大桥水库4.6级地震前后的库水加卸载响应比变化特征
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摘要
多年的实测数据表明,大桥水库的坝前水位年变化约40m,库水对库盆的静压变化大约为4×10~5Pa,比固体潮的作用大2个量级,水库的蓄水和放水是对库区影响最大的加卸载力源。根据加卸载响应比理论(LURR),用库区的地震频次和能量分别研究在大桥水库诱发M_S4.6地震前后加卸载响应比的变化。结果表明:在大桥水库及附近相对较大的范围和水体附近相对较小的范围内,当库水加载过程中发生小震群时,地震频次加卸载响应比Y_n和C_r值显示高值异常,表明研究区岩石处于临近破裂状态,其后发生4.6级水库诱发地震;蓄水前后地震频次库水加卸载响应比Y_n和C_r值的平均值有明显差异;在大桥水库诱发的4.6级地震前,库水加卸载作用导致的地震频次及能量的加卸载响应比在震前存在明显的高值异常,震后异常消失。大桥4.6级震例表明库水加卸载响应比可有效应用于水库诱发地震的监测预报。
The water level annual change in Daqiao reservoir is about 40m,which imposes a static pressure change on its basin about 4×10~5Pa,100 times as the role of earth tide.Therefore,the water level's change becomes the largest force source of loading or unloading effect on its basin.In this paper,we apply Load-Unload Response Ratio(LURR)theory on studying LURR value's changes pre-and after the Ms 4.6 Daqiao reservoir earthquake using earthquake number and energy data.The results show that:in the vicinity of the reservoir,for small earthquakes occurring in the reservoir water loading process,the earthquake number LURR value Y_n and C_r appeared as high-value anomalies,indicating that the rock in the study area was in a state close to failure,and then the Ms 4.6 reservoir earthquake occurred;the average value of Y_n and C_r showed significant difference before and after the impounding, as was high-value anomalies before the reservoir impounding,and resumed to normal afterwards. This case shows that reservoir water level's LURR could be beneficial to reservoir earthquake's monitoring and forecast.
The water level annual change in Daqiao reservoir is about 40m,which imposes a static pressure change on its basin about 4×10~5Pa,100 times as the role of earth tide.Therefore,the water level's change becomes the largest force source of loading or unloading effect on its basin.In this paper,we apply Load-Unload Response Ratio(LURR)theory on studying LURR value's changes pre-and after the Ms 4.6 Daqiao reservoir earthquake using earthquake number and energy data.The results show that:in the vicinity of the reservoir,for small earthquakes occurring in the reservoir water loading process,the earthquake number LURR value Y_n and C_r appeared as high-value anomalies,indicating that the rock in the study area was in a state close to failure,and then the Ms 4.6 reservoir earthquake occurred;the average value of Y_n and C_r showed significant difference before and after the impounding, as was high-value anomalies before the reservoir impounding,and resumed to normal afterwards. This case shows that reservoir water level's LURR could be beneficial to reservoir earthquake's monitoring and forecast.
引文
陈学忠,尹祥础.1995.水库地震主震前加卸载响应比的变化特征[J].中国地震,11(4):361-367.
CHEN Xue-zhong,YIN Xiang-chu.1995.Application of the load-unload response ratio theory to the earthquake prediction for reservoir-induced earthquakes[J].Earthquake Research in China,11(4):361-367(in Chinese).
胡先明.2003.大桥水库诱发4.4级水库地震前的地震学异常[J].地震地磁观测与研究,24(3):14-19.
HU Xian-ming.2003.Seismic anomalies before reservoir-induced ML 4.4 earthquake in Daqiao,Sichuan[J].Seismological and Geomagnetic Observayion and Research,24(3):14-19(in Chinese).
胡先明.2004a.冕宁大桥水库诱发地震研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,24(2):88-91.
HU Xian-ming.2004a.Study on induced earthquake of Mianning Daqiao reservoir[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, 24(2):88-91(in Chinese).
胡先明.2004b.大桥水库诱发地震前的小震群[J].四川地震,(2):36-41.
HU Xian-ming.2004b.Small seismic group before an M4.6 induced earthquake near Daqiao Reservoir Dam[J]. Earthquake Research in Sichuan,(2):36-41(in Chinese).
胡先明.2005.大桥水库地震发生前的弱震时空分布[J].大地测量与地球动力学,25(专刊):54-58.
HU Xian-ming.2005.Space-time distribution of weak earthquake in Daqiao[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, 25(special):54-58(in Chinese).
