相位相关统计速度分析方法的改进
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摘要
在天然气水合物地震资料处理过程中,要求浅层的速度分辨率高,现有的速度分析方法大多存在一定的局限性,并且分辨率和精度远远不能满足天然气水合物矿体精细处理的要求。本文对传统的相位相关统计速度分析方法进行了改进,通过设置阈值对集中函数进行限定,使得R检验中对噪声和信号的相位概率分布的判别更加可靠。将改进的方法应用到南海北部海域的天然气水合物地震资料处理中,得到的速度谱的分辨率和精度更高,速度更容易拾取,并在处理后的叠加剖面上准确地识别了BSR,很好地满足了天然气水合物地震资料精细处理的要求。
High velocity resolution for shallow strata is needed during gas hydrate seismic data processing.Present velocity analysis algorithms mostly have certain limits and could not meet the requirements of high resolution and high precision.We improve the statistical phase-correlation velocity analysis algorithm by setting threshold value to limit concentration functions,which enhances the reliability of discriminating phase probability distribution of noise and signal in "R Test".We apply the improved algorithm in gas hydrate seismic data processing of the northern part in the South China Sea.It is proved that the resolution and precision of velocity spectrum calculated by this algorithm are improved,which leads velocity picking more easily.BSR is identified clearly in the stack sections and the improved algorithm could meet the requirements of gas hydrate seismic data processing.
High velocity resolution for shallow strata is needed during gas hydrate seismic data processing.Present velocity analysis algorithms mostly have certain limits and could not meet the requirements of high resolution and high precision.We improve the statistical phase-correlation velocity analysis algorithm by setting threshold value to limit concentration functions,which enhances the reliability of discriminating phase probability distribution of noise and signal in "R Test".We apply the improved algorithm in gas hydrate seismic data processing of the northern part in the South China Sea.It is proved that the resolution and precision of velocity spectrum calculated by this algorithm are improved,which leads velocity picking more easily.BSR is identified clearly in the stack sections and the improved algorithm could meet the requirements of gas hydrate seismic data processing.
引文
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[13]沙志彬,杨木壮,梁金强等.BSR的反射波特征及其对天然气水合物识别的应用.南海地质研究,2003,15(1):55～61Sha Zhi-bin,Yang Mu-zhuang,Liang Jin-qing.Thesignature of the BSR Wavelet and Application of theDistinguishable for Marine Gas Hydrants.GeologicalResearch of South China Sea,2003,15(1):55～61
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[16]陈强,梁广,金华峰等.南海中部海域地震速度分析.海洋地质动态,2006,22(3):1～6Chen Qiang,Liang Guang,Jin Hua-feng et al.Anal-ysis of seismic velocityinthe middle of the South Chi-na Sea.Marine Geology Letters,2006,22(3):1～6
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[19]张光学,祝有海,梁金强等.构造控制型天然气水合物矿藏及其特征.现代地质,2006,20(4):605～612Zhang guang-xue,Zhu You-hai,Liang Jin-qiang etal.Tectonic controls on gas hydrate deposits andTheir characteristics.Geoscience,2006,20(4):605～612
[20]吴能有,梁金强,王宏斌等.海洋天然气水合物成藏系统研究进展.现代地质,2008,22(3):356～361Wu Neng-you,Liang Jin-qiang,Wang Hong-bin etal.Marine gas hydrate system:state of the art.Geo-science,2008,22(3):356～361
[21]姚伯初,杨木壮.南海晚新生代构造运动与天然气水合物资源.海洋地质与第四纪地质,2008,28(4):94～100Yao Bo-chu,Yang Mu-zhuang.Tectonic movementsin the Late Cenozoic and gas hydrate resources in theSouth China Sea.Marine Geology and QuaternaryGeology,2008,28(4):94～100
