动态建模高精度外推反演方法研究与应用
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摘要
针对常规测井约束地震反演结果多解性强、分辨率低,很难从粗化的模型预测出精确的最优解,且对薄互层预测难度大等问题.本文提出了一种动态建模高精度外推反演的方法,它采用体空间动态建模的方法,不同于传统整体静态建模方法,即在井及外围体空间上优选多模型道逐道外推,反演结果可当作虚拟井实现空间外推.这样在地震波形和层序场约束下有利于地震波场空间重建,减弱地震反演对层位过高的要求,克服了常规整体静态建模受距离加权的影响,有利于解决复杂断层、复杂储层横向预测的问题,实现了测井地震高低频信息有效预测,提高了薄互层预测的分辨率和精度.通过理论模型试算和实际资料应用,预测垂向分辨率可达2～4 m.应用表明在先验知识约束下预测的精度和分辨率高于常规反演方法,在复杂储层预测中有较好的应用和推广价值.
Aiming at the problems such as the conventional well log constrained seismic inversion have multiple solutions,low resolution,the optimal solution of up-scaling model is very difficult to predict,the prediction of thin interbeded layers has more difficulties and so on.The dynamic modeling high-accuracy extrapolation inversion method is proposed in this paper.The prediction idea has been changed from the traditional overall static modeling to spatial dynamic modeling.The high-accuracy extrapolation inversion method trace by trace is beneficial to reestablish seismic wave field spatial.More model traces(virtual wells) are recorded around and outside the wells.In this way the higher requirements of horizon are weakened on conventional seismic inversion by the characteristic of seismic waveform and sequence field,and the distance-weighted impact of overall modeling is overcome.It is benefit for complex faults and reservoirs to solve the lateral prediction problem.The effective prediction is achieved for low and high frequency information of logging and seismic data.The resolution and accuracy of seismic prediction have been improved for thin interbeded layers.Theoretic simulations and field data applications propose that the resolution is up to 2~4 m in the vertical.This method is to make full use of the priori knowledge.The accuracy and resolution are higher than the conventional inversion method for reservoir prediction,so the method has a good application and popularization.
Aiming at the problems such as the conventional well log constrained seismic inversion have multiple solutions,low resolution,the optimal solution of up-scaling model is very difficult to predict,the prediction of thin interbeded layers has more difficulties and so on.The dynamic modeling high-accuracy extrapolation inversion method is proposed in this paper.The prediction idea has been changed from the traditional overall static modeling to spatial dynamic modeling.The high-accuracy extrapolation inversion method trace by trace is beneficial to reestablish seismic wave field spatial.More model traces(virtual wells) are recorded around and outside the wells.In this way the higher requirements of horizon are weakened on conventional seismic inversion by the characteristic of seismic waveform and sequence field,and the distance-weighted impact of overall modeling is overcome.It is benefit for complex faults and reservoirs to solve the lateral prediction problem.The effective prediction is achieved for low and high frequency information of logging and seismic data.The resolution and accuracy of seismic prediction have been improved for thin interbeded layers.Theoretic simulations and field data applications propose that the resolution is up to 2~4 m in the vertical.This method is to make full use of the priori knowledge.The accuracy and resolution are higher than the conventional inversion method for reservoir prediction,so the method has a good application and popularization.
引文
[1]雍学善,余建平,石兰亭.一种三维高精度储层参数反演方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,1997,32(6):852-856. Yong X S,Yu J P.Shi L T,1997,An accurate method for 3-D reservoir parameter inversion[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting. 32(6):852-856(in Chinese).
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[3]赵华,江洁,郑建军.Jason反演技术应用中的几个重要环节[J].油气地球物理,2003,1(1):39-42. Zhao H,Jiang J,Zheng J J,2003,Some important parts in the application of the Jason seismic inversion technique[J]. Petrolcum Geophysics,1(1):39-42(in Chinese).