胡先明,叶有清.2005.大桥水库M_S 4.6级诱发地震的初步研究[J].四川地震,(4):25-31.
HU Xian-ming,YE You-qing.2005.Primary study about the induced Ms4.6 Daqiao Reservoir Earthquake[J]. Earthquake Research in Sichuan,(4):25-31(in Chinese).
万永革.2004.关于加卸载响应比理论运用于地震预测的几点思考[J].西北地震学报,26(2):178-182.
WAN Yong-ge.2004.Some considerations on theory of load and unload response ratio and its application in eathquake prediction[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,26(2 ):178-1 82(in Chinese).
谢蓉华,陈农,胡先明.2004.大桥水库诱发地震研究[J].水电站设计,20(4):61-65.
XIE Rong-hua,CHEN Nong,HU Xian-ming.2004.Study on Daqiao reservoir induced earthquakes[J].Design of Hydroelectric Power Station,20(4 ):6 1- 65(in Chinese ).
尹祥础.1987.地震预报新途径探索[J].中国地震,3(1):1-7.
YIN Xiang-Chu.1987.The new approach of earthquake prediction[J].Earthquake Research in China,3(1):1-7 (in Chinese).
尹祥础,尹灿.1991.非线性系统失稳的前兆:响应比理论及其应用[J].中国科学(B辑),21(5):512-518.
YIN Xiang-chu,YIN Can.1991.Instability and precursor of nonlinear system-response ratio theory and its application [J].Science in China(Ser B),21(5):512-518(in Chinese).
YIN Xiang-chu,YU Huai-zhong,Kukshenko V,et al.2005.加卸载响应比(LURR)矩/能量加速释放(AM/ER)态矢量:岩石试件破坏前兆的实验研究[J].世界地震译丛,(2):36-43.
YIN Xiang-chu,YU Huai-zhong,Kukshenko V,et al.2005.Load-unload response ratio(LUUR),accelerating moment energy release(AM/ER) and state vector saltation as precursors to failure of rock specimens[J].Translated World Seismology,(2):36-43(in Chinese).
尹祥础,张浪平,张晖辉,等.2008.加卸载响应比20年及其展望[J].国际地震动态,(4):1-17.
YIN Xiang-chu,ZHANG Lang-ping,ZHANG Hui-hui,et al.2008.LURR's twenty years and its Perspective[J].Recent Developments in World Seismology,(4):1-17(in Chinese).
余怀忠,尹祥础,夏蒙棼,等.2003.加卸载响应比(LURR)理论的实验研究[J].中国地震,19(1):58-66.
YU Huai-zhong,YIN Xiang-chu,XIA Meng-fen,et al.2003.Experimental research on the theory of LURR(Load/Unload Response Ratio)[J].Earthquake Research in China,19(1 ):58-66(in Chinese).
余怀忠,尹祥础,梁乃刚.2004.加卸载响应比(LURR)响应量的研究[J].西北地震学报,26(4):298-302.
YU Huai-zhong,YIN Xiang-chu,LIANG Nai-gang.2004.Research on the response of load/unload response ratio[J].
Northwestern Seismological Journal,26(4 ):298-302(in Chinese).
张浪平,尹祥础,梁乃刚.2008.加卸载响应比与损伤变量关系研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,27(9): 1874-1881.
ZHANG Lang-ping,YIN Xiang-chu,LIANG Nai-gang.2008.Study on relation between load/unload response ratio and damage variable[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,27(9):1874-1881(in Chinese).
张昭栋,王秀芹,董守德.1999.加卸载响应比在体应变固体潮中的应用[J].地震,19(3):217-222.
ZHANG Zhao-dong,WANG Xiu-qin,DONG Shou-de.1999.Application of response ratio of load and unload to bulk strain earth tide[J].Earthquake,19(3 ):217-222(in Chinese).
CHEN Xue-zhong,YIN Xiang-chu.1995.Application of the load-unload response ratio theory to the earthquake prediction for reservoir-induced earthquakes[J].Earthquake Research in China,11(4):361-367(in Chinese).
胡先明.2003.大桥水库诱发4.4级水库地震前的地震学异常[J].地震地磁观测与研究,24(3):14-19.
HU Xian-ming.2003.Seismic anomalies before reservoir-induced ML 4.4 earthquake in Daqiao,Sichuan[J].Seismological and Geomagnetic Observayion and Research,24(3):14-19(in Chinese).
胡先明.2004a.冕宁大桥水库诱发地震研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,24(2):88-91.
