优化滤波方法及其在中国大陆布格重力异常数据处理中的应用
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摘要
在优选延拓法的理论基础上,研究提出基于格林等效层概念和维纳滤波器的优化滤波法,用于对重力异常数据进行去噪和分离.与传统向上延拓法和优选延拓法相比,优化滤波法分离异常与延拓高度无关,不需要已知延拓高度,具有一定的优势.理论重力模型数据的去噪和异常分离试验表明优化滤波法有效,异常分离效果优于传统向上延拓法和带通滤波法.利用优化滤波法对中国大陆重力异常数据去噪和异常分离,得到有效的布格重力异常和区域重力异常.以中国大陆深地震探测推断的莫霍面深度信息为约束,对区域重力异常数据进行密度界面约束反演,得到中国大陆莫霍面深度分布.本文方法为中国大陆深部探测和区域构造研究提供一定的技术支撑.
We presented the preferential filtering method for denoising and anomaly separation of gravity data based on Green′s equivalent-layer concept and Wiener filter.Compared to the conventional upward continuation and the preferential continuation,the preferential filtering method has the advantage of no requirement of continuation height.The data test on the synthetic gravity data showed that the preferential filtering method produced better separation of gravity anomaly than both the band-pass filtering and the conventional upward continuation.We then used the preferential filtering method to suppress the noise in the Bouguer gravity anomaly data of Chinese continent and separate the regional gravity anomaly.Then with constraints of the scattered Moho depth information deduced from the deep seismic detection,the regional gravity anomaly was inversed to obtain the Moho depth distribution of the whole Chinese continent.The preferential filtering method provides technique support for the deep detection and tectonic study of Chinese continent.
We presented the preferential filtering method for denoising and anomaly separation of gravity data based on Green′s equivalent-layer concept and Wiener filter.Compared to the conventional upward continuation and the preferential continuation,the preferential filtering method has the advantage of no requirement of continuation height.The data test on the synthetic gravity data showed that the preferential filtering method produced better separation of gravity anomaly than both the band-pass filtering and the conventional upward continuation.We then used the preferential filtering method to suppress the noise in the Bouguer gravity anomaly data of Chinese continent and separate the regional gravity anomaly.Then with constraints of the scattered Moho depth information deduced from the deep seismic detection,the regional gravity anomaly was inversed to obtain the Moho depth distribution of the whole Chinese continent.The preferential filtering method provides technique support for the deep detection and tectonic study of Chinese continent.
引文
[1]Spector A,Grant F S.Statistical models for interpretingaeromagnetic data.Geophysics,1970,35(2):293-302.
[2]侯重初.补偿圆滑滤波方法.石油物探,1981,(2):22-29.Hou Z C.Filtering of smooth compensation.GeophysicalProspecting for Petroleum(in Chinese),1981,(2):22-29.
[3]安玉林,管志宁.滤除高频干扰的正则化稳定因子.物探化探计算技术,1985,7(1):13-23.An Y L,Guan Z N.The regularized stable factors ofremoving high frequency disturbances.Computing Techniquesfor Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration(in Chinese),1985,7(1):13-23.
[4]Pwalowski R S,Hansen R O.Gravity anomaly separation byWiener filtering.Geophysics,1990,55(5):539-548.
[5]Pwalowski R S.Green′s equivalent-layer concept in gravityband-pass filter design.Geophysics,1994,55(5):69-76.
[6]侯遵泽,杨文采.中国重力异常的小波变换与多尺度分析.地球物理学报,1997,40(1):85-95.Hou Z Z,Yang W C.Wavelet transform and multi-scaleanalysis on gravity anomalies of China.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1997,40(1):85-95.
[7]Fedi M,Quarta T.Wavelet analysis for the regional-residualand local separation of potential field anomalies.GeophysicalProspecting,1998,46(5):507-525.
[8]杨文采,施志群,侯遵泽等.离散小波变换与重力异常多重分解.地球物理学报,2001,44(4):534-541.Yang W C,Shi Z Q,Hou Z Z,et al.Discrete wavelettransform for multiple decomposition of gravity anomalies.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2001,44(4):534-541.
[9]Nikitin A A,Vasov O K,Belov A P,et al.Vozmozhnostikompleksnoy geofizicheskoy interpretatsii na baze entropiynogo fil′tra.Izvestiya Akademii Nauk Turkmenskoy SSR.SeriyaFiziko-Tekhnicheskikh,Khimicheskikhi Geologicheskikh Nauk(in Russia),1984,2:79-82.
[10]郭良辉,孟小红,石磊.磁异常ΔT三维相关成像.地球物理学报,2010,53(2):435-441.Guo L H,Meng X H,Shi L.3Dcorrelation imaging formagnetic anomalyΔT data.Chinese J.Geophys.(inChinese),2010,53(2):435-441.
[11]Keating P,Pinet N.Use of non-linear filtering for theregional-residual separation of potential field data.Journal ofApplied Geophysics,2011,73(4):315-322.
