一种优化数据量以提高地震速度分析精度的方法
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摘要
地震速度分析贯穿于地震资料处理的整个过程,速度分析的精度影响到最终地震成像的质量。当地震资料覆盖次数不高或信噪比较低时,地震速度谱能量团发散,这种情况下常采用多面元组合的方式来增加参与速度分析的数据量。通过对速度分析数据量及数据面元大小的影响进行分析,提出了采用椭圆形数据面元组合方式优化参与速度分析的数据量,消除远离速度分析中心点数据的各向异性对速度分析精度的影响,从而提高中深层速度分析精度的方法。将该方法应用于胜利油田济阳坳陷实际资料处理,在一定程度上提高了速度分析的精度。
The whole seismic data processing needs velocity analysis,and the precision of velocity analysis impacts the final quality of seismic imaging.When the fold is not high or the S/N is low,the energy group of seismic velocity spectrum is scattered.In this condition,multi-bin array is often used to increase the data quantity of velocity analysis.By analyzing the influence of data quantity and the data bin size,we proposed to adopt ellipse data bin array to optimize the data quantity participating in velocity analysis and eliminate the influence of the anisotropy of the data away from central point on the precision of velocity analysis.By this means,the precision of velocity analysis in middle-deep layers can be improved.The method was applied to the actual data processing and the precision of velocity analysis was increased to some degree.
The whole seismic data processing needs velocity analysis,and the precision of velocity analysis impacts the final quality of seismic imaging.When the fold is not high or the S/N is low,the energy group of seismic velocity spectrum is scattered.In this condition,multi-bin array is often used to increase the data quantity of velocity analysis.By analyzing the influence of data quantity and the data bin size,we proposed to adopt ellipse data bin array to optimize the data quantity participating in velocity analysis and eliminate the influence of the anisotropy of the data away from central point on the precision of velocity analysis.By this means,the precision of velocity analysis in middle-deep layers can be improved.The method was applied to the actual data processing and the precision of velocity analysis was increased to some degree.
引文
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[9]郭树祥.叠前地震数据优化处理技术分析[J].石油物探,2006,45(5):497-502Guo S X.Analysis of pre-stack seismic data optimi-zation technology[J].Geophysical Prospecting forPetroleum,2006,45(5):497-502
[10]张军华.关于几种速度分析方法的讨论及效果分析[J].石油物探,2009,48(4):347-353Zhang J H.Discussions on several velocity analysismethod and effect analysis[J].Geophysical Prospec-ting for Petroleum,2009,48(4):347-353
[11]张军华.高密度资料面元细分与速度分析关系研究[J].地球物理学进展,2009,24(6):2079-2086Zhang J H.High-density material unit of area seg-mentation and velocity analysis relations study[J].The Geophysics Progresses,2009,24(6):2079-2086
[12]狄帮让,熊金良,岳英,等.面元大小对地震成像分辨率的影响分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(4):363-368Di B R,Xiong J L,Yue Y,et al.Panel analysis of sizeeffect on seismic imaging resolution[J].PetroleumGeophysical Exploration,2006,41(4):363-368
[13]吴国忱.各向异性介质地震波传播与成像[M].山东:石油大学出版社,2006:238-270Wu G C.Seismic wave propagation and imaging inanisotropic media[M].Shandong:Petroleum Uni-versity Press,2006:238-270
[14]彭波,郭树祥.高分辨率资料处理[J].勘探地球物理进展,2004,27(4):415-421Peng B,Guo S X.High resolution data processing[J].Progress in Geophysical Exploration,2004,27(4):415-421
[15]王西文,刘全新,吕焕通,等.相对保幅的地震资料连片处理方法研究[J].石油物探,2006,45(2):105-120Wang X W,Liu Q X,Lv H T,et al.Even relativelypreserved-amplitude seismic data processing method[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2006,45(2):105-120
[2]渥.伊尔马滋.地震资料分析[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2006:581-590Yiermaz O.Seismic data analysis[M].Beijing:Petro-leum Industry Press,2006:581-590
[3]李振春.地震成像理论与方法[M].山东:石油大学出版社,2004:123-129Li Z C.Seismic imaging theory and method[M].Shandong:Petroleum University Press,2004:123-129
[4]郭刚明,郭树祥,李建明,等.四阶速度分析与动校正方法及应用效果分析[J].油气地质与采收率,2003,10(2):38-40Guo G M,Guo S X,Li J M,et al.Velocity analysisand dynamic correction method and its applicationeffect analysis[J].Geology and Oil and Gas Recov-ery,2003,10(2):38-40
[5]谭胜章,杜惠平,宋国良,等.高精度三维地震资料采集技术[J].石油物探,2007,47(1):74-80Tan S Z,Du H P,Song G L,et al.High precision ofthree-dimensional seismic data acquisition technolo-gies[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2007,47(1):74-80
[6]王西文,赵邦六.地震资料采集方式对地震处理的影响研究[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(3):840-852Wang X W,Zhao B L.Study on seismic processingof seismic data acquisition[J].Progress in Geophys-ics,2010,25(3):840-852
[7]郭树祥.高分辨率地震资料处理中的优化速度分析方法[J].石油物探,2004,43(1):80-82Guo S X.Speed optimization in high resolution seis-mic data processing methods of analysis[J].Peo-physical Prospecting for Petroleum,2004,43(1):80-82
[8]李振春,郭朝斌.论碳酸盐岩探区时间域速度分析[J].地球物理学进展,2011,26(2):549-556Li Z C,Guo C B.Speed on carbonate rock formationin time domain analysis[J].Progress in Geophysics,2011,26(2):549-556
[9]郭树祥.叠前地震数据优化处理技术分析[J].石油物探,2006,45(5):497-502Guo S X.Analysis of pre-stack seismic data optimi-zation technology[J].Geophysical Prospecting forPetroleum,2006,45(5):497-502
[10]张军华.关于几种速度分析方法的讨论及效果分析[J].石油物探,2009,48(4):347-353Zhang J H.Discussions on several velocity analysismethod and effect analysis[J].Geophysical Prospec-ting for Petroleum,2009,48(4):347-353
[11]张军华.高密度资料面元细分与速度分析关系研究[J].地球物理学进展,2009,24(6):2079-2086Zhang J H.High-density material unit of area seg-mentation and velocity analysis relations study[J].The Geophysics Progresses,2009,24(6):2079-2086
[12]狄帮让,熊金良,岳英,等.面元大小对地震成像分辨率的影响分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(4):363-368Di B R,Xiong J L,Yue Y,et al.Panel analysis of sizeeffect on seismic imaging resolution[J].PetroleumGeophysical Exploration,2006,41(4):363-368
[13]吴国忱.各向异性介质地震波传播与成像[M].山东:石油大学出版社,2006:238-270Wu G C.Seismic wave propagation and imaging inanisotropic media[M].Shandong:Petroleum Uni-versity Press,2006:238-270
[14]彭波,郭树祥.高分辨率资料处理[J].勘探地球物理进展,2004,27(4):415-421Peng B,Guo S X.High resolution data processing[J].Progress in Geophysical Exploration,2004,27(4):415-421
[15]王西文,刘全新,吕焕通,等.相对保幅的地震资料连片处理方法研究[J].石油物探,2006,45(2):105-120Wang X W,Liu Q X,Lv H T,et al.Even relativelypreserved-amplitude seismic data processing method[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2006,45(2):105-120
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