虚拟孔隙度优化Xu-White模型法预测横波速度
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摘要
纵、横波速度和密度是连接岩石各种物理性质与地震波勘探的桥梁,是储层岩性、物性和流体分析识别的重要参数。在实际工作中只有极少数井进行了横波速度测井,甚至没有横波资料,而利用横波速度可以得到泊松比、拉梅模量等反映流体性质的物理量,减少地震振幅解释的多解性,这种情况下,就需要预测横波速度。文中在Xu-White理论模型的基础上,通过引入虚拟孔隙度和误差融合技术,优化了预测横波速度过程,减少了孔隙的扁度和骨架参数带来的误差,并在预测过程中增加了质量控制手段,提高了横波预测的精度。在肇源南和敖南地区的横波速度预测工作中,预测结果与实测横波吻合程度较高,说明该方法在实际应用中能够取得较好的效果。
P-wave velocity,S-wave velocity and density are the connections between various physical properties of rocks and seismic exploration,and they are also the important parameters of the reservoir lithology,physical properties and fluid analysis and recognition.However,only a very small number of wells were the shear velocity log in practice.The physical quantities of Poisson ratio and Lamé module reflecting fluid property can be obtained through using the S-wave velocity even without S-wave data in order to decrease the ambiguity of seismic amplitude interpretation.In this cases,we need to predict the S-wave velocity.In this paper,we present the virtual porosity and the error fusion technology based on Xu-White theory model,which optimizes the prediction process and decreases the error brought by the flat degree of pore and framework parameter.Furthermore,we increase the quality control measures in the forecasting process,and improve the shear wave prediction accuracy.During the S-wave velocity prediction in Zhaoyuannan and Aonan Regions,the predicted result and actual-measurement S-wave show a good agreement,which indicate that the method can achieve the good result in practical application.
P-wave velocity,S-wave velocity and density are the connections between various physical properties of rocks and seismic exploration,and they are also the important parameters of the reservoir lithology,physical properties and fluid analysis and recognition.However,only a very small number of wells were the shear velocity log in practice.The physical quantities of Poisson ratio and Lamé module reflecting fluid property can be obtained through using the S-wave velocity even without S-wave data in order to decrease the ambiguity of seismic amplitude interpretation.In this cases,we need to predict the S-wave velocity.In this paper,we present the virtual porosity and the error fusion technology based on Xu-White theory model,which optimizes the prediction process and decreases the error brought by the flat degree of pore and framework parameter.Furthermore,we increase the quality control measures in the forecasting process,and improve the shear wave prediction accuracy.During the S-wave velocity prediction in Zhaoyuannan and Aonan Regions,the predicted result and actual-measurement S-wave show a good agreement,which indicate that the method can achieve the good result in practical application.
引文
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[8]Fred J Hilterman.地震振幅解释[M].孙夕平,赵良武,译.北京:石油工业出版社,2006:30-38.Fred J Hilterman.Seismic amplitude interpretation[M].Sun Xiping,Zhao Liangwu,Translated.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2006:30-38.
[9]Xu S Y,White R E.A new velocity model for clay-sand mixture[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1995,43(1):91-118.
[10]Xu S Y,White R E.A physical model for shear-wave velocitypredicting[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1996,44(4):687-717.
[11]Keys R G,Xu S Y.An approximation for the Xu-White velocity model[J].Geophyscis,2002,67(5):1406-1414.
[12]马中高,解吉高.岩石的纵、横波速度与密度的规律研究[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4):905-910.Ma Zhonggao,Xie Jigao.Relationship among compressional wave,shear wave velocities and density of rocks[J].Progress in Geophysics,2005,20(4):905-910.
[13]Kuster G T,Toks魭z M N.Velocity and attenuation of seismic waves intwo phase media:part I theoretical formulation[J].Geophysics,1974,39(5):587-606.