[2]张光学,黄永样,陈邦彦等.海域天然气水合物地震学.北京:海洋出版社,2006
[3]Biordi B等著,唐权均译.使用特征结构法计算高分辨率速度谱∥第58届SEG年会论文集.北京:石油工业出版社,1989,242～247
[4]陆文凯,张学工,李衍达等.基于信号估计的高分辨率叠加速度分析.地球物理学报,2001,44(6):871～876Lu Wen-kai,Zhang Xue-gong,Li Yan-da et al.Highresolution stack velocity determination based on signalesti mation.Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2001,44(6):871～876
[5]Morozov I B,Si mithson B.High-resolution velocitydetermination:statistical phase correlation and i mageprocessing.Geophysics,1996,61(4):1115～1127
[6]Sloan E D.Clathrate Hydrates of Natural Gases.New York:Marcel Decker,Inc.,1998
[7]Kvenvolden K A.APri mer on the Geological Occur-rence of Gas Hydrates.London:Geol Soc LondonSpec Pub,1998,9～30
[8]Kohca,Westacotter,Zhang W.Mechanisms of gashydrate formation and inhibition.Fluid Phase Equi-libria,2002,(sp.Iss.SI):143～151
[9]Grevemeyer I,Villinger H.Gas hydrate stability andthe assessment of heat flowthrough continental mar-gins.Geophysics J Int,2001,145(3):647～660
[10]Dvorkin J G,Mavko G,Nur A.The effect of cemen-tation on the elastic properties of a granular material.Mech.of Mater,1991,12(3～4):207～217
[11]刘学伟,李敏锋,张聿文等.天然气水合物地震响应研究——中国南海HD152测线应用实例.现代地质,2005,19(1):33～38Liu Xue-wei,Li Min-feng,Zhang Yu-wen et al.Studies of seismic characteristics about gas hydrate:acase study of Line HD152 in the South China Sea.Geoscience,2005,19(1):33～38
[12]张聿文,刘学伟,金玉洁.含天然气水合物地层的速度和衰减研究.石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(2):205～214Zhang Yu-wen,Liu Xue-wei,Jin Yu-jie.Study ofvelocity and attenuation for gas-bearing hydrate for-mation.OGP,2004,39(2):205～214
[13]沙志彬,杨木壮,梁金强等.BSR的反射波特征及其对天然气水合物识别的应用.南海地质研究,2003,15(1):55～61Sha Zhi-bin,Yang Mu-zhuang,Liang Jin-qing.Thesignature of the BSR Wavelet and Application of theDistinguishable for Marine Gas Hydrants.GeologicalResearch of South China Sea,2003,15(1):55～61
[14]Shipey T H,Houston,Buller R Tet al.Seismic evi-dence forwide-spread possible gas hydrates horizonson continental slopes and rises.AAPG Bulletin,1979,63(12):2204～2213
[15]Lee M W,Hutchinson D,Agena WF et al.Seismiccharacter of gas hydrates onthe Southeastern US con-tinental margin.Marine Geophysical Researches,1994,16(3):163～184
[16]陈强,梁广,金华峰等.南海中部海域地震速度分析.海洋地质动态,2006,22(3):1～6Chen Qiang,Liang Guang,Jin Hua-feng et al.Anal-ysis of seismic velocityinthe middle of the South Chi-na Sea.Marine Geology Letters,2006,22(3):1～6
[17]许宁生,李元元,余志.首届广东青年科学家论坛论文集.北京:中国科学技术出版社,2000
[18]林小竹.协方差速度谱.石油地球物理勘探,1993,28(4):403～410Lin Xiao-zhu.Covariance velocity spectrum.OGP,1993,28(4):403～410
[19]张光学,祝有海,梁金强等.构造控制型天然气水合物矿藏及其特征.现代地质,2006,20(4):605～612Zhang guang-xue,Zhu You-hai,Liang Jin-qiang etal.Tectonic controls on gas hydrate deposits andTheir characteristics.Geoscience,2006,20(4):605～612
[20]吴能有,梁金强,王宏斌等.海洋天然气水合物成藏系统研究进展.现代地质,2008,22(3):356～361Wu Neng-you,Liang Jin-qiang,Wang Hong-bin etal.Marine gas hydrate system:state of the art.Geo-science,2008,22(3):356～361
[21]姚伯初,杨木壮.南海晚新生代构造运动与天然气水合物资源.海洋地质与第四纪地质,2008,28(4):94～100Yao Bo-chu,Yang Mu-zhuang.Tectonic movementsin the Late Cenozoic and gas hydrate resources in theSouth China Sea.Marine Geology and QuaternaryGeology,2008,28(4):94～100
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