滇西北通甸-巍山断裂中段的晚第四纪滑动速率
|
摘要
通甸-巍山断裂属于红河断裂带的分支断裂,目前对该断裂中段的晚第四纪活动特征研究较少。野外地质地貌调查和年代学研究结果表明,通甸-巍山断裂中段是以右旋走滑运动为主,兼有张性正断的全新世活动断裂,其最新活动时代距今约2.2ka。晚更新世中晚期以来断裂中段平均水平滑动速率为1.25mm/a,全新世晚期以来垂直运动趋于增强。该研究不仅为该断裂的地震危险性评价工作提供了基础资料,而且有助于理解川滇菱形块体西南边界构造变形的空间分配特点。
The Tongdian-Weishan Fault is a branch of the Honghe Fault zone,which is the boundary between the Yangtze block and the Indo-China block.Due to the limited field conditions,the study of late Quaternary Fault activity on the mid-segment of this fault is lacking and presently the time of its newest faulting and the Quaternary slip rate are not clear.Our field investigations along the fault between the areas of Yangbi county and Xierhe river,by quantitative geomorphologic deformation measurement and dating of young terrace deposits,indicate that the mid-segment of the Tongdian-Weishan Fault is a Holocene dextral strike-slip fault with the component of normal slip and its newest faulting occurred at 2.2ka BP.The terrace T2,incised during mid-late period of late Pleistocene epoch,was offset by the mid-segment of the Tongdian-Weishan Fault and its right-lateral and vertical displacements are 45m and 6m,respectively.The late-Holocene terrace T1 and the alluvial fan were also displaced with the right-lateral and vertical displacement of 12m and 2m,respectively.The strike-slip rate of the mid-segment of the Tongdian-Weishan Fault is 1.25mm/a since mid-late period of late Pleistocene epoch.The vertical rate becomes obviously stronger from 0.17mm/a of36～2.2ka BP to 0.91mm/a of 2.2ka BP to the present and this tendency is coherent to the character of vertical movement of Northwest Yunnan during the Holocene epoch.The strike-slip rate of the Tongdian-Weishan Fault is only a quarter of the rate of the Zhongdian Fault and Honghe Fault.It may indicate that the pull-apart basins between the Zhongdian Fault zone and Honghe Fault zone,east of the Tongdian-Weishan Fault,absorbed most of the deformation on the southwestern boundary of Sichuan-Yunnan rhombus block,and the Tongdian-Weishan Fault and its pull-apart basins are tributary to this deformation process.This study on the mid-segment of the Tongdian-Weishan Fault will be beneficial not only to provide the elementary data for seismic hazard assessment of this fault,but also to understand the spatial characteristics of distribution of tectonic deformation on the southwestern boundary of Sichuan-Yunnan rhombus block.
The Tongdian-Weishan Fault is a branch of the Honghe Fault zone,which is the boundary between the Yangtze block and the Indo-China block.Due to the limited field conditions,the study of late Quaternary Fault activity on the mid-segment of this fault is lacking and presently the time of its newest faulting and the Quaternary slip rate are not clear.Our field investigations along the fault between the areas of Yangbi county and Xierhe river,by quantitative geomorphologic deformation measurement and dating of young terrace deposits,indicate that the mid-segment of the Tongdian-Weishan Fault is a Holocene dextral strike-slip fault with the component of normal slip and its newest faulting occurred at 2.2ka BP.The terrace T2,incised during mid-late period of late Pleistocene epoch,was offset by the mid-segment of the Tongdian-Weishan Fault and its right-lateral and vertical displacements are 45m and 6m,respectively.The late-Holocene terrace T1 and the alluvial fan were also displaced with the right-lateral and vertical displacement of 12m and 2m,respectively.The strike-slip rate of the mid-segment of the Tongdian-Weishan Fault is 1.25mm/a since mid-late period of late Pleistocene epoch.The vertical rate becomes obviously stronger from 0.17mm/a of36～2.2ka BP to 0.91mm/a of 2.2ka BP to the present and this tendency is coherent to the character of vertical movement of Northwest Yunnan during the Holocene epoch.The strike-slip rate of the Tongdian-Weishan Fault is only a quarter of the rate of the Zhongdian Fault and Honghe Fault.It may indicate that the pull-apart basins between the Zhongdian Fault zone and Honghe Fault zone,east of the Tongdian-Weishan Fault,absorbed most of the deformation on the southwestern boundary of Sichuan-Yunnan rhombus block,and the Tongdian-Weishan Fault and its pull-apart basins are tributary to this deformation process.This study on the mid-segment of the Tongdian-Weishan Fault will be beneficial not only to provide the elementary data for seismic hazard assessment of this fault,but also to understand the spatial characteristics of distribution of tectonic deformation on the southwestern boundary of Sichuan-Yunnan rhombus block.
