基于角度域共成像点道集的层析速度反演方法研究
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摘要
碳酸盐岩探区的复杂构造成像与速度反演是目前地震数据处理难点问题。碳酸盐岩构造复杂、目标层极深、断点发育,常规处理方法很难得到比较好的成像与速度反演结果。为此提出基于角度域共成像点道集(ADCIGs)、面向碳酸盐岩储层的层析速度分析方法,利用波动方程双平方根算子叠前深度偏移提取的角度域共成像点道集作为速度分析道集,能够更为准确地反映速度和深度的耦合关系,并且减少了假象等的干扰,使得速度分析结果精度更高。模型和实际结果表明,该方法能够较好地解决碳酸盐岩探区的速度反演问题。
Imaging and velocity inversion of complex structure in clastic rock area are one of the difficult problems in data processing.The conventional processing methods could not obtain better imaging section and velocity field because of the complex structure,deep object layers and plenty of faults of clastic rock reservoir,on which this paper proposes a velocity inversion method on angle-domain common imaging gathers(ADCIGs).The methods use the ADCIGs extracted by wave-equation double square-root pre-stack depth migration method to perform velocity inversion.The ADCIGs could present the relationship between migration depth and migration velocity and could not be disturbed by pseudo imaging.In this way,the method could upgrade the precision and efficiency of velocity inversion.From the tests to model and field data,it is clear that the tomographic velocity inversion method could solve the velocity inversion problem of clastic rock area.
Imaging and velocity inversion of complex structure in clastic rock area are one of the difficult problems in data processing.The conventional processing methods could not obtain better imaging section and velocity field because of the complex structure,deep object layers and plenty of faults of clastic rock reservoir,on which this paper proposes a velocity inversion method on angle-domain common imaging gathers(ADCIGs).The methods use the ADCIGs extracted by wave-equation double square-root pre-stack depth migration method to perform velocity inversion.The ADCIGs could present the relationship between migration depth and migration velocity and could not be disturbed by pseudo imaging.In this way,the method could upgrade the precision and efficiency of velocity inversion.From the tests to model and field data,it is clear that the tomographic velocity inversion method could solve the velocity inversion problem of clastic rock area.
引文
[1]Zhang K,Li Z C,Zeng T S,et al.Residual Curvature Migration Ve-locity Analysis on Angle Domain Common Imaging Gathers[J].Applied geophysics,2010,7(1):46-56.
[2]李振春,姚云霞,马在田,等.波动方程法共成像点道集偏移速度分析建模[J].球物理学报,2003,46(1):86-93.
[3]Liu Z,Bleistein N.Migration velocity analysis:Theory and an iter-ative algorithm].Geophysics,1995,60(1):142-153.
[4]Xia F,Ren Y,Jin S.Residual migration velocity analysis using common angle imaging gathers[C]//SEG76th Annual Meeting,Expanded Abstracts,2006:2455-2459.
[5]Prucha M L,Biondi B L,Symes W W.Angle-domain common im-age gathers by wave-equation migration[C]//SEG69th Annual Meeting,Expanded Abstracts,1999:824-827.
[6]成谷,马在田,张宝金,等.地震层析成像中存在的主要问题及应对策略[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(3):512-518.
[7]Sava P,Fomel S.Angle-domain common-imaging gathers by wavefield continuation methods[J].Geophysics,2003,68(3):1065-1074.
[8]Xu S,Chauris H,Lambare G,et al.Common-angle migration:A strategy for imaging complex media[J].Geophysics,2001,66(6):1877-1894.
[9]Woodward M J.Wave-equation tomography[J].Geophysics,1992,57(1):15-26.
[10]Christof Stork.Reflection tomography in the post-migratated do-main[J].Geophysics,1992,57(5):680-692.
[11]Langan R T,Lerche I,Cutler R T.Tracing of rays through hetero-geneous media:An accurate and efficient procedure[J].Geo-physics,1985,50(6):1456-1465.
[2]李振春,姚云霞,马在田,等.波动方程法共成像点道集偏移速度分析建模[J].球物理学报,2003,46(1):86-93.
[3]Liu Z,Bleistein N.Migration velocity analysis:Theory and an iter-ative algorithm].Geophysics,1995,60(1):142-153.
[4]Xia F,Ren Y,Jin S.Residual migration velocity analysis using common angle imaging gathers[C]//SEG76th Annual Meeting,Expanded Abstracts,2006:2455-2459.
[5]Prucha M L,Biondi B L,Symes W W.Angle-domain common im-age gathers by wave-equation migration[C]//SEG69th Annual Meeting,Expanded Abstracts,1999:824-827.
[6]成谷,马在田,张宝金,等.地震层析成像中存在的主要问题及应对策略[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(3):512-518.
[7]Sava P,Fomel S.Angle-domain common-imaging gathers by wavefield continuation methods[J].Geophysics,2003,68(3):1065-1074.
[8]Xu S,Chauris H,Lambare G,et al.Common-angle migration:A strategy for imaging complex media[J].Geophysics,2001,66(6):1877-1894.
[9]Woodward M J.Wave-equation tomography[J].Geophysics,1992,57(1):15-26.
[10]Christof Stork.Reflection tomography in the post-migratated do-main[J].Geophysics,1992,57(5):680-692.
[11]Langan R T,Lerche I,Cutler R T.Tracing of rays through hetero-geneous media:An accurate and efficient procedure[J].Geo-physics,1985,50(6):1456-1465.
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