小波多尺度分解的振幅谱分维算法油气预测
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摘要
本文结合小波变换理论和分形分维理论,利用小波变换的多尺度分解对地震资料进行分解,选取不同尺度的信息,计算其振幅谱分维数;根据含油气井的振幅谱确定能够反映油气异常信息的标度不变区,在该标度不变区内求分形维数,分维数值越大,说明含油气的可能性越大,据此预测储层的含油气性.实践表明,多尺度分形分维技术能够较准确地反映由地震波形等引起储层和油气层的变化,是一种较好的储层预测和油气预测方法.理论模型和实际资料的处理结果,也得到了明显的改善.
The is single layer is thin and the lithology changes fast in lateral.In order to resolve problem of the oil/gas prediction in the thin sand-body with the seismic properties the paper combines wavelet transforms theory and fractal dimension theory,decompose seismic data by the multi-scale decomposition of wavelet transforms,select different scales,calculate the amplitude spectrum Fractal dimension;Define scale invariant area according to the amplitude spectrum of oil and gas well,then compute the fractal dimension of the scale invariant area,the higher the value of the fractal dimension,the greater the possibility of reservoir oil-bearing property.Hereby,we predicte the reservoir oil-bearing property of the whole work area.The practice shows that the technology of multi-scale fractal dimension can reflect the change of reservoir and oil and gas formation caused by seismic wave form,is a better method of reservoir and oil-bearing property prediction.It get obviously improvement in the processing of theoretical model and real data.
The is single layer is thin and the lithology changes fast in lateral.In order to resolve problem of the oil/gas prediction in the thin sand-body with the seismic properties the paper combines wavelet transforms theory and fractal dimension theory,decompose seismic data by the multi-scale decomposition of wavelet transforms,select different scales,calculate the amplitude spectrum Fractal dimension;Define scale invariant area according to the amplitude spectrum of oil and gas well,then compute the fractal dimension of the scale invariant area,the higher the value of the fractal dimension,the greater the possibility of reservoir oil-bearing property.Hereby,we predicte the reservoir oil-bearing property of the whole work area.The practice shows that the technology of multi-scale fractal dimension can reflect the change of reservoir and oil and gas formation caused by seismic wave form,is a better method of reservoir and oil-bearing property prediction.It get obviously improvement in the processing of theoretical model and real data.
引文
[1]江山,刘国勇,云露.塔河油田奥陶系断裂分形特征及与油气运聚关系[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2010,41(2): 736-741. Jiang S,Liu G Y,Yun L.Fractal feature of fracture system in Tahe Oil Field and its relation to hydrocarbon migration and accumulation[J].Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology)(in Chinese),2010,41(2):736—741.
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[3]田杰,陈杰,张宇河.基于小波变换及分形特征的目标检测与识别[J].北京理工大学学报,2003,23(1):95-99. Tian J,Chen J,Zhang Y H.Target detection and recognition based on wavelet transform and fractal features[J]. Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology(in Chinese), 2003,23(1):95—99.
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[5]李世雄,汪继文.信号的瞬时参数与正交小波基[J].地球物理学报,2000,43(1):97-104. Li S X,Wang J W.Instantaneous parameters of signals and orthogonal bases of wavelets[J],Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2000,43(1):97-104.
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[7]常旭,刘伊克.地震记录的广义分维及其应用[J].地球物理学报,2002,45(6):839-846. Chang X,Liu Y K.The Generalized fractal dimension of seismic records and its applications[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),2002,45(6):839—846.
[8]李志华,刘政锋.储层含油性分析的分形研究[J].油气井测试,2002,11(4):16-17. Li Z H,Liu Z F.A fractal study on analyses of formation oil bearing[J].Well Testing(in Chinese),2002,11(4):16- 17.
[9]吴奎桥,王浒,黄润恒,等.基于小波多分辨率分析方法的海冰遥感影像数据融合[J].遥感学报,2001,5(2):130-134. Wu K Q,Wang H,Huang R H,et al.Sea ice remote sensing image data fusion based on multi- resolution technique by wavelet transform[J],Journal of Remote Sensing(in Chinese),2001,5(2):130-134.
