青海玉树地震的天文背景分析
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摘要
系统地分析了青海玉树地震发生时的天体位置、太阳活动与地球自转等天文因素的影响.从大的长期天文背景来看,玉树地震发生于中国大震频发的月亮白赤交角由极大变到极小时期,并且是太阳活动的偶数周;从短临看,玉树地震正好发生在地球自转与太阳黑子数发生突跳的时期,且此时震中所受的天体引潮力加速度又处于其变化速率最大的极值附近.研究结果表明,这些天文因素对玉树地震的孕育与发生起到了不可忽视的作用,是值得进一步深入研究的.
This paper analyses systematically the astronomical background when the Yushu earthquake occurred,such as the positions of celestial objects,solar activities and earth rotation,etc.The analysis results show that from view of long period,the Yushu earthquake occurred at the time when major earthquakes in China frequently occur during the inclination between the Moon′s path and Earth′s equator changing from its maximum to minimum and in the even cycle of the solar activity;from view of short time,it occurred at the time when sudden variations appeared in both the acceleration of Earth′s rotation and sunspot numbers,as well as the time near the maximum of the changing rate of the celestial tide generating force acceleration at the epicenter.These all show that for either the pregnancy or the occurrence of the earthquake the influence of these astronomical factors can not be ignored and merits further in-depth research.
This paper analyses systematically the astronomical background when the Yushu earthquake occurred,such as the positions of celestial objects,solar activities and earth rotation,etc.The analysis results show that from view of long period,the Yushu earthquake occurred at the time when major earthquakes in China frequently occur during the inclination between the Moon′s path and Earth′s equator changing from its maximum to minimum and in the even cycle of the solar activity;from view of short time,it occurred at the time when sudden variations appeared in both the acceleration of Earth′s rotation and sunspot numbers,as well as the time near the maximum of the changing rate of the celestial tide generating force acceleration at the epicenter.These all show that for either the pregnancy or the occurrence of the earthquake the influence of these astronomical factors can not be ignored and merits further in-depth research.
引文
[1]张勇,许力生,陈运泰.2010年青海玉树地震震源过程.中国科学:地球科学,2010,40(7):819-821.Zhang Y,Xu L S,Chen Y T.Source process of the 2010Yushu,Qinghai,earthquake.Sci.China Earth Sci.,2010,53(9):1249-1251,doi:10.1007/s11430-010-4045-5.
[2]李金臣,潘华,张志中.青海玉树7.1级地震构造背景.国际地震动态,2010,(5):1-5.Li J C,Pan H,Zhang Z Z.The seismotectonic setting ofYushu M7.1 earthquake in Qinghai Province.RecentDevelopments in World seismology(in Chinese),2010,(5):1-5.
[3]李志安,陈黎,韩延本等.触发地震的日月引潮力.北京师范大学学报(自然科学版),1994,30(3):368-369.Li Z A,Chen L,Han Y B,et al.Lunar-solar tidal triggeringof earthquakes.Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Science)(in Chinese),1994,30(3):368-369.
[4]胡辉,韩延本.天文因素与中国大陆大震趋势研究.自然灾害学报,2005,14(5):90-94.Hu H,Han Y B.Research on astronomical factors andtendency of major earthquakes in mainland of China.Journalof Natural Disasters(in Chinese),2005,14(5):90-94.
[5]李滔.显著地震与引潮力的关系.地震地磁观测与研究,2005,26(S1):6-9.Li T.The application of the relation between earthquake andtide force.Seismological and Geomagnetic Observation andResearch(in Chinese),2005,26(S1):6-9.
[6]陈荣华.引潮力对显著地震触发作用与大震关系及在雅江地震预报中的应用.地震,2003,23(1):53-56.Chen R H.Relation between tidal force triggering ofsignificant shocks and the large earthquake and its applicationin the prediction of Yajiang earthquake.Earthquake(inChinese),2003,23(1):53-56.
[7]李德禧.重力加速度是个常数吗?北京:地震出版社,1994:53-55.Li D X.Is the Gravitational Acceleration A Constant(inChinese)?Beijing:Seismological Press,1994:53-55.
