多震相在近震体波层析成像中的应用
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摘要
近震体波层析成像方法利用地震波走时来反演地下结构,这需要观测到时准确。在实际情况中,观测到时或多或少包含一定的误差,包括人为误差、仪器误差(如钟差)等。本文提出了一种新的近震体波层析成像方法,来消除随时间积累的误差对反演结果的影响,并验证了该方法的正确性和可行性。
Seismic body-wave tomography on the local scale is a technique of imaging 3-D velocity and/or attenuation structure of the Earth,according to minimum principle of difference between theory arrival time and observe arrival time.Hence,the accuracy of observe arrival time is very important to this technique.In practice,observe arrival time include more or less error,such as artificial error,instrumental error,among which some error is a value which increase with increasing of time.The paper propose a new technique,which can eliminate an effect of the value which increase with increasing of time on the inversion results,and validate the correctness and feasibility of this technique.
Seismic body-wave tomography on the local scale is a technique of imaging 3-D velocity and/or attenuation structure of the Earth,according to minimum principle of difference between theory arrival time and observe arrival time.Hence,the accuracy of observe arrival time is very important to this technique.In practice,observe arrival time include more or less error,such as artificial error,instrumental error,among which some error is a value which increase with increasing of time.The paper propose a new technique,which can eliminate an effect of the value which increase with increasing of time on the inversion results,and validate the correctness and feasibility of this technique.
引文
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[6]Zhao DP.Global tomographic images of mantle plumes and subducting slabs:Insight into deep Earth dynamics[J].Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors,2004,l46(1-2):3-34.
[7]白超英,黄国妖,李忠生.三维复杂层状介质中多震相走时联合反演成像[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(1):182-192.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.01.019.Bai CY,Huang GJ,Li ZS.Simultaneous inversion combining multiple-phase travel times within3D complex layered media[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2011,54(1):182-192,DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.01.019.
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[12]朱露培,曾融生,刘福田.一种新的三维速度结构反演构型参数化[J].地球物理学报,1990,33(1):34-43.Zhu LP,Zeng RS,Liu FT.A new model parameterization method for inversion of3-Dimensional velocity structure[J].Chinese journal of Geophysics,1990,33(1):34-43.
[13]Dziewonski MA.Mapping the lower mantle:Determination of lateral heterogeneity in P velocity up to degree and order6[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1984,89(B7):5929-5952.
[14]Thurber HC.Earthquake locations and three-dimensional crustal structure in the Coyote Lake area,central California[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1983,88(B10):8226-8236.
[15]Aki K,Lee WK.Determination of three-dimensional velocity anomalies under a seismic array using first P arrival times from local earthquakes-1.A homogeneous initial model[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1976,81(23):4381-4399.
[16]Aki K,Christoffersson A,Husebye ES.Determination of the three-dimensional seismic structure of the lithosphere[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1977,82(B2):277-296.
[17]Paige CC,Saunders AM.LSQR:An algorithm for sparse linear equations and sparse least squares[J].ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software.Association for Computing Machinery,1982,8(1):43-71.
[18]Zhao DP,Kanamori H.The1994Northridge earthquake:3-D crustal structure in the rupture zone and its relation to the aftershock locations and mechanisms[J].Geophysical Research Letters,1995:22(7):763-766.
[19]和锐,杨建思,张翼.新疆巴楚-伽师地区上地壳三维速度层析成像[J].西北地震学报,2010,32(2):139-143,149.He R,Yang JS,Zhang Y.Tomographic determination of the upper crustal structure in Bachu-Jiashi area,Xinjiang[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2010,32(2):139-143,149.
[2]Wolfe CJ.On the mathematics of using difference operators to relocate earthquakes[J].Bulletin of the Seismolgical Society of America,2002,92:2879-1892.
[3]Zhang HJ,Thurber H C.Double-difference tomography:The method and its application to the Hayward Fault,California[J].Bulletin of the Seismolgical Society of America,2002,92(5):1875-1889.
[4]Kim SG,李清河,Lkhasuren E,等.由多震相走时和波形作三维地震成像[J].CT理论与应用研究,2000,9(4):44-47.Kim SG,Li QH,Lkhasuren E,et al.3D seismic tomography by using travel times and waveforms of multi-phase[J].CT Theory and Applications,2000,9(4):44-47.
[5]Zhao DP,Todo S,Lei JS.Local earthquake reflection tomography of the Landers aftershock area[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2005,235(3-4):623-631.
[6]Zhao DP.Global tomographic images of mantle plumes and subducting slabs:Insight into deep Earth dynamics[J].Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors,2004,l46(1-2):3-34.
[7]白超英,黄国妖,李忠生.三维复杂层状介质中多震相走时联合反演成像[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(1):182-192.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.01.019.Bai CY,Huang GJ,Li ZS.Simultaneous inversion combining multiple-phase travel times within3D complex layered media[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2011,54(1):182-192,DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.01.019.
[8]Lei JS,Zhao DP.A new insight into the Hawaiian plume[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2006,241(3-4):438-453.
[9]Tarantola A,Valette B.Inverse-problems quest for information[J].Geophysics,1982,50:159-170.
[10]Tarantola A,Nercessian A.Three-dimensional inversion without blocks[J].Geophysical Journal Royal Astronomical Society.1984,76:299-306.
[11]Tarantola A.Inverse problem theory:Methods for data fitting and model parameter estimation[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier Press,1987.
[12]朱露培,曾融生,刘福田.一种新的三维速度结构反演构型参数化[J].地球物理学报,1990,33(1):34-43.Zhu LP,Zeng RS,Liu FT.A new model parameterization method for inversion of3-Dimensional velocity structure[J].Chinese journal of Geophysics,1990,33(1):34-43.
[13]Dziewonski MA.Mapping the lower mantle:Determination of lateral heterogeneity in P velocity up to degree and order6[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1984,89(B7):5929-5952.
[14]Thurber HC.Earthquake locations and three-dimensional crustal structure in the Coyote Lake area,central California[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1983,88(B10):8226-8236.
[15]Aki K,Lee WK.Determination of three-dimensional velocity anomalies under a seismic array using first P arrival times from local earthquakes-1.A homogeneous initial model[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1976,81(23):4381-4399.
[16]Aki K,Christoffersson A,Husebye ES.Determination of the three-dimensional seismic structure of the lithosphere[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1977,82(B2):277-296.
[17]Paige CC,Saunders AM.LSQR:An algorithm for sparse linear equations and sparse least squares[J].ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software.Association for Computing Machinery,1982,8(1):43-71.
[18]Zhao DP,Kanamori H.The1994Northridge earthquake:3-D crustal structure in the rupture zone and its relation to the aftershock locations and mechanisms[J].Geophysical Research Letters,1995:22(7):763-766.
[19]和锐,杨建思,张翼.新疆巴楚-伽师地区上地壳三维速度层析成像[J].西北地震学报,2010,32(2):139-143,149.He R,Yang JS,Zhang Y.Tomographic determination of the upper crustal structure in Bachu-Jiashi area,Xinjiang[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2010,32(2):139-143,149.
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