F-X域经验模式分解法压制地震信号噪声

英文篇名：SEISMIC SIGNAL NOISE SUPPRESS BY EMPIRICAL MODE DECOMPOSITION IN F-X DOMAIN
中文刊名：物探化探计算技术
英文刊名：Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration
作者：张明财 ; 王斌武 ; 杨义锋
英文作者：ZHANG Ming-cai1 ; WANG Bin-wu2 ; YANG Yi-feng1(1.Institute of Geophysical Exploration ; Hydro-China Xibei Engineering Corporation ; Xi'an 710043 ; China ; 2.comprehensive geological exploration Bureau North census battalion ; Sanhe 065201 ; China).
中文关键词：经验模式分解 ; 频率域 ; 去噪 ; 固有模式函数
英文关键词：empirical mode decomposition ; frequency domain ; noise attenuation ; intrinsic mode function
出版日期：2013-07-15
机构：中水顾问集团西北勘测设计院工程试验检测分院物探检测中心;华北地质勘查局综合普查大队;
年：2013
期：04
出版单位：物探化探计算技术

摘要

地震信号属于典型的非线性、非平稳信号,其中通常夹杂一定的噪声,噪声会对后续的数据处理和解释产生一定的影响。经验模式分解(Empirical Mode Decomposition,EMD)是一种有效且自适应的非线性、非平稳信号分解方法。当原始地震记录转换到F-X域进行EMD时,可以将噪声分频分波数析出,首先通过Fourier变换将原始含噪的地震信号变换到频率域中,对实部和虚部分别进行EMD;然后剔除第一固有模式函数,将其余固有模式函数叠加,将叠加后的实部和虚部分量组合成新的复数序列;最后通过反Fourier变换将此序列转换至时间域,达到F-X域EMD压制地震信号噪声的目的。应用该方法对合成的单炮记录剖面和实测地震记录进行实验,结果表明,F-X域EMD法能有效且自适应地压制地震信号中的噪声。
Seismic signal is frequently un-linear,un-stationary and also contains some noise.The existence of noise has a great impact on data procession and interpretation.Empirical Mode Decomposition(EMD) is an effective and adoptive method used for decomposing an un-stationary signal.To obtain the aim of attenuating the noise of seismic signal by empirical mode decomposition in frequency domain,Firstly transforming the signal witch is to be analyzed from time domain to frequency domain by Fourier transformation and decomposing the real part and image part to a series of Intrinsic Mode Functions(IMFs) by EMD respectively.Then removing the first IMF from all IMFs and summing the other IMFs of real part and image part respectively to compose a new complex series,lastly transforming the new complex series to time domain by inverse Fourier transformation.The performance of this noise attenuation method is demonstrated with a synthetic single shot seismic profile and a real world seismic record,as the result shows,noise can be effectively and adoptively attenuated by empirical mode decomposition in frequency domain.

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