[12]Pwalowski R S.Preferential continuation for potential-fieldanomaly enhancement.Geophysics,1995,60(2):390-398.
[13]Zeng H,Xu D,Tan H.A model study for estimatingoptimum upward-continuation height for gravity separationwith application to a Bouguer gravity anomaly over a mineraldeposit,Jilin province,northeast China.Geophysics,2008,72(4):145-150.
[14]许德树,曾华霖.优选延拓技术及其在中国布格重力异常图处理上的应用.现代地质,2000,14(2):215-222.Xu D S,Zeng H L.Preferential continuation and itsapplication to Bouguer gravity anomaly in China.Geoscience(in Chinese),2000,14(2):215-222.
[15]Meng X H,Guo L H,Chen Z X,et al.A method for gravityanomaly separation based on preferential continuation and itsapplication.Applied Geophysics,2009,6(3):217-225.
[16]郭良辉,孟小红,陈召曦.优选向上延拓及其延拓高度估计.CPS/SEG Beijing 2009International Geophysical Conference&Exposition,2009,ID1164.Guo L H,Meng X H,Chen Z X.Preferential upwardcontinuation and the estimation of its continuation height.CPS/SEG Beijing 2009International Geophysical Conference&Exposition,2009,ID1164.
[17]Naidu P.Spectrum of the potential field due to randomlydistributed sources.Geophysics,1968,33(2):337-345.
[18]Dampney C N G.The equivalent source technique.Geophysics,1969,34(1):39-53.
[19]Wiener N.Extrapolation,interpolation,and smoothing ofstationary time series.New York:John Wiley&Sons Inc,1949.
[20]Clarke G K C.Optimum second-derivative and downwardcontinuation filters.Geophysics,1969,34(3):424-437.
[21]Boler F M.Aeromagnetic measurements,magnetic sourcedepths,and the Curie point isotherm in the Vale-Owyhee,Oregon[Master thesis].Corvallis:Oregon State University,1978.
[22]Connard G,Couch R,Gemperle M.Analysis of aeromagneticmeasurements from the Cascade Range in central Oregon.Geophysics,1983,48(3):376-390.
[23]张明华,张家强.现代卫星测高重力异常分辨能力分析及在海洋资源调查中应用.物探与化探,2005,29(4):295-298,303.Zhang M H,Zhang J Q.Resolution of modern satellitealtimetric gravity anomaly and its application to marinegeological survey.Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration(in Chinese),2005,29(4):295-298,303.
[24]杨金玉,张训华,张菲菲等.EGM2008地球重力模型数据在中国大陆地区的精度分析.地球物理学进展,2012,27(4):1298-1306.Yang J Y,Zhang X H,Zhang F F,et al.On the accuracy ofEGM2008earth gravitational model in Chinese Mainland.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2012,27(4):1298-1306.
[25]袁学诚.中国地球物理图集.北京:地质出版社,1996.Yuan X C.Chinese Geophysical Atlas(in Chinese).Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1996.
[26]杨永.利用重、磁异常研究东海南部中生界分布[硕士论文].西安:长安大学,2010.Yang Y.Research on Mesozoic strata in the southern part ofeast China sea by gravity and magnetic anomalies[Masterthesis](in Chinese).Xi′an:Chang′an University,2010.
[27]熊小松.中国大陆莫霍面深度与变化特征及其地球动力学意义[博士论文].北京:中国地质科学院,2010.Xiong X S.Moho depth and variation of the continent inChina and its geodynamic implications[Ph.D.thesis](inChinese).Beijing:China Academy of Geological Science,2010.
[28]Li S,Mooney W D,Fan J.Crustal structure of mainlandChina from deep seismic sounding data.Tectonophysics,420(1-2):239-252.
[2]侯重初.补偿圆滑滤波方法.石油物探,1981,(2):22-29.Hou Z C.Filtering of smooth compensation.GeophysicalProspecting for Petroleum(in Chinese),1981,(2):22-29.
[3]安玉林,管志宁.滤除高频干扰的正则化稳定因子.物探化探计算技术,1985,7(1):13-23.An Y L,Guan Z N.The regularized stable factors ofremoving high frequency disturbances.Computing Techniquesfor Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration(in Chinese),1985,7(1):13-23.
[4]Pwalowski R S,Hansen R O.Gravity anomaly separation byWiener filtering.Geophysics,1990,55(5):539-548.
[5]Pwalowski R S.Green′s equivalent-layer concept in gravityband-pass filter design.Geophysics,1994,55(5):69-76.
[6]侯遵泽,杨文采.中国重力异常的小波变换与多尺度分析.地球物理学报,1997,40(1):85-95.Hou Z Z,Yang W C.Wavelet transform and multi-scaleanalysis on gravity anomalies of China.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1997,40(1):85-95.
[7]Fedi M,Quarta T.Wavelet analysis for the regional-residualand local separation of potential field anomalies.GeophysicalProspecting,1998,46(5):507-525.
