一种频率域AVO油气检测方法
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摘要
频率域AVO分析指通过时频转换将地震数据转换到频率域,再对目的层段地震振幅(能量)随频率以及炮检距的变化情况进行研究。本文针对苏里格气田低渗透致密砂岩薄气层在时间域难以识别的问题,介绍了频率域AVO流体识别技术。首先从岩石物理分析入手,根据苏里格气田的实际地质情况,利用统计手段得到基于频散的频率域AVO流体识别理论算法;其次,利用S变换得到较为准确的频率域数据,利用实际地震叠后资料进行储层振幅(能量)随频率变化的分析;最后,针对地震叠前资料进行储层振幅(能量)随频率以及炮检距变化的研究。本文算法的实际应用结果表明:在地震频带内,薄层低孔致密砂体的调谐效应不可能产生明显的频率响应异常,高频段较强的频散效应才是造成频率响应异常的原因。
Frequency AVO analysis studies amplitude(energy) variation of target stratum versus frequency and offset after time-frequency transform of seismic data.It is difficult to identify tight thin gas reservoir on seismic data in time domain.In this paper,we introduce an approach for fluid identification on seismic data in frequency domain.Firstly,we start with rock physics analysis,and use statistic method to deduce the theory algorithm of AVO analysis in frequency domain for fluid identification based on velocity dispersion.Then,we do S transform to obtain more accurate data in frequency domain to analyze amplitude variation with frequency in reservoir on post-stack seismic data.In the end,we analyze amplitude variation with frequency and offset on seismic pre-stack data of reservoir.Applications of this method show that tuning effect of tight,thin sand with low porosity cannot cause abnormal frequency response in seismic frequency band,only frequency dispersion in high frequency band causes abnormal response.
Frequency AVO analysis studies amplitude(energy) variation of target stratum versus frequency and offset after time-frequency transform of seismic data.It is difficult to identify tight thin gas reservoir on seismic data in time domain.In this paper,we introduce an approach for fluid identification on seismic data in frequency domain.Firstly,we start with rock physics analysis,and use statistic method to deduce the theory algorithm of AVO analysis in frequency domain for fluid identification based on velocity dispersion.Then,we do S transform to obtain more accurate data in frequency domain to analyze amplitude variation with frequency in reservoir on post-stack seismic data.In the end,we analyze amplitude variation with frequency and offset on seismic pre-stack data of reservoir.Applications of this method show that tuning effect of tight,thin sand with low porosity cannot cause abnormal frequency response in seismic frequency band,only frequency dispersion in high frequency band causes abnormal response.
引文
[1]唐金良,邓道静.AVO技术.勘探地球物理进展,油气地球物理技术新进展———第七十六届SEG年会论文概要.北京:石油工业出版社,2008,43～61
[2]Chapman M,Liu E and Li X Y.The influence of fluid-sensitive dispersion and attenuation on AVO analysis.Geophysical Journal International,2006,167:89～105
[3]Ren Haitao,Gennady Goloshubin and Fred Hilterman.Spectra cross plot.SEG Technical Program ExpandedAbstracts,2007,26:199
[4]Wilson A,Chapman M and Li X Y.Frequency-depend-ent AVO inversion.SEG Technical Program Expand-ed Abstracts,2009,28:341～345
[5]吴小羊.基于频谱分析技术的频散AVO反演研究[博士学位论文].北京:中国地质大学,2010
[6]Wu Xiaoyang,Chapman M,Wilson A et al.Estimatingseismic dispersion from pre-stack data using frequency-dependent AVO inversion.SEG Technical ProgramExpanded Abstracts,2010,29:425
[7]Zhang J H,Chapman M,Liu E et al.Application ofspectral decomposition to detection of dispersion anoma-lies associated with gas saturation.The LeadingEdge,2006,25(2):206～210
[8]Smith G C and Gidlow P M.Weighted stacking forrock property estimation and detection of gas.Geo-physical Prospecting,1987,35(9):993～1014
[9]赵万金,李海亮,史松群等.叠前反演及AVO技术在苏里格气田的应用.新疆石油地质,2009,30(3):387～389Zhao Wanjin,Li Hailiang,Shi Songqun et al.Applica-tion of prestack inversion and AVO to Sulige GasField.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2009,30(3):387～389
[2]Chapman M,Liu E and Li X Y.The influence of fluid-sensitive dispersion and attenuation on AVO analysis.Geophysical Journal International,2006,167:89～105
[3]Ren Haitao,Gennady Goloshubin and Fred Hilterman.Spectra cross plot.SEG Technical Program ExpandedAbstracts,2007,26:199
[4]Wilson A,Chapman M and Li X Y.Frequency-depend-ent AVO inversion.SEG Technical Program Expand-ed Abstracts,2009,28:341～345
[5]吴小羊.基于频谱分析技术的频散AVO反演研究[博士学位论文].北京:中国地质大学,2010
[6]Wu Xiaoyang,Chapman M,Wilson A et al.Estimatingseismic dispersion from pre-stack data using frequency-dependent AVO inversion.SEG Technical ProgramExpanded Abstracts,2010,29:425
[7]Zhang J H,Chapman M,Liu E et al.Application ofspectral decomposition to detection of dispersion anoma-lies associated with gas saturation.The LeadingEdge,2006,25(2):206～210
[8]Smith G C and Gidlow P M.Weighted stacking forrock property estimation and detection of gas.Geo-physical Prospecting,1987,35(9):993～1014
[9]赵万金,李海亮,史松群等.叠前反演及AVO技术在苏里格气田的应用.新疆石油地质,2009,30(3):387～389Zhao Wanjin,Li Hailiang,Shi Songqun et al.Applica-tion of prestack inversion and AVO to Sulige GasField.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2009,30(3):387～389
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