HU Xian-ming.2004a.Study on induced earthquake of Mianning Daqiao reservoir[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, 24(2):88-91(in Chinese).
胡先明.2004b.大桥水库诱发地震前的小震群[J].四川地震,(2):36-41.
HU Xian-ming.2004b.Small seismic group before an M4.6 induced earthquake near Daqiao Reservoir Dam[J]. Earthquake Research in Sichuan,(2):36-41(in Chinese).
胡先明.2005.大桥水库地震发生前的弱震时空分布[J].大地测量与地球动力学,25(专刊):54-58.
HU Xian-ming.2005.Space-time distribution of weak earthquake in Daqiao[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, 25(special):54-58(in Chinese).
胡先明,叶有清.2005.大桥水库M_S 4.6级诱发地震的初步研究[J].四川地震,(4):25-31.
HU Xian-ming,YE You-qing.2005.Primary study about the induced Ms4.6 Daqiao Reservoir Earthquake[J]. Earthquake Research in Sichuan,(4):25-31(in Chinese).
万永革.2004.关于加卸载响应比理论运用于地震预测的几点思考[J].西北地震学报,26(2):178-182.
WAN Yong-ge.2004.Some considerations on theory of load and unload response ratio and its application in eathquake prediction[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,26(2 ):178-1 82(in Chinese).
谢蓉华,陈农,胡先明.2004.大桥水库诱发地震研究[J].水电站设计,20(4):61-65.
XIE Rong-hua,CHEN Nong,HU Xian-ming.2004.Study on Daqiao reservoir induced earthquakes[J].Design of Hydroelectric Power Station,20(4 ):6 1- 65(in Chinese ).
尹祥础.1987.地震预报新途径探索[J].中国地震,3(1):1-7.
YIN Xiang-Chu.1987.The new approach of earthquake prediction[J].Earthquake Research in China,3(1):1-7 (in Chinese).
尹祥础,尹灿.1991.非线性系统失稳的前兆:响应比理论及其应用[J].中国科学(B辑),21(5):512-518.
YIN Xiang-chu,YIN Can.1991.Instability and precursor of nonlinear system-response ratio theory and its application [J].Science in China(Ser B),21(5):512-518(in Chinese).
YIN Xiang-chu,YU Huai-zhong,Kukshenko V,et al.2005.加卸载响应比(LURR)矩/能量加速释放(AM/ER)态矢量:岩石试件破坏前兆的实验研究[J].世界地震译丛,(2):36-43.
YIN Xiang-chu,YU Huai-zhong,Kukshenko V,et al.2005.Load-unload response ratio(LUUR),accelerating moment energy release(AM/ER) and state vector saltation as precursors to failure of rock specimens[J].Translated World Seismology,(2):36-43(in Chinese).
尹祥础,张浪平,张晖辉,等.2008.加卸载响应比20年及其展望[J].国际地震动态,(4):1-17.
YIN Xiang-chu,ZHANG Lang-ping,ZHANG Hui-hui,et al.2008.LURR's twenty years and its Perspective[J].Recent Developments in World Seismology,(4):1-17(in Chinese).
余怀忠,尹祥础,夏蒙棼,等.2003.加卸载响应比(LURR)理论的实验研究[J].中国地震,19(1):58-66.
YU Huai-zhong,YIN Xiang-chu,XIA Meng-fen,et al.2003.Experimental research on the theory of LURR(Load/Unload Response Ratio)[J].Earthquake Research in China,19(1 ):58-66(in Chinese).
余怀忠,尹祥础,梁乃刚.2004.加卸载响应比(LURR)响应量的研究[J].西北地震学报,26(4):298-302.
YU Huai-zhong,YIN Xiang-chu,LIANG Nai-gang.2004.Research on the response of load/unload response ratio[J].
Northwestern Seismological Journal,26(4 ):298-302(in Chinese).
张浪平,尹祥础,梁乃刚.2008.加卸载响应比与损伤变量关系研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,27(9): 1874-1881.
ZHANG Lang-ping,YIN Xiang-chu,LIANG Nai-gang.2008.Study on relation between load/unload response ratio and damage variable[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,27(9):1874-1881(in Chinese).
张昭栋,王秀芹,董守德.1999.加卸载响应比在体应变固体潮中的应用[J].地震,19(3):217-222.
ZHANG Zhao-dong,WANG Xiu-qin,DONG Shou-de.1999.Application of response ratio of load and unload to bulk strain earth tide[J].Earthquake,19(3 ):217-222(in Chinese).
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