[4]杨立强.测井约束地震反演综述[J].地球物理学进展2003,18 (3):(530-534). Yang L Q.A review of well log constrained seismic inversion [J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese) 2003,18(3).530- 534.
[5]何委徽,王家林,于鹏.地球物理联合反演研究的现状与趋势分析[J].地球物理学进展,2009,24(2):530-540. He W H.Wang J L,Yu P.Overview of the status and prospect of geophysical joint inversion[J].Progress in Geophysics,(in Chinese),2009,24(2):530-540.
[6]Burge D W,Neff D B.Well-based seismic lithology inversion for porosity and pay-thickness mapping.The Leading Edge, 1998,17:166-171.
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[8]吴媚,符力耘,李维新.高分辨率非线性储层物性参数反演方法和应用[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(2):546-557. Wu M,Fu L Y,Li W X.A high-resolution nonlinear inversion method of reservoir parameters and its application to oil/gas exploration[j].Chinese J.Geophysics,(in Chinese),2008,51 (2):546-557.
[9]Fu L Y.Joint inversions of seismic data for acoustic impedance [J].Geophysics,2004,69:994-1004.
[10]曹丹平,印兴耀,张繁昌等.多尺度地震资料联合反演方法研究[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(4):1059-1067. Cao D P,Yin X Y.Zhang F C,et al.A study on the method of joint inversion of multiscale seismic data[J].Chinese J. Geophysics,(in Chinese),2009,52(4):1059-1067.
[11]田迎春,章梓茂,马坚伟等.黏弹性双相介质参数反演的同伦方法[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(9):2.328-2334. Tian Y C,Zhang Z M,Ma J W,el al.Inversing physical parameter of two-phase viscoelastic media by homotopy method[J].Chinese J.Geophysics,(in Chinese),2009,52 (9):2328-2334.
[12]潘克家,王文娟,谭永基等.基于混合差分进化算法的地球物理线性反演[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(12):3083-3090. Pan K J,Wang W J,Tan Y J,el al.Geophysical linear inversion based on hybrid differential evolution algorithm[J]. Chinese J.Geophysics.(in Chinese),2009,52(12):3083 - 3090.
[13]魏超,朱培民,工家映.量子退火反演的原理和实现[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(2):577-583. Wei C,Zhu P M,Wang J Y.Quantum annealing inversion and its implementation[J].Chinese J.Geophysics,(in Chinese),2006,49(2):577-583.
[14]师学明,王家映,易远元,苑新喜,王晓明,张云姝.一种新的地球物理反演方法—-模拟原子跃迁反演法[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(1):305-312. Shi X M,Wang J Y,Yi Y Y,Yuan X X,Wang X M,Zhang Y S.A study on the simulated atomic transition algorithm for geophysical inversion.Chinese J.Geophysics,(in Chinese), 2007,50(1):305-312.
[15]苏小军,管仁顺,王利田,段林娣,孙新销.波形差异反演方法及其在气藏描述中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(5): 1578-1584. Su X J,Guan R S,Duan L D,Wang L T,Sun X X.The inverse of wave different and its application in the forecast of gas[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(5): 1578-1584.
[16]杨立强,宋海滨,郝天珧.基于BP神经网络的波阻抗反演及应用[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(1):34-37. Yang L Q,Song H B,Hao T Y.Application of impedance inversion based on BP neural network[J],Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2005,20(1):34-37.
[17]杨光大,陈湛文.地震资料波阻抗多尺度融合反演[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(3):718-723. Yang G D,Chen Z W.Multiscale syncretized acoustic impedance inversion using poststack seismic data[J]. Progress in GeophysicsGn Chinese),2005,20(3):718-723.
[18]于鹏,王家林,吴健生,王大为.重力与地震资料的模拟退火约束联合反演[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(2):529-538. Yu P,Wang J L,Wu J S,Wang D W.Constrained joint inversion of gravity and seismic data using the simulated annealing algorithm[J].Chinese J.Geophysics.(in Chinese),2007,50(2):529-538.
