川西坳陷陆相天然气勘探新思考
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摘要
位于龙门山逆冲推覆带前缘的川西坳陷上三叠统—侏罗系为1套陆相致密—超致密碎屑岩含气层系,通过长期勘探,构造及与构造相关的各类复合型圈闭气藏基本探明。通过应用"连续型"气藏理论对该区进行分析,认为川西侏罗系属"远源"气藏,不具备"连续型"气藏成藏条件;须家河组具备"连续型"气藏成藏条件和特征,特别是须五段及部分须四段埋深相对较浅,泥页岩发育,有机质丰度高,成熟度高,生气量大,与砂岩广泛大面积接触,具备页岩气、致密砂岩气并探的优势,剩余勘探潜力巨大,是目前经济技术条件下最现实的开发领域。针对川西须家河组这一老勘探对象,开展"连续型"气藏富集规律研究,利用地质—测井—地震技术联合预测优势,尤其注重依托高精度三维地震资料,开展叠前储层、裂缝和含气性检测新技术的应用,配套先进的钻井、储层改造和保护等工程工艺技术和设施,预期仍然可取得具有重要价值的新突破。
Located on the edge of Longmengshan thrust-napped belt,the western Sichuan Depression from the Upper Triassic to Jurassic is a set of continental tight-super tight gas-bearing clasolite.Long-term exploration has proven structures and various types of composite traps.Applying the theory of continuous gas reservoir to analyze the target zone,it has been found out that Jurassic in the western Sichuan is a "distal" gas pool and does not have continuous gas reservoir forming conditions.The Xujiahe Formation possesses accumulation conditions and characteristics of continuous gas reservoir.This is particularly true for T3x5 and part of T3x4 which are characterized by shallow burial depth,well-developed pelite,high organic richness,high maturity,large amount of gas generation and general contact with sandstone.Therefore,with the advantages of exploration for both shale gas and tight gas,they possess large exploration potential and are the most practical development areas under current economical and technical conditions.In view of the high exploration degree of the Xujiahe Formation,the enrichment regulation study for continuous gas reservoir is carried out by the combined prediction of geology-logging-seismic technologies,especially with the high-precision 3D seismic data.The application of new techniques such as pre-stack reservoir,fracture & gas-bearing property and advanced engineering technologies of drilling,reservoir stimulation and protection is expected to achieve significant breakthroughs.
Located on the edge of Longmengshan thrust-napped belt,the western Sichuan Depression from the Upper Triassic to Jurassic is a set of continental tight-super tight gas-bearing clasolite.Long-term exploration has proven structures and various types of composite traps.Applying the theory of continuous gas reservoir to analyze the target zone,it has been found out that Jurassic in the western Sichuan is a "distal" gas pool and does not have continuous gas reservoir forming conditions.The Xujiahe Formation possesses accumulation conditions and characteristics of continuous gas reservoir.This is particularly true for T3x5 and part of T3x4 which are characterized by shallow burial depth,well-developed pelite,high organic richness,high maturity,large amount of gas generation and general contact with sandstone.Therefore,with the advantages of exploration for both shale gas and tight gas,they possess large exploration potential and are the most practical development areas under current economical and technical conditions.In view of the high exploration degree of the Xujiahe Formation,the enrichment regulation study for continuous gas reservoir is carried out by the combined prediction of geology-logging-seismic technologies,especially with the high-precision 3D seismic data.The application of new techniques such as pre-stack reservoir,fracture & gas-bearing property and advanced engineering technologies of drilling,reservoir stimulation and protection is expected to achieve significant breakthroughs.
引文
[1]蔡希源,杨克明.川西坳陷须家河组致密砂岩气藏[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2011:1-25.
[2]杨克明,徐进.川西坳陷致密碎屑岩领域天然气成藏理论与勘探开发方法技术[M].北京:地质出版社,2004.
[3]蔡希源.深层致密砂岩气藏天然气富集规律与勘探关键技术:以四川盆地川西坳陷须家河组天然气勘探为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(6):707-714.
[4]沈忠民,姜敏,刘四兵,等.四川盆地陆相天然气成因类型划分与对比[J].石油实验地质,2010,32(6):560-565.
[5]唐立章,曹烈,安凤山.川西坳陷油气圈闭类型分析[J].石油实验地质,2004,26(4):328-331.
[6]叶军,陈昭国.川西新场大型气田地质特征与预测关键技术[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(3):384-391.
[7]丛琳,李文龙.鄂尔多斯盆地油、气、煤成藏机理及分布规律[J].科学技术与工程,2010,10(29):7124-7127,7132.
[8]胡文海,陈冬晴.美国油气田分布规律和勘探经验[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1995.
[9]叶军.再议四川盆地西部坳陷深盆气[J].石油实验地质,2008,30(2):109-114.
[10]青永固,罗代富,乐绍东,等.西南石油局志[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,2002:511-552.
[11]杨克明,叶军,吕正祥.川西坳陷上三叠统须家河组天然气分布及成藏特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,25(5):501-505.
[12]杨克明.川西坳陷须家河组天然气成藏模式探讨[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(6):786-793,803.
[13]李嵘,张娣,朱丽霞.四川盆地川西坳陷须家河组砂岩致密化研究[J].石油实验地质,2011,33(3):274-281.
[14]冷济高,杨克明,杨宇.川西坳陷孝泉—丰谷构造带须家河组超压与天然气成藏关系研究[J].石油实验地质,2011,33(6):574-579.