引文
[1]中国地震局地质研究所,2003,金沙江金安桥水电站工程场地地震安全性评价和水库诱发地震评价报告。
段建中,谭筱虹.2000.滇西三江地区新生代主要走滑断裂性质及特征[J].云南地质,19(1):8—23.DUAN Jian-zhong,TAN Xiao-hong.2000.The nature and feature of Cenozoic main strike-slip fault in the Three-riverarea of west Yunnan[J].Yunnan Geology,19(1):8—23(in Chinese).
国家地震局地质研究所,云南地震局.1990.滇西北地区活动断裂[M].北京:地震出版社.69—128.Institute of Geology,SSB,and Seismological Bureau of Yunnan Province.1990.Active faults in the Northwest YunnanRegion[M].Seismological Press,Beijing,69—128(in Chinese).
韩渭宾,蒋国芳.2004.川滇地区强震活动分布特征及其与地壳块体构造背景关系的研究[J].地震学报,26(2):211—222.HAN Wei-bin,JIANG Guo-fang.2004.Study on distribution characteristics of strong earthquakes in Sichuan-Yunnanarea and their geological tectonic background[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,26(2):211—222(in Chinese).
韩竹军,向宏发,虢顺民.2005.滇西北丽江盆地北部区第四纪时期的左旋剪切拉张[J].科学通报,50(4):356—362.HAN Zhu-jun,XIANG Hong-fa,GUO Shun-min.2005.The Quaternary sinistral shear and tension in the north of theLijiang Basin in the northwestern Yunnan province[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,50(4):356—362(inChinese).
李峰,薛传东.1999.滇西北新生代以来地球动力学背景及其环境影响[J].大地构造与成矿学,23(2):115—122.LI Feng,XUE Chuan-dong.1999.Geodynamic setting since the Cenozoic and its environmental effects in northwestYunnan,China[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,23(2):115—122(in Chinese).
刘俊来,王安建,曹殿华,等.2004.三江造山带后碰撞断裂构造带的结构与演化:以新生代剑川-兰坪盆地为例[J].高校地质学报,10(4):488—499.LIUJun-lai,WANG An-jian,CAO Dian-hua,et al.2004.Structure and evolution of the post-ollisional fault structuresin the Three River Orogenic Belt,exemplified by the Cenozoic Jianchuan-Lanping Basin[J].Geological Journalof China Universities,10(4):488—499(in Chinese).
冉勇康,李祥根,虢顺民,等.1991.大理—丽江地区一些第四纪构造运动现象及认识[A].见:国家地震局地质研究所编.现代地壳运动研究(5).北京:地震出版社.33—43.RAN Yong-kang,LI Xiang-gen,GUO Shun-min,et al.1991.The phenomena and cognitions of some Quaternarytectonic movement in the Dali-Lijiang area[A].In:Institute of Geology SSB(ed).Modern Crustal Movement(5).Seismological Press,Beijing.33—43(in Chinese).
沈军,汪一鹏,任金卫.2001.中国云南德钦-中甸-大具断裂带第四纪右旋走滑运动[A].见:马宗晋等主编.青藏高原岩石圈现今变动与动力学.北京:地震出版社.123—136.SHEN Jun,WANG Yi-peng,REN Jin-wei.2001.The Quaternary right-lateral strike-slipping on the Deqin-Zhongdian-Daju Fault zone in Yunnan,China[A].In:MAZong-jinet al(eds).Study on Recent Deformation and Dynamicsof the Lithosphere of Qinghai-Xizhang Plateau.Seismological Press,Beijing.123—136(in Chinese).
王峰,徐锡伟,郑荣章.2004.用阶地测量方法探讨阿尔金断裂中段全新世滑动速率[J].地震地质,26(1):61—70.WANG Feng,XU Xi-wei,ZHENG Rong-zhang.2004.Study on Holocene strike-slip rates of the Middle Altyn TaghFault by terraces offset Measurement[J].Seismology and Geology,26(1):61—70(in Chinese).
王晋南.1990.通甸-巍山断裂带[A].见:国家地震局地质研究所,云南地震局编.滇西北活动断裂.北京:地震出版社.116—120.WANG Jin-nan.1990.The Tongdian-Weishan fault zone[A].In:Institute of Geology,SSB and Seismological Bureauof Yunnan Province(ed).Active faults in Northwest Yunnan region.Seismological Press,Beijing.116—120(inChinese).
吴中海,赵希涛,吴珍汉,等.2006.西藏当雄-羊八井盆地的第四纪地质与断裂活动研究[J].地质力学学报,12(3):305—316.WUZhong-hai,ZHAO Xi-tao,WUZhen-han,et al.2006.Quaternary geology and faulting in the Damxung-YangbajainBasin,southern Tibet[J].Journal of Geomechanics,12(3):305—316(in Chinese).