[19]陈洁,温宁,陈邦彦.重磁电震联合反演研究进展与展望[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(5):1427-1438. Chen J,Wen N,Chen B Y.Joint inversion of gravitymagnetic -electrical-seismic combination survey:progress and prospect[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22 (5):1427-1438.
[20]路鹏飞,杨长春,郭爱华,王真理,刘鹏.改进的模拟退火算法及其在叠前储层参数反演中的应用[J].地球物理学进展, 2008,23(1):104-109. Lu P F,Yang C C,Guo A H,Wang Z L,Liu P.Modified simulated annealing algorithm and its application pre-stack inversion of reservoir parameters[J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2008,23(1):104-109.
[21]岳碧波,彭真明,洪余刚等.基于粒子群优化算法的叠前角道集子波反演[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(12):311 6-3123. Yue B B,Peng Z M,Hong Y G,et at.Wavelet inversion of pre-stack seismic angle-gather based on particle swarm optimization algorithm[J].Chinese J.Geophysics.(in Chinese),2009,52(12):3116-3123.
[22]王保丽,印兴耀,张繁昌,李爱山.基于Fatti近似的弹性阻抗方程及反演[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(1):192-1 97. Wang B L,Yin X Y,Zhang F C Li A S.Elastic impedance equation based on Fatti approximation and inversion[J]. Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2008,23(1):192-197.
[23]陈建江,朱兴卉.AVO反演的不确定性分析[J].地球物理学进展,2009,24(4):1461-1467. Chen J J,Zhu X H.Uncertainty analysis for AVO inversion [J].Progress in Geophysics.(in Chinese),2009,24(4):1461 -1467.
[24]陈建江,印兴耀.基于贝叶斯理论的AV()三参数波形反演[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(4):1251-1260. Chen J J,Yin X Y.Three-parameter AVO waveform inversion based on Bayesian theorem[J].Chinese J. Geophysics,(in Chinese),2007,50(4):1251- 1260.
[25]彭真明,李亚林,魏文阁,等.粒子滤波非线性AVO反演方法[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(4):1218-1225. Peng Z M,Li Y L.Wei W G,et al.Nonlinear AVO inversion using particle filter.Chinese J.Geophysics,(in Chinese), 2008,51(4):1218-1225.
[26]蒋鸿亮,陈湛文,陈小宏.高分辨率AVO反演技术研究[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(2):478-482. Jiang H L,Chen Z W,Chen X H.High Resolution Research of AVO Inversion Technique[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(2):478-482.
[27]喻岳钰,杨长春,王彦飞,等.叠前弹性阻抗反演及其在.含气储层预测中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2009,24(2):574- 580. Yu Y Y,Yang C C,Wang Y F,etal.Application of pre-stack seismic elastic impedance inversion to gas reservoir[J]. Progress in Geophysics,(in Chinese),2009,24(2):574-580.
[28]张宏兵,杨长春,尚作萍.基于软约束模式的波阻抗反演[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(3):837-844. Zhang H B,Yang C C,Shang Z P.Impedance inversion with soft constrained mode[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(3):837-844.
[29]崔岩,王彦飞,杨长春.带先验知识的波阻抗反演正则化方法研究[J].地球物理学报,2009.52(8):2135-2141. Cui Y,Wang Y F,Yang C C,Regularizing method with a priori knowledge for seismic impedance inversion[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese).2009,52(8):2135- 2141.
[30]张宏兵,尚作萍,杨长春,段秋梁.波阻抗反演正则参数估计[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(1):181-188. Zhang H B,Shang Z P,Yang C C,Duan Q L.Estimation of regular parameters for the impedance inversion[J].Chinese J.Geophysics,(in Chinese),2005,48(1):181- 188
[2]孟宪军,金翔龙,钮学民,慎国强,王玉梅.地震反演中的三维复杂约束模型[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版).2004,28(6):21 -26. Meng X J,Jin J L,Niu X M,Shen G Q,Wang Y M,2004, esearch of 3-D complex constrained model in seismic inversion [J].Journal of the University of Petroleum(Natural Science Edition).28(6):21-26(in Chinese).
