基于布格重力异常小波多尺度分析方法研究首都圈地区构造特征
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摘要
首都圈地区是中国大陆东部构造极为复杂的地区之一。本文利用首都圈地区布格重力资料,采用小波多尺度分析方法对布格重力异常信息进行了局部场分离,对场源在横向及纵向上所产生的异常现象进行了多层次的分析,将这些现象与地质构造环境建立起联系,对其产生原因给予了地质上的充分解释。重点对小波变换细节图中存在的规模较大、特征较为明显的两条NE向及一条NWW向布格重力异常带进行了深入分析,对异常所揭示的构造现象在地壳不同深度的展布特性等进行了研究。研究发现,3条布格重力异常分别反映了华北地区的3条构造带,分别为太行山前构造带、沧县构造带以及张家口-渤海构造带,每个构造带分别由次级隆起、凹陷以及断裂构造单元组成。研究认为太行山山前断裂带为深大断裂,构成了华北裂谷盆地与太行山隆起的地球物理分界,沧县构造带与张家口-渤海构造带新生代以来仍具有一定的活动性。其中在两条NE向构造带与NNW向构造带的交汇区域,地壳结构最为复杂,形成了两条非常重要的地震带,在今后的工作中需要重点关注。通过研究,对首都圈地区构造体系及地壳结构有了深入认识,为进一步研究华北地区壳幔结构提供了参考。
Tectonic setting of the capital area is extremely complex in east China.The study separated local Bouguer gravity anomaly information of the capital area using the method of wavelet multi-scale;analyzed and explained the sources of Bouguer gravity anomaly in terms of horizontal and vertical aspects;tried to establish the relations between these phenomena and geological structures;and finally explained their geological mechanism.With an emphasis on two large and distinct Bouguer gravity anomaly zones present in the figures plotted by wavelet multi-scale,we studied the distribution features of the structural phenomenon revealed by the anomalies.Research also indicates that three Bouguer gravity anomaly zones reflect the three structural zones in North China region,Taihang Mountain Tectonic Zone,Cangxian Tectonic Zone and Zhangjiakou-Bohai Tectonic Zone,each of which contains secondary uplifting,depression and faulting units.It is suggested by this study that foreland fault zone of Taihanshan Mts belongs to deep-seated faulting and constitutes the geophysical boundary between North China rifting basin and Taihanshan rising.Cangxian structural zone and Zhangjiakou—Bohai structural zone have been active since Cenozoic.Crustal structure is very complicated especially at the convergence of NE-trending and NNW-trending structural zones,forming two important seimic zones,on which our future exploration should focus.Our research has led a thorough understanding of the tectonic system and crustal structure in the capital area,and provides the guidance for further study on the mantle-crustal structure of North China.
Tectonic setting of the capital area is extremely complex in east China.The study separated local Bouguer gravity anomaly information of the capital area using the method of wavelet multi-scale;analyzed and explained the sources of Bouguer gravity anomaly in terms of horizontal and vertical aspects;tried to establish the relations between these phenomena and geological structures;and finally explained their geological mechanism.With an emphasis on two large and distinct Bouguer gravity anomaly zones present in the figures plotted by wavelet multi-scale,we studied the distribution features of the structural phenomenon revealed by the anomalies.Research also indicates that three Bouguer gravity anomaly zones reflect the three structural zones in North China region,Taihang Mountain Tectonic Zone,Cangxian Tectonic Zone and Zhangjiakou-Bohai Tectonic Zone,each of which contains secondary uplifting,depression and faulting units.It is suggested by this study that foreland fault zone of Taihanshan Mts belongs to deep-seated faulting and constitutes the geophysical boundary between North China rifting basin and Taihanshan rising.Cangxian structural zone and Zhangjiakou—Bohai structural zone have been active since Cenozoic.Crustal structure is very complicated especially at the convergence of NE-trending and NNW-trending structural zones,forming two important seimic zones,on which our future exploration should focus.Our research has led a thorough understanding of the tectonic system and crustal structure in the capital area,and provides the guidance for further study on the mantle-crustal structure of North China.
引文
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方颖,江在森,张晶,等.2008.张家口-渤海断裂带现今运动状态分析.大地测量与地球动力学,28(1):11～15.
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刘占坡,高祥林,黎益仕.2003.太行山重力梯级带的密度结构及其地质解释.地震地质,25(2):266～273.
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孙冬胜,刘池阳,杨明,等.2004.渤海湾盆地冀中坳陷中区中新生代复合伸展构造.地质论评,50(5):484～491.
