强震条件下谢家店滑坡碎屑流发生机制试验研究
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摘要
谢家店滑坡是5.12汶川大地震触发的较为典型的高速远程滑坡之一。通过滑坡岩体碎屑动荷载力学试验以及微结构特征分析,初步探讨了强震条件下滑坡碎屑流发生的动力学机制。结果表明:红色正长花岗岩的空隙和裂隙的发育程度均高于黑褐色砂岩;随着应变速率的增加,两种岩石的抗剪强度都有相应增加的趋势,且黑褐色砂岩的强度高于红色正长花岗岩;在加载速率持续增长的情况下,两种试样抗剪断强度拟合直线斜率相同,故强度增长速率相等;汶川地震使两种岩石均达到了其抗剪强度,所以岩体的剪切破坏是导致该滑坡发生的主要原因之一。
The Xiejiadian landslide,a typical landslide located in Longmen County,was triggered by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake with high speed and long run-out.A preliminary study of the dynamic mechanics of landslide debris under strong earthquake by landslide debris rock dynamic load mechanics tests and analyses of micro-structural features were carried out.The results show that the red syenogranite is a long gap and the degree of development of fractures in the rock is higher than that in the black-brown sandstone.With the increase in strain rate,the shear strength of two kinds of rocks has a corresponding increase,and the strength of black-brown sandstone is higher than that of the red syenogranite.With the increase of loading rate,the shearing strength of two sample regression line slope is identical.Thus,the strength of growth rate is equal.Two rocks have reached their shear strength under the earthquake.Therefore,the shear failure of rock is the main cause of the landslide.
The Xiejiadian landslide,a typical landslide located in Longmen County,was triggered by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake with high speed and long run-out.A preliminary study of the dynamic mechanics of landslide debris under strong earthquake by landslide debris rock dynamic load mechanics tests and analyses of micro-structural features were carried out.The results show that the red syenogranite is a long gap and the degree of development of fractures in the rock is higher than that in the black-brown sandstone.With the increase in strain rate,the shear strength of two kinds of rocks has a corresponding increase,and the strength of black-brown sandstone is higher than that of the red syenogranite.With the increase of loading rate,the shearing strength of two sample regression line slope is identical.Thus,the strength of growth rate is equal.Two rocks have reached their shear strength under the earthquake.Therefore,the shear failure of rock is the main cause of the landslide.
引文
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[2]孙萍,殷跃平,吴树人,等.高速远程地震黄土滑坡发生机制试验研究[J].工程地质学报,2009,17(4):449-454.[SUN P,YIN Y P,WU S R,et al.An experimental study on the initiation mechanism ofrapid and long run-out loess landslide caused by1920 Haiyuan earthquake[J].Journal of EngineeringGeology,2009,17(4):449-454.(in Chinese)]
[3]李海波,赵坚,李俊如,等.三轴情况下花岗岩动态力学特性的实验研究[J].爆炸与冲击,2004,9(5):470-474.[LI H B,ZHAO J,LI J R,et al.Triaxial compression tests of a granite[J].Explosionand shock waves,2004,9(5):470-474.(inChinese)]
[4]黄润秋,黄达.卸荷条件下花岗岩力学特性试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(11):2205-2213.[HUANG R Q,HUANG D.Experimentalresearch on mechanical properties of granites underunloading condition[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2008,27(11):2205-2213.(in Chinese)]
[5]胡广韬,戴鸿麟.滑坡动力学[M].北京:地质出版社,1995.[HU G T,DAI H L.Landslide dynamics[M].Beijing:The Geological Publishing House,1995.(in Chinese)]
[6]Keefer D V.Landslides caused by earthquakes[J].Geological Society of America Bulletin,1984,95(4):406-421.
[7]王家鼎,张倬元.地震诱发高速黄土滑坡的机理研究[J].岩土工程学报,1999,21(6):670-674.[WANG J D,ZHANG Z Y.A study on themechanism of high speed loess landslide induced byearthquake[J].Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1999,21(6):670-674.(in Chinese)]
[8]邢爱国,胡厚田,姚令侃.大型高速岩质滑坡启程活动阶段孔隙流体压力效应[J].水土保持通报,2001,3(21):17-19.[XING A G,HU H T,YAOL K.Pore Liquid Pressure of Large High-speedRockslide in Initial Stage[J].Bulletin of Soil andWater Conservation,2001,3(21):17-19.(inChinese)]
[9]陈禄俊,邢爱国,陈龙珠,等.高速远程滑坡飞行数值分析[J].水文地质工程地质,2008,35(5):1-6.[CHEN L J,XING A G,CHEN L Z,et al.Numerical analysis on the flying of highspeed and longrunout landslide[J].Hydrogeology&EngineeringGgeology,2008,35(5):1-6.(in Chinese)]
[10]殷跃平.汶川八级地震滑坡高速远程特征分析[J].工程地质学报,2009,17(2):153-164.[YIN YP.Rapid and long run-out features of landslidestriggered by the Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal ofEngineering Geology,2009,17(2):153-164.(inChinese)]
[11]Fawu Wang.An experimental study on Grain crushingand excesspore pressure generation during shearing ofsandy soils-A key factor for rap id landslide motion[D].Kyoto:Doctoral Thesis of Kyoto University,1999.
[12]殷跃平.西藏波密易贡高速巨型滑坡特征及减灾研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2000,27(4):8-11.[YIN Y P.Numerical simulation on overall process ofgigong slum pat Bomi,Tibet[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Ggeology,2000,27(4):8-11.(inChinese)]
[13]Papadopoulos G A,Plessa A.Magnitude-distancerelations for earthquake-induced landslide in Greece[J].Engineering Geology,Special Issue,2000(58):377-386.
[14]王秀英,聂高众.汶川MS 8.0级地震诱发崩滑特点及其与地震动参数对应关系初析[J].岩土工程学报,2009,31(9):1378-1383.[WANG X Y,NIE GZ.Characteristics of landslides induced by WenchuanMS 8.0 Earthquake and preliminary analysis of theirrelations with ground motion parameters[J].Journal ofGeotechnical Engineering,2009,31(9):1378-1383].An experimental study of the initiation mechanism oflandslide debris flow under a strong earthquake
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