[10]许丹,刘强.基于小波多分辨率分析的高性能X Y工作台故障诊断[J].中国机械工程,2007,18(5):573-576. Xu D,Liu Q.Fault diagnosis based on wavelet multiresolution analysis for high performance XY-stage[J]. Chinese Mechanical Engineering(in Chinese),2007,18(5): 573-576.
[11]Mallat S,Hwang W L.Singularity detection and processing with wavelets[J].IEEE Trans.on Information Theory, 1992,38(2):617-643.
[12]Mallat S G.A theory for multi resolution signal decomposition the wavelet representation[J].IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 1989,11(7):674-693.
[13]马振国,李鹏,杨以涵,等.基于小波多分辨率分析法的电能质量检测[J].华北电力大学学报,2003,30(3):13-16. Ma Z G,Li P,Yang Y H,et al.Power quality detecting based on wavelet-multiresolution method[J].Journal of North China Electric Power University(in Chinese),2003, 30(3):13-16.
[14]Todoeschuek J P,Jensen O G.Joseph geology and seismic deconvolution[J].Geophysics,1988,53(11):1410-1414.
[15]Eckmann J P,Ruelle D.Fundamental limitations for estimating dimensions and Lyapunov exponents in dynamical systems[J].Physical,1992,56-D(2-3):185-187.
[16]Frandrin P.Wavelet analysis and synthesis of fractional Brownian motion[J].IEEE Trans.,IT,1992,38(2):910- 917.
[17]Perez-Lopez,Paredes C,Munoz-Martin A.Relationship between the fractal dimension anisotropy of the spatial faults distribution and the paleostress fields on a Variscan granitic massif(Central Spain):the F-parameter[J].Journal of Structural Geology,2005,27(4):663-677.
[18]Henegan C,Lowen S B,Teich M C.Two dimensional fractional Brownian motion:wavelet analysis and synthesis [A].In:Proc.IEEE Southwest Syml.Image Analysis and Interpretation^].New York,1996,213-217.
[19]Tewqik A H,Kim M.Correlation structure of the discrete wavelet coefficients of fractional Brownian motion[J].IEEE Trans.,IT,1992,38(2):904-909.
[20]Turcotte D L.Fractals and Chaos in Geology and Geophysics [M/OL].New York:Cambridge University Press,1997.
[21]Jiang W D.Fractal character of lenticles and its influence on sediment state in tailings dam[J],Journal of Central South University of Technology,2005,12(6):753-756.
[22]Eckmann J P,Ruelle D.Fundamental limitations for estimating dimension and lyapunov exponents in dynamical systems[J].Physical,1992,56-D(2-3) 185-187.(本条文献与第15条重复,请核查)
[23]饶华,李建民,孙夕平.利用分形理论预测潜山储层裂缝的分布[J].石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(1):98-103. Rao H,Li J M,Sun X P.Using fractal theory to predict distribution of fracture in buried hill reservoir[J],Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),2009,44(1):98- 103.
[2]孙军昌,周洪涛,郭和坤,等.复杂储层岩石微观非均质性分形几何描述[J].武汉工业学院学报,2009,28(3):42-46. Zhang J C,Zhou H T,Guo H K,et al.Characterization of complex rock micro-heterogeneity using fractal geometry[J]. Journal of Wuhan Polytechnic University(in Chinese),2009, 28(3):42-46.
[3]田杰,陈杰,张宇河.基于小波变换及分形特征的目标检测与识别[J].北京理工大学学报,2003,23(1):95-99. Tian J,Chen J,Zhang Y H.Target detection and recognition based on wavelet transform and fractal features[J]. Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology(in Chinese), 2003,23(1):95—99.
[4]白泉,鲍文博,金生吉.基于小波变换的地震波时变功率谱估计[J].沈阳工业大学学报,2010,32(3):342-348. Bai Q,Bao W B,Jin S J.Estimation of time-dependent power spectral density of seismic wave Based on wavelet transform [J].Journal of Shenyang University of Technology(in Chinese),2010,32(3):342-348.
[5]李世雄,汪继文.信号的瞬时参数与正交小波基[J].地球物理学报,2000,43(1):97-104. Li S X,Wang J W.Instantaneous parameters of signals and orthogonal bases of wavelets[J],Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2000,43(1):97-104.