向宏发,王春华,刘玉权.1990.第四纪以来的构造应力场[A].见:国家地震局地质研究所,云南地震局编.滇西北活动断裂.北京:地震出版社.183—198.XIANG Hong-fa,WANG Chun-hua,LIU Yu-quan.1990.Tectonic stress field since Quaternary[A].In:Institute ofGeology,SSB and Seismological Bureau of Yunnan Province(ed).Active faults in Northwest Yunnan region.Seismological Press,Beijing.183—198(in Chinese).
徐锡伟,闻学泽,郑荣章,等.2003.川滇地区活动块体最新构造变动样式及其动力来源[J].中国科学(D辑),33(S1):151—161.XU Xi-wei,WEN Xue-ze,ZHENG Rong-zhang,et al.2003.The newest way and force source of active block inSichuan-Yunnan area[J].Science in China(Ser D),33(S1):151—161(in Chinese).
Allen C R,Gillespie A R,Han Yuan,et al.1984.Red River and associated faults,Yunnan Province,China-Quaternarygeology,slip rates,and seismic hazard[J].Geological Society of America Bulletin,95(6):686—700.
Cowgill E.2007.Impact of riser reconstructions on estimation of secular variation in rates of strike-slip faulting:Revisiting the Cherchen River site along the Altyn Tagh Fault,NW China[J].Earth and Planetary ScienceLetters,254:239—255.
Replumaz A,Lacassin R,Tapponnier P,et al.2001.Large river offsets and Plio-Quaternary dextral slip rate on theRed River fault(Yunnan,China)[J].Journal of Geophysical Research-Solid Earth,106(B1):819—836.
Schoenbohm L M,Burchfiel B C,Chen L Z,et al.2006.Miocene to present activity along the Red River fault,China,in the context of continental extrusion,upper-crustal rotation,and lower-crustal flow[J].Geological Society ofAmerica Bulletin,118(5—6):672—688.
Tapponnier P,Lacassin R,Leloup P H,et al.1990.The Ailaoshan-Red River metamorphic belt:Tertiary left-lateralshear between Indochina and South China[J].Nature,343(6257):431—437.
Van Der Woerd J,Ryerson F J,Tapponnier P,et al.1998.Holocene left slip-rate determined by cosmogenic surfacedating on Xidatan segment of the Kunlun Fault(Qinghai,China)[J].Geology,26:2015—2017.
段建中,谭筱虹.2000.滇西三江地区新生代主要走滑断裂性质及特征[J].云南地质,19(1):8—23.DUAN Jian-zhong,TAN Xiao-hong.2000.The nature and feature of Cenozoic main strike-slip fault in the Three-riverarea of west Yunnan[J].Yunnan Geology,19(1):8—23(in Chinese).
国家地震局地质研究所,云南地震局.1990.滇西北地区活动断裂[M].北京:地震出版社.69—128.Institute of Geology,SSB,and Seismological Bureau of Yunnan Province.1990.Active faults in the Northwest YunnanRegion[M].Seismological Press,Beijing,69—128(in Chinese).
韩渭宾,蒋国芳.2004.川滇地区强震活动分布特征及其与地壳块体构造背景关系的研究[J].地震学报,26(2):211—222.HAN Wei-bin,JIANG Guo-fang.2004.Study on distribution characteristics of strong earthquakes in Sichuan-Yunnanarea and their geological tectonic background[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,26(2):211—222(in Chinese).
韩竹军,向宏发,虢顺民.2005.滇西北丽江盆地北部区第四纪时期的左旋剪切拉张[J].科学通报,50(4):356—362.HAN Zhu-jun,XIANG Hong-fa,GUO Shun-min.2005.The Quaternary sinistral shear and tension in the north of theLijiang Basin in the northwestern Yunnan province[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,50(4):356—362(inChinese).
李峰,薛传东.1999.滇西北新生代以来地球动力学背景及其环境影响[J].大地构造与成矿学,23(2):115—122.LI Feng,XUE Chuan-dong.1999.Geodynamic setting since the Cenozoic and its environmental effects in northwestYunnan,China[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,23(2):115—122(in Chinese).
刘俊来,王安建,曹殿华,等.2004.三江造山带后碰撞断裂构造带的结构与演化:以新生代剑川-兰坪盆地为例[J].高校地质学报,10(4):488—499.LIUJun-lai,WANG An-jian,CAO Dian-hua,et al.2004.Structure and evolution of the post-ollisional fault structuresin the Three River Orogenic Belt,exemplified by the Cenozoic Jianchuan-Lanping Basin[J].Geological Journalof China Universities,10(4):488—499(in Chinese).