[8]Goutly N R.Tidal triggering of deep moonquakes.Physicsof the Earth and Planetary Interiors,1979,19(1):52-58.
[9]Toksz M N.Lunar and planetary seismology.Reviews ofGeophysics,1975,13(3):306-311.
[10]胡辉,韩延本,尹志强.全球大地震的引潮力检验.天文研究与技术——国家天文台台刊,2008,5(4):420-423.Hu H,Han Y B,Yin Z Q.Test of the tidal effect on greatearthquakes all over the world.Astronomical Research&Technology-Publications of National Astronomical Observatoriesof China(in Chinese),2008,5(4):420-423.
[11]陈荣华,彭克银,薛艳等.引潮力与显著地震关系及其在短临预报中的应用.地震,2004,24(1):60-64.Chen R H,Peng K Y,Xue Y,et al.Relation between tidalforce and significant shocks and its application in the short-term and impending earthquake prediction.Earthquake(inChinese),2004,24(1):60-64.
[12]方俊.固体潮.北京:科学出版社,1984:1-6.Fang J.Solid Tide(in Chinese).Beijing:Science Press,1984:1-6.
[13]郭增建,韩延本,吴瑾冰.中国30°纬圈大地震带可能的天文学成因.地震研究,2004,27(4):293-295.Guo Z J,Han Y B,Wu J B.Possible astronomical cause ofgreat earthquake belt along 30°latitude circle in North China.Journal of Seismological Research(in Chinese),2004,27(4):293-295.
[14]罗葆荣.高能粒子流对地震活动的可能调制.云南天文台台刊,1995,(2):1-11.Lou B R.The probable modulation of energetic particles toseismic activity.Publications of the Yunnan Observatory(inChinese),1995,(2):1-11.
[15]赵洪声,张世杰,胡辉等.天-气-地耦合与地震预报.昆明:云南大学出版社,1994:63-68.Zhao H S,Zhang S J,Hu H,et al.Earthquake Forecastingby Astronomical and Meteorological Factors(in Chinese).Kunming:Yunnan University Press,1994:63-68.
[16]韩延本,郭增建,赵娟等.地球自转速率变化与中国西部的大地震.国际地震动态,2003,(6):1-5.Han Y B,Guo Z J,Zhao J,et al.Variation of the Earth′srotation and large earthquakes in the west of China.RecentDevelopments in World Seismology(in Chinese),2003,(6):1-5.
[17]韩延本,郭增建,吴瑾冰等.太阳活动对中国近东西向断层8级大地震的可能触发.中国科学(G辑),2003,33(6):567-573.Han Y B,Guo Z J,Wu J B,et al.Possible triggering ofsolar activities to big earthquakes(Ms=8)near the east andwest faultage in China.Science in China(Series G)(inChinese),2003,33(6):567-573.
[18]苏同卫,李可军.太阳活动对中国中纬度地区8级大地震的可能触发.天文研究与技术,2007,4(2):195-198.Su T W,Li K J.Possible triggering of solar activities to bigearthquakes(Ms≥8)in the middle latitude in China.AstronomicalResearch&Technology(in Chinese),2007,4(2):195-198.
[2]李金臣,潘华,张志中.青海玉树7.1级地震构造背景.国际地震动态,2010,(5):1-5.Li J C,Pan H,Zhang Z Z.The seismotectonic setting ofYushu M7.1 earthquake in Qinghai Province.RecentDevelopments in World seismology(in Chinese),2010,(5):1-5.
[3]李志安,陈黎,韩延本等.触发地震的日月引潮力.北京师范大学学报(自然科学版),1994,30(3):368-369.Li Z A,Chen L,Han Y B,et al.Lunar-solar tidal triggeringof earthquakes.Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Science)(in Chinese),1994,30(3):368-369.
[4]胡辉,韩延本.天文因素与中国大陆大震趋势研究.自然灾害学报,2005,14(5):90-94.Hu H,Han Y B.Research on astronomical factors andtendency of major earthquakes in mainland of China.Journalof Natural Disasters(in Chinese),2005,14(5):90-94.