[15]苏永进,唐跃刚,张世华,等.川西坳陷上三叠统天然气成藏主控因素及形成模式[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(1):107-113.
[16]叶军,陈昭国.川西坳陷陆相天然气富集规律[C]//周玉琦.复杂油气田勘探开发技术论文集.北京:石油工业出版社,2003:3-9.
[17]刘树根,曾祥亮,黄文明,等.四川盆地页岩气藏和连续型—非连续型气藏基本特征[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2009,36(6):578-592.
[18]公言杰,邹才能,陶士振.四川盆地须家河组“连续型”大气区形成、分布与评价[C]//中国地球物理学会第二十七届年会论文集.长沙:中国科学技术大学出版社,2011.
[19]邹才能,陶士振,袁选俊,等.“连续型”油气藏及其在全球的重要性:成藏、分布与评价[J].石油勘探与开发,2009,36(6):669-682.
[20]公言杰,邹才能,袁选俊,等.国外“连续型”油气藏研究进展[J].岩性油气藏,2009,21(4):130-134.
[21]李书兵,叶军,陈昭国.川西坳陷碎屑岩大中型气田形成条件[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2005,32(1):41-45.
[22]叶军,曾华盛.川西须家河组泥页岩气成藏条件与勘探潜力[J].天然气工业,2008,28(12):18-25.
[23]赵强,赵路子,田景春,等.川中、川南过渡带须家河组储集砂体成因类型及特征[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2007,27(2):74-81.
[24]雷群,王红岩,赵群,等.国内外非常规油气资源勘探开发现状及建议[J].天然气工业,2008,28(12):7-10.
[25]张金川,姜生玲,唐玄,等.我国页岩气富集类型及资源特点[J].天然气工业,2009,29(12):109-114.
[2]杨克明,徐进.川西坳陷致密碎屑岩领域天然气成藏理论与勘探开发方法技术[M].北京:地质出版社,2004.
[3]蔡希源.深层致密砂岩气藏天然气富集规律与勘探关键技术:以四川盆地川西坳陷须家河组天然气勘探为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(6):707-714.
[4]沈忠民,姜敏,刘四兵,等.四川盆地陆相天然气成因类型划分与对比[J].石油实验地质,2010,32(6):560-565.
[5]唐立章,曹烈,安凤山.川西坳陷油气圈闭类型分析[J].石油实验地质,2004,26(4):328-331.
[6]叶军,陈昭国.川西新场大型气田地质特征与预测关键技术[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(3):384-391.
[7]丛琳,李文龙.鄂尔多斯盆地油、气、煤成藏机理及分布规律[J].科学技术与工程,2010,10(29):7124-7127,7132.
[8]胡文海,陈冬晴.美国油气田分布规律和勘探经验[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1995.
[9]叶军.再议四川盆地西部坳陷深盆气[J].石油实验地质,2008,30(2):109-114.
[10]青永固,罗代富,乐绍东,等.西南石油局志[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,2002:511-552.
[11]杨克明,叶军,吕正祥.川西坳陷上三叠统须家河组天然气分布及成藏特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,25(5):501-505.
[12]杨克明.川西坳陷须家河组天然气成藏模式探讨[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(6):786-793,803.
[13]李嵘,张娣,朱丽霞.四川盆地川西坳陷须家河组砂岩致密化研究[J].石油实验地质,2011,33(3):274-281.
[14]冷济高,杨克明,杨宇.川西坳陷孝泉—丰谷构造带须家河组超压与天然气成藏关系研究[J].石油实验地质,2011,33(6):574-579.
[15]苏永进,唐跃刚,张世华,等.川西坳陷上三叠统天然气成藏主控因素及形成模式[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(1):107-113.
[16]叶军,陈昭国.川西坳陷陆相天然气富集规律[C]//周玉琦.复杂油气田勘探开发技术论文集.北京:石油工业出版社,2003:3-9.
[17]刘树根,曾祥亮,黄文明,等.四川盆地页岩气藏和连续型—非连续型气藏基本特征[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2009,36(6):578-592.
[18]公言杰,邹才能,陶士振.四川盆地须家河组“连续型”大气区形成、分布与评价[C]//中国地球物理学会第二十七届年会论文集.长沙:中国科学技术大学出版社,2011.
[19]邹才能,陶士振,袁选俊,等.“连续型”油气藏及其在全球的重要性:成藏、分布与评价[J].石油勘探与开发,2009,36(6):669-682.
[20]公言杰,邹才能,袁选俊,等.国外“连续型”油气藏研究进展[J].岩性油气藏,2009,21(4):130-134.
[21]李书兵,叶军,陈昭国.川西坳陷碎屑岩大中型气田形成条件[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2005,32(1):41-45.
[22]叶军,曾华盛.川西须家河组泥页岩气成藏条件与勘探潜力[J].天然气工业,2008,28(12):18-25.
[23]赵强,赵路子,田景春,等.川中、川南过渡带须家河组储集砂体成因类型及特征[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2007,27(2):74-81.
[24]雷群,王红岩,赵群,等.国内外非常规油气资源勘探开发现状及建议[J].天然气工业,2008,28(12):7-10.
[25]张金川,姜生玲,唐玄,等.我国页岩气富集类型及资源特点[J].天然气工业,2009,29(12):109-114.
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