[8]杨文采,施志群,侯遵泽等.离散小波变换与重力异常多重分解.地球物理学报,2001,44(4):534-541.Yang W C,Shi Z Q,Hou Z Z,et al.Discrete wavelettransform for multiple decomposition of gravity anomalies.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2001,44(4):534-541.
[9]Nikitin A A,Vasov O K,Belov A P,et al.Vozmozhnostikompleksnoy geofizicheskoy interpretatsii na baze entropiynogo fil′tra.Izvestiya Akademii Nauk Turkmenskoy SSR.SeriyaFiziko-Tekhnicheskikh,Khimicheskikhi Geologicheskikh Nauk(in Russia),1984,2:79-82.
[10]郭良辉,孟小红,石磊.磁异常ΔT三维相关成像.地球物理学报,2010,53(2):435-441.Guo L H,Meng X H,Shi L.3Dcorrelation imaging formagnetic anomalyΔT data.Chinese J.Geophys.(inChinese),2010,53(2):435-441.
[11]Keating P,Pinet N.Use of non-linear filtering for theregional-residual separation of potential field data.Journal ofApplied Geophysics,2011,73(4):315-322.
[12]Pwalowski R S.Preferential continuation for potential-fieldanomaly enhancement.Geophysics,1995,60(2):390-398.
[13]Zeng H,Xu D,Tan H.A model study for estimatingoptimum upward-continuation height for gravity separationwith application to a Bouguer gravity anomaly over a mineraldeposit,Jilin province,northeast China.Geophysics,2008,72(4):145-150.
[14]许德树,曾华霖.优选延拓技术及其在中国布格重力异常图处理上的应用.现代地质,2000,14(2):215-222.Xu D S,Zeng H L.Preferential continuation and itsapplication to Bouguer gravity anomaly in China.Geoscience(in Chinese),2000,14(2):215-222.
[15]Meng X H,Guo L H,Chen Z X,et al.A method for gravityanomaly separation based on preferential continuation and itsapplication.Applied Geophysics,2009,6(3):217-225.
[16]郭良辉,孟小红,陈召曦.优选向上延拓及其延拓高度估计.CPS/SEG Beijing 2009International Geophysical Conference&Exposition,2009,ID1164.Guo L H,Meng X H,Chen Z X.Preferential upwardcontinuation and the estimation of its continuation height.CPS/SEG Beijing 2009International Geophysical Conference&Exposition,2009,ID1164.
[17]Naidu P.Spectrum of the potential field due to randomlydistributed sources.Geophysics,1968,33(2):337-345.
[18]Dampney C N G.The equivalent source technique.Geophysics,1969,34(1):39-53.
[19]Wiener N.Extrapolation,interpolation,and smoothing ofstationary time series.New York:John Wiley&Sons Inc,1949.
[20]Clarke G K C.Optimum second-derivative and downwardcontinuation filters.Geophysics,1969,34(3):424-437.
[21]Boler F M.Aeromagnetic measurements,magnetic sourcedepths,and the Curie point isotherm in the Vale-Owyhee,Oregon[Master thesis].Corvallis:Oregon State University,1978.
[22]Connard G,Couch R,Gemperle M.Analysis of aeromagneticmeasurements from the Cascade Range in central Oregon.Geophysics,1983,48(3):376-390.
[23]张明华,张家强.现代卫星测高重力异常分辨能力分析及在海洋资源调查中应用.物探与化探,2005,29(4):295-298,303.Zhang M H,Zhang J Q.Resolution of modern satellitealtimetric gravity anomaly and its application to marinegeological survey.Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration(in Chinese),2005,29(4):295-298,303.
[24]杨金玉,张训华,张菲菲等.EGM2008地球重力模型数据在中国大陆地区的精度分析.地球物理学进展,2012,27(4):1298-1306.Yang J Y,Zhang X H,Zhang F F,et al.On the accuracy ofEGM2008earth gravitational model in Chinese Mainland.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2012,27(4):1298-1306.
[25]袁学诚.中国地球物理图集.北京:地质出版社,1996.Yuan X C.Chinese Geophysical Atlas(in Chinese).Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1996.
[26]杨永.利用重、磁异常研究东海南部中生界分布[硕士论文].西安:长安大学,2010.Yang Y.Research on Mesozoic strata in the southern part ofeast China sea by gravity and magnetic anomalies[Masterthesis](in Chinese).Xi′an:Chang′an University,2010.
[27]熊小松.中国大陆莫霍面深度与变化特征及其地球动力学意义[博士论文].北京:中国地质科学院,2010.Xiong X S.Moho depth and variation of the continent inChina and its geodynamic implications[Ph.D.thesis](inChinese).Beijing:China Academy of Geological Science,2010.
[28]Li S,Mooney W D,Fan J.Crustal structure of mainlandChina from deep seismic sounding data.Tectonophysics,420(1-2):239-252.
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