[6]常旭,刘伊克.Hausdorff分数维识别地震道初至走时[J].地球物理学报,1998,41(6):826-832. Chang X,Liu Y K.Distinguishing seismic first break by means of hausdorff fractal dimension[J].Acta Geophysica Sinica(in Chinese),1998,41(6):826-832.
[7]常旭,刘伊克.地震记录的广义分维及其应用[J].地球物理学报,2002,45(6):839-846. Chang X,Liu Y K.The Generalized fractal dimension of seismic records and its applications[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),2002,45(6):839—846.
[8]李志华,刘政锋.储层含油性分析的分形研究[J].油气井测试,2002,11(4):16-17. Li Z H,Liu Z F.A fractal study on analyses of formation oil bearing[J].Well Testing(in Chinese),2002,11(4):16- 17.
[9]吴奎桥,王浒,黄润恒,等.基于小波多分辨率分析方法的海冰遥感影像数据融合[J].遥感学报,2001,5(2):130-134. Wu K Q,Wang H,Huang R H,et al.Sea ice remote sensing image data fusion based on multi- resolution technique by wavelet transform[J],Journal of Remote Sensing(in Chinese),2001,5(2):130-134.
[10]许丹,刘强.基于小波多分辨率分析的高性能X Y工作台故障诊断[J].中国机械工程,2007,18(5):573-576. Xu D,Liu Q.Fault diagnosis based on wavelet multiresolution analysis for high performance XY-stage[J]. Chinese Mechanical Engineering(in Chinese),2007,18(5): 573-576.
[11]Mallat S,Hwang W L.Singularity detection and processing with wavelets[J].IEEE Trans.on Information Theory, 1992,38(2):617-643.
[12]Mallat S G.A theory for multi resolution signal decomposition the wavelet representation[J].IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 1989,11(7):674-693.
[13]马振国,李鹏,杨以涵,等.基于小波多分辨率分析法的电能质量检测[J].华北电力大学学报,2003,30(3):13-16. Ma Z G,Li P,Yang Y H,et al.Power quality detecting based on wavelet-multiresolution method[J].Journal of North China Electric Power University(in Chinese),2003, 30(3):13-16.
[14]Todoeschuek J P,Jensen O G.Joseph geology and seismic deconvolution[J].Geophysics,1988,53(11):1410-1414.
[15]Eckmann J P,Ruelle D.Fundamental limitations for estimating dimensions and Lyapunov exponents in dynamical systems[J].Physical,1992,56-D(2-3):185-187.
[16]Frandrin P.Wavelet analysis and synthesis of fractional Brownian motion[J].IEEE Trans.,IT,1992,38(2):910- 917.
[17]Perez-Lopez,Paredes C,Munoz-Martin A.Relationship between the fractal dimension anisotropy of the spatial faults distribution and the paleostress fields on a Variscan granitic massif(Central Spain):the F-parameter[J].Journal of Structural Geology,2005,27(4):663-677.
[18]Henegan C,Lowen S B,Teich M C.Two dimensional fractional Brownian motion:wavelet analysis and synthesis [A].In:Proc.IEEE Southwest Syml.Image Analysis and Interpretation^].New York,1996,213-217.
[19]Tewqik A H,Kim M.Correlation structure of the discrete wavelet coefficients of fractional Brownian motion[J].IEEE Trans.,IT,1992,38(2):904-909.
[20]Turcotte D L.Fractals and Chaos in Geology and Geophysics [M/OL].New York:Cambridge University Press,1997.
[21]Jiang W D.Fractal character of lenticles and its influence on sediment state in tailings dam[J],Journal of Central South University of Technology,2005,12(6):753-756.
[22]Eckmann J P,Ruelle D.Fundamental limitations for estimating dimension and lyapunov exponents in dynamical systems[J].Physical,1992,56-D(2-3) 185-187.(本条文献与第15条重复,请核查)
[23]饶华,李建民,孙夕平.利用分形理论预测潜山储层裂缝的分布[J].石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(1):98-103. Rao H,Li J M,Sun X P.Using fractal theory to predict distribution of fracture in buried hill reservoir[J],Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),2009,44(1):98- 103.
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