唐新功,陈永顺,严良俊,等.2008.应用布格重力异常研究太行山地区地壳密度结构.西北地震学报,30(4):306～309.
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王椿镛,张先康,吴庆举,等.1994.华北盆地滑脱构造的地震证据.地球物理学报,37(5):613～619.
徐杰,牛娈芳,王春华,等.1996.唐山-河间-磁县新生地震构造带.地震地质,18(3):193～198.
徐杰,高战武,宋长青,等.2000.太行山山前断裂带的构造特征.地震地质,22(2):111～122.
徐杰,高战武,孙建宝,宋长青.2001.区域伸展体制下盆-山构造耦合关系的探讨.地质学报,75(2):165～174.
杨萍,杜远生,徐亚军.2006.黄骅坳陷古近纪地震事件沉积研究.地质学报,80(11):1711～1714.
杨文采,施志群,侯遵泽,等.2001.离散小波变换与重力异常多重分解.地球物理学报,44(4):534～541.
殷秀华,史志宏,刘占坡,等.1980.中国大陆区域重力场的基本特征.地震地质,2(4):69～75.
曾华霖.2005.重力场与重力勘探.北京:地质出版社.
张季生,王海燕.2005.燕山地区重、磁场特征分析与构造分区.地球学报,26(4):349～35.
张文朝,杨德相,陈彦均,等.2008.冀中坳陷古近系沉积构造特征与油气分布规律.地质学报,82(8):1103～1112.
刁博,王家林,程顺有.2007.重力异常小波多分辨分析分解阶次的确定.地球科学-中国地质大学学报,32(4):564～568.
方盛明,张先康,嘉世旭,等.2002.华北地区布格重力异常的多尺度分解特征与地震活动性.大地测量与地球动力学,22(1):34～39.
方颖,江在森,张晶,等.2008.张家口-渤海断裂带现今运动状态分析.大地测量与地球动力学,28(1):11～15.
冯锐,郑书真,黄桂芳,等.1989.华北地区重力场与沉积构造.地球物理学报,32(4):385～398.
何书,杨桥,漆家福,等.2008.黄骅坳陷中区新生代断裂系统及其成因分析.地质评论,43(3):533～545.
侯遵泽,杨文采.1997.中国重力异常的小波变换与多尺度分析.地球物理学报,40(1):85～95.
李安然,成福元,古成志,等.1984.中国东部重力梯级带的地震地质分析.地震地质,6(2):53～61.
刘光鼎.2002.中国海地球物理场特征.地球物理学进展,17(1):1～12.
刘占坡,高祥林,黎益仕.2003.太行山重力梯级带的密度结构及其地质解释.地震地质,25(2):266～273.
马宗晋,高祥林,宋正范.2006.中国布格重力异常水平梯度图的判读和构造解释.地球物理学报,49(1):106～114.
孙冬胜,刘池阳,杨明,等.2004.渤海湾盆地冀中坳陷中区中新生代复合伸展构造.地质论评,50(5):484～491.
唐新功,陈永顺,严良俊,等.2008.应用布格重力异常研究太行山地区地壳密度结构.西北地震学报,30(4):306～309.
汪泽成,刘和甫,段周芳,等.1998.黄骅坳陷中新生代构造负反转分析.地球科学-中国地质大学学报,23(3):289～293.
王椿镛,张先康,吴庆举,等.1994.华北盆地滑脱构造的地震证据.地球物理学报,37(5):613～619.
徐杰,牛娈芳,王春华,等.1996.唐山-河间-磁县新生地震构造带.地震地质,18(3):193～198.
徐杰,高战武,宋长青,等.2000.太行山山前断裂带的构造特征.地震地质,22(2):111～122.
徐杰,高战武,孙建宝,宋长青.2001.区域伸展体制下盆-山构造耦合关系的探讨.地质学报,75(2):165～174.
杨萍,杜远生,徐亚军.2006.黄骅坳陷古近纪地震事件沉积研究.地质学报,80(11):1711～1714.
杨文采,施志群,侯遵泽,等.2001.离散小波变换与重力异常多重分解.地球物理学报,44(4):534～541.
殷秀华,史志宏,刘占坡,等.1980.中国大陆区域重力场的基本特征.地震地质,2(4):69～75.
曾华霖.2005.重力场与重力勘探.北京:地质出版社.
张季生,王海燕.2005.燕山地区重、磁场特征分析与构造分区.地球学报,26(4):349～35.
张文朝,杨德相,陈彦均,等.2008.冀中坳陷古近系沉积构造特征与油气分布规律.地质学报,82(8):1103～1112.
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