冉勇康,李祥根,虢顺民,等.1991.大理—丽江地区一些第四纪构造运动现象及认识[A].见:国家地震局地质研究所编.现代地壳运动研究(5).北京:地震出版社.33—43.RAN Yong-kang,LI Xiang-gen,GUO Shun-min,et al.1991.The phenomena and cognitions of some Quaternarytectonic movement in the Dali-Lijiang area[A].In:Institute of Geology SSB(ed).Modern Crustal Movement(5).Seismological Press,Beijing.33—43(in Chinese).
沈军,汪一鹏,任金卫.2001.中国云南德钦-中甸-大具断裂带第四纪右旋走滑运动[A].见:马宗晋等主编.青藏高原岩石圈现今变动与动力学.北京:地震出版社.123—136.SHEN Jun,WANG Yi-peng,REN Jin-wei.2001.The Quaternary right-lateral strike-slipping on the Deqin-Zhongdian-Daju Fault zone in Yunnan,China[A].In:MAZong-jinet al(eds).Study on Recent Deformation and Dynamicsof the Lithosphere of Qinghai-Xizhang Plateau.Seismological Press,Beijing.123—136(in Chinese).
王峰,徐锡伟,郑荣章.2004.用阶地测量方法探讨阿尔金断裂中段全新世滑动速率[J].地震地质,26(1):61—70.WANG Feng,XU Xi-wei,ZHENG Rong-zhang.2004.Study on Holocene strike-slip rates of the Middle Altyn TaghFault by terraces offset Measurement[J].Seismology and Geology,26(1):61—70(in Chinese).
王晋南.1990.通甸-巍山断裂带[A].见:国家地震局地质研究所,云南地震局编.滇西北活动断裂.北京:地震出版社.116—120.WANG Jin-nan.1990.The Tongdian-Weishan fault zone[A].In:Institute of Geology,SSB and Seismological Bureauof Yunnan Province(ed).Active faults in Northwest Yunnan region.Seismological Press,Beijing.116—120(inChinese).
吴中海,赵希涛,吴珍汉,等.2006.西藏当雄-羊八井盆地的第四纪地质与断裂活动研究[J].地质力学学报,12(3):305—316.WUZhong-hai,ZHAO Xi-tao,WUZhen-han,et al.2006.Quaternary geology and faulting in the Damxung-YangbajainBasin,southern Tibet[J].Journal of Geomechanics,12(3):305—316(in Chinese).
向宏发,王春华,刘玉权.1990.第四纪以来的构造应力场[A].见:国家地震局地质研究所,云南地震局编.滇西北活动断裂.北京:地震出版社.183—198.XIANG Hong-fa,WANG Chun-hua,LIU Yu-quan.1990.Tectonic stress field since Quaternary[A].In:Institute ofGeology,SSB and Seismological Bureau of Yunnan Province(ed).Active faults in Northwest Yunnan region.Seismological Press,Beijing.183—198(in Chinese).
徐锡伟,闻学泽,郑荣章,等.2003.川滇地区活动块体最新构造变动样式及其动力来源[J].中国科学(D辑),33(S1):151—161.XU Xi-wei,WEN Xue-ze,ZHENG Rong-zhang,et al.2003.The newest way and force source of active block inSichuan-Yunnan area[J].Science in China(Ser D),33(S1):151—161(in Chinese).
Allen C R,Gillespie A R,Han Yuan,et al.1984.Red River and associated faults,Yunnan Province,China-Quaternarygeology,slip rates,and seismic hazard[J].Geological Society of America Bulletin,95(6):686—700.
Cowgill E.2007.Impact of riser reconstructions on estimation of secular variation in rates of strike-slip faulting:Revisiting the Cherchen River site along the Altyn Tagh Fault,NW China[J].Earth and Planetary ScienceLetters,254:239—255.
Replumaz A,Lacassin R,Tapponnier P,et al.2001.Large river offsets and Plio-Quaternary dextral slip rate on theRed River fault(Yunnan,China)[J].Journal of Geophysical Research-Solid Earth,106(B1):819—836.
Schoenbohm L M,Burchfiel B C,Chen L Z,et al.2006.Miocene to present activity along the Red River fault,China,in the context of continental extrusion,upper-crustal rotation,and lower-crustal flow[J].Geological Society ofAmerica Bulletin,118(5—6):672—688.
Tapponnier P,Lacassin R,Leloup P H,et al.1990.The Ailaoshan-Red River metamorphic belt:Tertiary left-lateralshear between Indochina and South China[J].Nature,343(6257):431—437.
Van Der Woerd J,Ryerson F J,Tapponnier P,et al.1998.Holocene left slip-rate determined by cosmogenic surfacedating on Xidatan segment of the Kunlun Fault(Qinghai,China)[J].Geology,26:2015—2017.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心