龙门山与四川盆地结合部的油气保存条件分析
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摘要
龙门山与四川盆地结合部位横跨川西坳陷和龙门山两大构造单元,包括龙门山前山带和龙门山前缘,二者以灌县—江油(关口)断裂为界。由于龙门山自北西向南东的多期逆冲推覆,使得盆山结合部位断裂发育,且地层隆升遭受剥蚀,因此,油气保存条件对该区油气探勘至关重要。文中主要利用盖层、压力和沥青分布特征,并结合龙门山天然地震分布,对盆山结合部位的油气保存条件进行了分析。结果表明,灌县—江油断裂上盘区域隆升剥蚀作用强烈,大面积出露下古生界地层,油气保存条件遭到破坏;其下盘深部海相层系则存在膏泥岩的保护,是将来深部勘探有利区;龙门山前缘地层发育完全,油气保存条件好。
The coupling area between Longmen Mountain and Sichuan Basin across western Sichuan Depression and Longmen Mountain mainly includes the front range and the front of Longmen Mountain,and the two parts are separated by the Guanxian-Jiangyou (Guankou) fault.Due to multiple phase of thrust nappe,there developed a large number of faults in the coupling area,and the strata suffered from erosion.Therefore,the petroleum preservation conditions are crucial for the petroleum exploration in this area.Based on the distribution of caprocks,fluid pressure and surface bitumen,combined with earthquake epicenters distribution,the petroleum preservation conditions in the coupling area are analyzed.And it is concluded that: it suffered from uplift-erosion in the hanging wall of GuanxianJiangyou fault,and large area of the Late Paleozoic strata outcropped,so the petroleum preservation condition here is destroyed;there exists gypsum mudstone in the footwall of Guanxian-Jiangyou fault,so the petroleum preservation condition of deep marine layers is well,therefore,it is favorable exploration area;the strata developed completely in the front of Longmen Mountain,so the petroleum preservation conditions is well.
The coupling area between Longmen Mountain and Sichuan Basin across western Sichuan Depression and Longmen Mountain mainly includes the front range and the front of Longmen Mountain,and the two parts are separated by the Guanxian-Jiangyou (Guankou) fault.Due to multiple phase of thrust nappe,there developed a large number of faults in the coupling area,and the strata suffered from erosion.Therefore,the petroleum preservation conditions are crucial for the petroleum exploration in this area.Based on the distribution of caprocks,fluid pressure and surface bitumen,combined with earthquake epicenters distribution,the petroleum preservation conditions in the coupling area are analyzed.And it is concluded that: it suffered from uplift-erosion in the hanging wall of GuanxianJiangyou fault,and large area of the Late Paleozoic strata outcropped,so the petroleum preservation condition here is destroyed;there exists gypsum mudstone in the footwall of Guanxian-Jiangyou fault,so the petroleum preservation condition of deep marine layers is well,therefore,it is favorable exploration area;the strata developed completely in the front of Longmen Mountain,so the petroleum preservation conditions is well.
引文
①陈跃平,田稳,刘卫华,等.四川盆地龙门山逆冲推覆构造带大园包构造龙深1井完井地质总结报告.中国石化集团石油工程西南有限公司地质录井分公司,2007.
①张宗耀,司述雍,李英华,等.河湾场构造一号井完井地质总结报告及原始资料评议书.川西北矿区地质科,1989.
①陈跃平,田稳,刘卫华,等.四川盆地龙门山逆冲推覆构造带大园包构造龙深1井完井地质总结报告.中国石化集团石油工程西南有限公司地质录井分公司,2007.
[1]郭兵,刘树根,刘顺.龙门山中段前山带构造特征及其形成演化[J].岩性油气藏,2008,20(4):59-64.
[2]林茂炳,吴山.龙门山推覆构造变形特征[J].成都地质学院学报,1991,18(1):46-55.
[3]杨克明,朱彤,何鲤.龙门山逆冲推覆构造带构造特征及勘探潜力分析[J].石油实验地质,2003,25(6):685-700.
[4]罗啸泉,郭东晓.川西断裂分布特征与油气的关系[J].西南石油学院学报,2004,26(6):17-20.
[5]张永刚,马宗晋,杨克明,等.川西坳陷中段海相层系油气勘探潜力分析[J].地质学报,81(8):1041-1047.
[6]贝东.四川盆地川西坳陷地层压力分布特征[J].矿物岩石,1995,15(1):58-62.
[7]金之钧,龙胜祥,周雁,等.中国南方膏盐岩分布特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(5):571-593.