[5]李滔.显著地震与引潮力的关系.地震地磁观测与研究,2005,26(S1):6-9.Li T.The application of the relation between earthquake andtide force.Seismological and Geomagnetic Observation andResearch(in Chinese),2005,26(S1):6-9.
[6]陈荣华.引潮力对显著地震触发作用与大震关系及在雅江地震预报中的应用.地震,2003,23(1):53-56.Chen R H.Relation between tidal force triggering ofsignificant shocks and the large earthquake and its applicationin the prediction of Yajiang earthquake.Earthquake(inChinese),2003,23(1):53-56.
[7]李德禧.重力加速度是个常数吗?北京:地震出版社,1994:53-55.Li D X.Is the Gravitational Acceleration A Constant(inChinese)?Beijing:Seismological Press,1994:53-55.
[8]Goutly N R.Tidal triggering of deep moonquakes.Physicsof the Earth and Planetary Interiors,1979,19(1):52-58.
[9]Toksz M N.Lunar and planetary seismology.Reviews ofGeophysics,1975,13(3):306-311.
[10]胡辉,韩延本,尹志强.全球大地震的引潮力检验.天文研究与技术——国家天文台台刊,2008,5(4):420-423.Hu H,Han Y B,Yin Z Q.Test of the tidal effect on greatearthquakes all over the world.Astronomical Research&Technology-Publications of National Astronomical Observatoriesof China(in Chinese),2008,5(4):420-423.
[11]陈荣华,彭克银,薛艳等.引潮力与显著地震关系及其在短临预报中的应用.地震,2004,24(1):60-64.Chen R H,Peng K Y,Xue Y,et al.Relation between tidalforce and significant shocks and its application in the short-term and impending earthquake prediction.Earthquake(inChinese),2004,24(1):60-64.
[12]方俊.固体潮.北京:科学出版社,1984:1-6.Fang J.Solid Tide(in Chinese).Beijing:Science Press,1984:1-6.
[13]郭增建,韩延本,吴瑾冰.中国30°纬圈大地震带可能的天文学成因.地震研究,2004,27(4):293-295.Guo Z J,Han Y B,Wu J B.Possible astronomical cause ofgreat earthquake belt along 30°latitude circle in North China.Journal of Seismological Research(in Chinese),2004,27(4):293-295.
[14]罗葆荣.高能粒子流对地震活动的可能调制.云南天文台台刊,1995,(2):1-11.Lou B R.The probable modulation of energetic particles toseismic activity.Publications of the Yunnan Observatory(inChinese),1995,(2):1-11.
[15]赵洪声,张世杰,胡辉等.天-气-地耦合与地震预报.昆明:云南大学出版社,1994:63-68.Zhao H S,Zhang S J,Hu H,et al.Earthquake Forecastingby Astronomical and Meteorological Factors(in Chinese).Kunming:Yunnan University Press,1994:63-68.
[16]韩延本,郭增建,赵娟等.地球自转速率变化与中国西部的大地震.国际地震动态,2003,(6):1-5.Han Y B,Guo Z J,Zhao J,et al.Variation of the Earth′srotation and large earthquakes in the west of China.RecentDevelopments in World Seismology(in Chinese),2003,(6):1-5.
[17]韩延本,郭增建,吴瑾冰等.太阳活动对中国近东西向断层8级大地震的可能触发.中国科学(G辑),2003,33(6):567-573.Han Y B,Guo Z J,Wu J B,et al.Possible triggering ofsolar activities to big earthquakes(Ms=8)near the east andwest faultage in China.Science in China(Series G)(inChinese),2003,33(6):567-573.
[18]苏同卫,李可军.太阳活动对中国中纬度地区8级大地震的可能触发.天文研究与技术,2007,4(2):195-198.Su T W,Li K J.Possible triggering of solar activities to bigearthquakes(Ms≥8)in the middle latitude in China.AstronomicalResearch&Technology(in Chinese),2007,4(2):195-198.
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