和沉积环境演变[J].地质科学,39(1):27-35.
Francis P S,Robert R L.1959.Sedimentary facies from shallow borings inlower Mississippi Delta[J].AAPG Bulletin,43(9):2051-2067.
Gao Dengliang.2008.Application of seismic texture model regression toseismic facies characterization and interpretation[J].The LeadingEdge,27:394-397.
Reading H G.1996.Sedimentary Environments:Processes,Facies andStratigraphy[M].England:Department of Earth Sciences,Universityof Oxford.
陈钢花,申辉林,雍世和.1996.应用数理统计方法自动解释地层岩性及沉积微相[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),20(4):25-29.
邓宏文,郑文波.2009.珠江口盆地惠州凹陷古近系珠海组近海潮汐沉积特征[J].现代地质,23(5):767-775.
龚一鸣.1988.事件沉积学中的定量分析[J].岩相古地理,(3-4):81-84.
姜在兴.2003.沉积学[M].北京:石油工业出版社.
蔺景龙,许少华,孙文德.1997.沉积微相测井识别[J].大庆石油地质与开发,16(2):71-74.
林承焰,张宪国,董春梅.2007.地震沉积学及其初步应用[J].石油学报,28(2):69-72.
刘红岐,彭仕宓,夏宏泉,等.2004.测井曲线元数学特征及沉积微相定量识别[J].中国海上油气,16(6):382-386.
陆基孟.1993.地震勘探原理[M].山东东营:石油大学出版社.
陆永潮,杜学斌,陈平,等.2008.油气精细勘探的主要方法体系——地震沉积学研究[J].石油实验地质,30(1):1-5.
欧成华,陈景山.1999.沉积相定量识别中的层次分析方法[J].石油与天然气地质,20(3):255-259.
王金荣,刘洪涛.2004.测井沉积微相识别方法及应用[J].大庆石油学院学报,28(4):18-20.
王仁铎.1991.利用测井曲线形态特征定量判别沉积相[J].地球科学——中国地质大学学报,16(3):303-309.
吴崇筠,刘宝珺,王德发,等.1981.碎屑岩沉积相模式[J].石油学报,2(4):1-10.
吴元燕,田时芸.1992.用标准相模式进行地震相分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,27(1):101-111.
徐田武,宋海强,范卫平,等.2008.高邮凹陷晚白垩世泰一段沉积时期物源及沉积相定量分析[J].油气地质与采收率,15(6):29-32.
尹寿鹏,王贵文.1999.测井沉积学研究综述[J].地球科学进展,14(5):440-445.
雍世和,文政.1995.用Bayes判别法定量识别沉积微相[J].测井技术,19(1):22-27.
于民凤,程日辉,那晓红.2005.陆相盆地主要沉积微相的测井特征[J].世界地质,24(2):182-187.
于兴河.2008.碎屑岩系油气储集层沉积学[M].北京:石油工业出版社.
赵澄林,朱筱敏.2001.沉积岩石学[M].北京:石油工业出版社.
钟大康,王招明,张丽娟,等.2010.塔里木盆地塔北地区侏罗系沉积特征及演化[J].古地理学报,12(1):42-48.
朱筱敏,张强,赵澄林,等.2004.塔里木中部地区东河砂岩段沉积特征和沉积环境演变[J].地质科学,39(1):27-35.
Francis P S,Robert R L.1959.Sedimentary facies from shallow borings inlower Mississippi Delta[J].AAPG Bulletin,43(9):2051-2067.
Gao Dengliang.2008.Application of seismic texture model regression toseismic facies characterization and interpretation[J].The LeadingEdge,27:394-397.
Reading H G.1996.Sedimentary Environments:Processes,Facies andStratigraphy[M].England:Department of Earth Sciences,Universityof Oxford.
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