[8]何军,于三公.龙门山推覆体机制及其北段含油气性[J].天然气工业,1989,9(3):16-21.
[9]刘大成,李书舜,周志军,等.鸭子河构造深层须家河组油气勘探目标选择与评价[J].天然气勘探与开发,2002,25(1):38-45.
[10]赵永胜.川西前陆盆地上三叠统储层流体动力学机制[J].石油与天然气地质,1997,18(3):204-209.
[11]Hunt J M.Generation and migration of petroleum from abnormally pressured fluid compartments[J].AAPG Bulletin,1990,74:1-12.
[12]陈绥祖,曾恕蓉.封存箱与上三叠统天然气成藏模式[J].天然气工业,1994,14(5):24-27.
[13]徐国胜,刘树根,李仲东,等.四川盆地天然气成藏动力学[M].北京:地质出版社,2005.
[14]王震亮,李耀华,张健.川西地区上三叠统异常流体压力的主要形成机制[J].石油与天然气地质,2007,28(1):43-50.
[15]刘树根.龙门山冲断带与川西前陆盆地的形成演化[M].成都:成都科技大学出版社,1993.
[16]王兰生,韩克猷,谢邦华,等.龙门山推覆构造带北段油气田形成条件探讨[J].天然气工业,2005,25(增刊A):1-5.
[17]揭君晓.川西坳陷中段中三叠统雷口坡组碳酸盐岩储层特征研究[D].贵州:贵州大学,2008.
[18]何鲤,廖光伦,戚斌.中坝气田雷三气藏分析及有利相带预测[J].天然气勘探与开发,2002,25(4):19-26.
[19]杨克明,朱彤,何鲤.龙门山逆冲推覆构造带构造特征及勘探潜力分析[J].石油实验地质,2003,25(6):685-700.
[20]黄籍中,冉隆辉.四川盆地震旦系灯影组灰岩黑色沥青与油气勘探[J].石油学报,1989,10(1):27-36.
[21]周文,邓虎成,丘东洲,等.川西北天井山构造泥盆系古油藏的发现及意义[J].成都理工大学学报,2007,34(4):413-417.
[22]刘光祥,王守德,潘文蕾,等.四川广元天井山古油藏剖析[J].海相油气地质,2003,8(1/2):103-107.
[23]韩克猷.龙门山逆掩断裂带成因与油气远景[J].天然气工业,1984,4(3):1-8.
[24]代寒松,刘树根,韩克猷,等.龙门山—米仓山地区下组合地表沥青特征[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2009,36(6):687-696.
[25]华保钦.构造应力场、地震泵和油气运移[J].沉积学报,1995,13(2):77-85.
[26]北京大学地震地质教研室(编).地震地质学[M].北京:地震出版社,1982.
[27]张兴权,安玉玲.天然地震与构造裂缝、油气运移的关系研究[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,27(4):106-108.
[28]Whitcomb J H,Gagmany J D,Anderson D L.Earthquake prediction:Variation of seismic velocities before the San Francisco earthquake[J].Science,1973,180(4086):632-635.
[29]朱艾斓,徐锡伟,刁桂玲,等.汶川MS8.0地震部分余震重新定位及地震构造初步分析[J].地震地质,2008,30(3):759-767.
[30]徐锡伟,闻学泽,叶建青.汶川MS8.0地震地表破裂带及其发震构造[J].地震地质,2008,30(3):595-629.
[31]江娃利,谢新生.龙门山后山断裂汶川MS8.0地震地表破裂带[J].国际地震动态,2009,(4):4.
[32]袁晓铭,曹振中,孙锐,等.汶川8.0级地震液化特征初步研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(6):1289-1295.
[33]王卫民,赵连锋,李娟,等.四川汶川8.0级地震震源过程[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(5):1404-1410.
[34]张勇,冯万鹏,许力生,等.2008年汶川大地震的时空破裂过程[J].中国科学D辑:地球科学,2008,38(10):1186-1194.
①张宗耀,司述雍,李英华,等.河湾场构造一号井完井地质总结报告及原始资料评议书.川西北矿区地质科,1989.
①陈跃平,田稳,刘卫华,等.四川盆地龙门山逆冲推覆构造带大园包构造龙深1井完井地质总结报告.中国石化集团石油工程西南有限公司地质录井分公司,2007.
[1]郭兵,刘树根,刘顺.龙门山中段前山带构造特征及其形成演化[J].岩性油气藏,2008,20(4):59-64.
[2]林茂炳,吴山.龙门山推覆构造变形特征[J].成都地质学院学报,1991,18(1):46-55.