[14]张杨.利用Xu-White模型估算地震波速度[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2005,32(2):188-195.Zhang Yang.Xu-White Model for seismic wave velocity prediction[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology:Science&TechnologyEdition,2005,32(2):188-195.
[15]乔悦东,高云峰,安鸿伟.基于Xu-White模型的优化测井横波速度预测技术研究与应用[J].石油天然气学报,2007,29(5):100-102.Qiao Yuedong,Gao Yunfeng,An Hongwei.Study and application ofoptimal technique of shear-wave velocity prediction based on Xu-White Model[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2007,29(5):100-102.
[2]时华星,曹建军,伍向阳,等.济阳坳陷下第三系岩石地震波传播速度分析[J].油气地质与采收率,2004,11(4):28-30.Shi Huaxing,Cao Jianjun,Wu Xiangyang,et al.Analysis onpropagation velocity of seismic wave of Eogene rocks in JiyangDepression[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2004,11(4):28-30.
[3]王玉梅,苗永康,孟宪军,等.岩石物理横波速度曲线计算技术[J].油气地质与采收率,2006,13(4):58-61.Wang Yumei,Miao Yongkang,Meng Xianjun,et al.Calculationprocedure of shear velocity curve on petrophysics[J].PetroleumGeology and Recovery Efficiency,2006,13(4):58-61.
[4]Castagna J P,Batzle M L,Eastwood R L.Relationships betweencompressional-wave and shear-wave velocities in clastic silicate rocks[J].Geophysics,1985,50(4):571-581.
[5]Greenberg M L,Castagna J P.Shear-wave velocity estimation in porousrocks:theoretical formulation,prelimulation,preliminary verificationandapplications[J].GeophysicalProspecting,1992,40(2):195-209.
[6]刘萱,谢占安,张国栋,等.南堡油田叠前反演技术与储层预测[J].天然气工业,2002,7(增刊A):439-442.Liu Xuan,Xie Zhan′an,Zhang Guodong,et al.Nanpu Oilfiled pre-stack inversion technology and reservoir prediction[J].Natural GasIndustry,2002,7(Suppl.A):439-442.
[7]Gassmann F.Elasticity of porous rock[J].Vierteljahrschrift derNaturforschenden Gescllschaft in Rich,1951,96(4):1-21.
[8]Fred J Hilterman.地震振幅解释[M].孙夕平,赵良武,译.北京:石油工业出版社,2006:30-38.Fred J Hilterman.Seismic amplitude interpretation[M].Sun Xiping,Zhao Liangwu,Translated.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2006:30-38.
[9]Xu S Y,White R E.A new velocity model for clay-sand mixture[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1995,43(1):91-118.
[10]Xu S Y,White R E.A physical model for shear-wave velocitypredicting[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1996,44(4):687-717.
[11]Keys R G,Xu S Y.An approximation for the Xu-White velocity model[J].Geophyscis,2002,67(5):1406-1414.
[12]马中高,解吉高.岩石的纵、横波速度与密度的规律研究[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4):905-910.Ma Zhonggao,Xie Jigao.Relationship among compressional wave,shear wave velocities and density of rocks[J].Progress in Geophysics,2005,20(4):905-910.
[13]Kuster G T,Toks魭z M N.Velocity and attenuation of seismic waves intwo phase media:part I theoretical formulation[J].Geophysics,1974,39(5):587-606.
[14]张杨.利用Xu-White模型估算地震波速度[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2005,32(2):188-195.Zhang Yang.Xu-White Model for seismic wave velocity prediction[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology:Science&TechnologyEdition,2005,32(2):188-195.
[15]乔悦东,高云峰,安鸿伟.基于Xu-White模型的优化测井横波速度预测技术研究与应用[J].石油天然气学报,2007,29(5):100-102.Qiao Yuedong,Gao Yunfeng,An Hongwei.Study and application ofoptimal technique of shear-wave velocity prediction based on Xu-White Model[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2007,29(5):100-102.
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