Hilbert-Huang变换去除可控震源谐波畸变
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摘要
可控震源地震勘探采集信号中常常带有谐波畸变,去掉高阶谐波而又保留有用信号对提高地震勘探分辨率具有重要意义。采用Hilbert-Huang方法去除可控震源采集信号谐波畸变。对可控震源信号进行经验模态分解(EMD)和Hilbert变换,得到Hilbert-Huang谱,在时频域识别并去除高阶谐波,再用Hilbert反变换得到去除高阶谐波后的本征模态函数(IMF),叠加后可得到不含高阶谐波的信号,而保留与信号发射频率一致的基波。去掉高阶谐波后再互相关,互相关中高阶谐波也相应去除,相关函数主瓣更突出,旁瓣减少,提高了计算延时和计算波速的准确性。
Vibroseis seismic signals often include harmonic distortions.The higher order harmonics need to be removed while maintaining the desired signal to improve the seismic resolution.The Hilbert-Huang method can be used to remove harmonic distortions from vibroseis signals.The vibroseis signals are processed using empirical mode decomposition(EMD) and Hilbert transforms to get the Hilbert-Huang spectrum.After recognizing and removing the higher order harmonics in the time-frequency domain,and an inverse Hilbert transform is used to get the intrinsic mode functions(IMF) without harmonics.Then addiction is used to obtain the signals without higher order in a fundamental wave with a frequency consistent with the original signal.A cross-correlation after removal of the higher order harmonics shows that the higher order harmonics in cross correlation are correspondingly removed,so that the main-lobe of the correlation function is prominent and the side-lobe is small,so this signal can be used to more accurate calculate the time delay and velocity.
Vibroseis seismic signals often include harmonic distortions.The higher order harmonics need to be removed while maintaining the desired signal to improve the seismic resolution.The Hilbert-Huang method can be used to remove harmonic distortions from vibroseis signals.The vibroseis signals are processed using empirical mode decomposition(EMD) and Hilbert transforms to get the Hilbert-Huang spectrum.After recognizing and removing the higher order harmonics in the time-frequency domain,and an inverse Hilbert transform is used to get the intrinsic mode functions(IMF) without harmonics.Then addiction is used to obtain the signals without higher order in a fundamental wave with a frequency consistent with the original signal.A cross-correlation after removal of the higher order harmonics shows that the higher order harmonics in cross correlation are correspondingly removed,so that the main-lobe of the correlation function is prominent and the side-lobe is small,so this signal can be used to more accurate calculate the time delay and velocity.
引文
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[10]谭善文,秦树人,汤宝平.Hilbert-Huang变换的滤波特性及其应用[J].重庆大学学报:自然科学版,2004,27(2):9-11.TAN Shanwen,QIN Shuren,TANG Baoping.The filteringcharacter of Hilbert-Huang transform and its application[J].Journal of Chongqing University:Natural Science Edition,2004,27(2):9-11.(in Chinese)
[11]胡广书.数字信号处理——理论、算法与实现[M].第二版,北京:清华大学出版社,2003,156-160.HU Guangshu.Digital Signal Process—Theory,Arithmeticand Realization.2nd Ed.Beijing:Tsinghua UniversityPress,2003,156-160.(in Chinese)
[12]林君.电磁驱动可控震源地震勘探原理及应用[M].第一版.北京:科学出版社,2004,47.LIN Jun.Theory and Application of ElectromagneticVibroseis Seismic.1st Ed.Beijing:Science Press,2004,47.(in Chinese)
[2]Wu Z H,Huang N E.Ensemble empirical modedecomposition:a noise-assisted data analysis method[J].Advances in Adaptive Data Analysis,2009,1(1):1-41.
[3]Ong K C G.,Wang Z R,Maalej M.Adaptive magnitudespectrum algorithm for Hilbert-Huang transform basedfrequency identification[J].Engineering Structures,2008,30(1):33-41.
[4]刘庆敏,杨午阳,田连玉,等.希尔伯特-黄变换在地震资料去噪中的应用[J].新疆石油地质,2009,30(3):333-336.LIU Qingmin,YANG Wuyang,TIAN Lianyu,et al.Application of Hilbert-Huang transformation to noiseelimination of seismic data[J].Xinjiang PetroleumGeology,2009,30(3):333-336.(in Chinese)
[5]Dtig M,Schlurmann T.Performance and limitations of theHilbert-Huang transformation(HHT)with an application toirregular water waves[J].Ocean Engineering,2004,31(14-15):1783-1834.
[6]Venouziou M,Zhang H Z.Characterizing the Hilberttransform by the Bedrosian theorem[J].Journal ofMathematical Analysis and Application,2008,338(2):1477-1481.
[7]Huang N E,Wu Z H.A review on Hilbert-Huangtransform:Method and its applications to geophysical studies[J].Reviews of Geophysics,2008,46(2):1-23.
[8]汤井田,化希瑞,曹哲民,等.Hilbert-Huang变换与大地电磁噪声压制[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(2):603-610.TANG Jingtian,HUA Xirui,CAO Zhemin,et al.Hilbert-Huang transformation and noise suppression ofmagnetotelluric sounding data[J].Chinese Journal ofGeophysics,2008,51(2):603-610.(in Chinese)
[9]Veltchevaa A D,Soares C G.Identification of thecomponents of wave spectra by the Hilbert Huang transformmethod[J].Applied Ocean Research,2004,26:1-12.
[10]谭善文,秦树人,汤宝平.Hilbert-Huang变换的滤波特性及其应用[J].重庆大学学报:自然科学版,2004,27(2):9-11.TAN Shanwen,QIN Shuren,TANG Baoping.The filteringcharacter of Hilbert-Huang transform and its application[J].Journal of Chongqing University:Natural Science Edition,2004,27(2):9-11.(in Chinese)
[11]胡广书.数字信号处理——理论、算法与实现[M].第二版,北京:清华大学出版社,2003,156-160.HU Guangshu.Digital Signal Process—Theory,Arithmeticand Realization.2nd Ed.Beijing:Tsinghua UniversityPress,2003,156-160.(in Chinese)
[12]林君.电磁驱动可控震源地震勘探原理及应用[M].第一版.北京:科学出版社,2004,47.LIN Jun.Theory and Application of ElectromagneticVibroseis Seismic.1st Ed.Beijing:Science Press,2004,47.(in Chinese)
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