[3]杨克明,朱彤,何鲤.龙门山逆冲推覆构造带构造特征及勘探潜力分析[J].石油实验地质,2003,25(6):685-700.
[4]罗啸泉,郭东晓.川西断裂分布特征与油气的关系[J].西南石油学院学报,2004,26(6):17-20.
[5]张永刚,马宗晋,杨克明,等.川西坳陷中段海相层系油气勘探潜力分析[J].地质学报,81(8):1041-1047.
[6]贝东.四川盆地川西坳陷地层压力分布特征[J].矿物岩石,1995,15(1):58-62.
[7]金之钧,龙胜祥,周雁,等.中国南方膏盐岩分布特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(5):571-593.
[8]何军,于三公.龙门山推覆体机制及其北段含油气性[J].天然气工业,1989,9(3):16-21.
[9]刘大成,李书舜,周志军,等.鸭子河构造深层须家河组油气勘探目标选择与评价[J].天然气勘探与开发,2002,25(1):38-45.
[10]赵永胜.川西前陆盆地上三叠统储层流体动力学机制[J].石油与天然气地质,1997,18(3):204-209.
[11]Hunt J M.Generation and migration of petroleum from abnormally pressured fluid compartments[J].AAPG Bulletin,1990,74:1-12.
[12]陈绥祖,曾恕蓉.封存箱与上三叠统天然气成藏模式[J].天然气工业,1994,14(5):24-27.
[13]徐国胜,刘树根,李仲东,等.四川盆地天然气成藏动力学[M].北京:地质出版社,2005.
[14]王震亮,李耀华,张健.川西地区上三叠统异常流体压力的主要形成机制[J].石油与天然气地质,2007,28(1):43-50.
[15]刘树根.龙门山冲断带与川西前陆盆地的形成演化[M].成都:成都科技大学出版社,1993.
[16]王兰生,韩克猷,谢邦华,等.龙门山推覆构造带北段油气田形成条件探讨[J].天然气工业,2005,25(增刊A):1-5.
[17]揭君晓.川西坳陷中段中三叠统雷口坡组碳酸盐岩储层特征研究[D].贵州:贵州大学,2008.
[18]何鲤,廖光伦,戚斌.中坝气田雷三气藏分析及有利相带预测[J].天然气勘探与开发,2002,25(4):19-26.
[19]杨克明,朱彤,何鲤.龙门山逆冲推覆构造带构造特征及勘探潜力分析[J].石油实验地质,2003,25(6):685-700.
[20]黄籍中,冉隆辉.四川盆地震旦系灯影组灰岩黑色沥青与油气勘探[J].石油学报,1989,10(1):27-36.
[21]周文,邓虎成,丘东洲,等.川西北天井山构造泥盆系古油藏的发现及意义[J].成都理工大学学报,2007,34(4):413-417.
[22]刘光祥,王守德,潘文蕾,等.四川广元天井山古油藏剖析[J].海相油气地质,2003,8(1/2):103-107.
[23]韩克猷.龙门山逆掩断裂带成因与油气远景[J].天然气工业,1984,4(3):1-8.
[24]代寒松,刘树根,韩克猷,等.龙门山—米仓山地区下组合地表沥青特征[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2009,36(6):687-696.
[25]华保钦.构造应力场、地震泵和油气运移[J].沉积学报,1995,13(2):77-85.
[26]北京大学地震地质教研室(编).地震地质学[M].北京:地震出版社,1982.
[27]张兴权,安玉玲.天然地震与构造裂缝、油气运移的关系研究[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,27(4):106-108.
[28]Whitcomb J H,Gagmany J D,Anderson D L.Earthquake prediction:Variation of seismic velocities before the San Francisco earthquake[J].Science,1973,180(4086):632-635.
[29]朱艾斓,徐锡伟,刁桂玲,等.汶川MS8.0地震部分余震重新定位及地震构造初步分析[J].地震地质,2008,30(3):759-767.
[30]徐锡伟,闻学泽,叶建青.汶川MS8.0地震地表破裂带及其发震构造[J].地震地质,2008,30(3):595-629.
[31]江娃利,谢新生.龙门山后山断裂汶川MS8.0地震地表破裂带[J].国际地震动态,2009,(4):4.
[32]袁晓铭,曹振中,孙锐,等.汶川8.0级地震液化特征初步研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(6):1289-1295.
[33]王卫民,赵连锋,李娟,等.四川汶川8.0级地震震源过程[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(5):1404-1410.
[34]张勇,冯万鹏,许力生,等.2008年汶川大地震的时空破裂过程[J].中国科学D辑:地球科学,2008,38(10):1186-1194.
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