[3]赵华,江洁,郑建军.Jason反演技术应用中的几个重要环节[J].油气地球物理,2003,1(1):39-42. Zhao H,Jiang J,Zheng J J,2003,Some important parts in the application of the Jason seismic inversion technique[J]. Petrolcum Geophysics,1(1):39-42(in Chinese).
[4]杨立强.测井约束地震反演综述[J].地球物理学进展2003,18 (3):(530-534). Yang L Q.A review of well log constrained seismic inversion [J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese) 2003,18(3).530- 534.
[5]何委徽,王家林,于鹏.地球物理联合反演研究的现状与趋势分析[J].地球物理学进展,2009,24(2):530-540. He W H.Wang J L,Yu P.Overview of the status and prospect of geophysical joint inversion[J].Progress in Geophysics,(in Chinese),2009,24(2):530-540.
[6]Burge D W,Neff D B.Well-based seismic lithology inversion for porosity and pay-thickness mapping.The Leading Edge, 1998,17:166-171.
[7]刘百红,李建华,魏小东,等.随机反演在储层预测中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2009,24(2):581-589. Liu B H,Li J H.Wei X D.et al.The application of Stochastic seismic inversion in reservoir prediction[J].Progress in Geophysics,(in Chinese),2009,24(2):581-589.
[8]吴媚,符力耘,李维新.高分辨率非线性储层物性参数反演方法和应用[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(2):546-557. Wu M,Fu L Y,Li W X.A high-resolution nonlinear inversion method of reservoir parameters and its application to oil/gas exploration[j].Chinese J.Geophysics,(in Chinese),2008,51 (2):546-557.
[9]Fu L Y.Joint inversions of seismic data for acoustic impedance [J].Geophysics,2004,69:994-1004.
[10]曹丹平,印兴耀,张繁昌等.多尺度地震资料联合反演方法研究[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(4):1059-1067. Cao D P,Yin X Y.Zhang F C,et al.A study on the method of joint inversion of multiscale seismic data[J].Chinese J. Geophysics,(in Chinese),2009,52(4):1059-1067.
[11]田迎春,章梓茂,马坚伟等.黏弹性双相介质参数反演的同伦方法[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(9):2.328-2334. Tian Y C,Zhang Z M,Ma J W,el al.Inversing physical parameter of two-phase viscoelastic media by homotopy method[J].Chinese J.Geophysics,(in Chinese),2009,52 (9):2328-2334.
[12]潘克家,王文娟,谭永基等.基于混合差分进化算法的地球物理线性反演[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(12):3083-3090. Pan K J,Wang W J,Tan Y J,el al.Geophysical linear inversion based on hybrid differential evolution algorithm[J]. Chinese J.Geophysics.(in Chinese),2009,52(12):3083 - 3090.
[13]魏超,朱培民,工家映.量子退火反演的原理和实现[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(2):577-583. Wei C,Zhu P M,Wang J Y.Quantum annealing inversion and its implementation[J].Chinese J.Geophysics,(in Chinese),2006,49(2):577-583.
[14]师学明,王家映,易远元,苑新喜,王晓明,张云姝.一种新的地球物理反演方法—-模拟原子跃迁反演法[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(1):305-312. Shi X M,Wang J Y,Yi Y Y,Yuan X X,Wang X M,Zhang Y S.A study on the simulated atomic transition algorithm for geophysical inversion.Chinese J.Geophysics,(in Chinese), 2007,50(1):305-312.
[15]苏小军,管仁顺,王利田,段林娣,孙新销.波形差异反演方法及其在气藏描述中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(5): 1578-1584. Su X J,Guan R S,Duan L D,Wang L T,Sun X X.The inverse of wave different and its application in the forecast of gas[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(5): 1578-1584.
[16]杨立强,宋海滨,郝天珧.基于BP神经网络的波阻抗反演及应用[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(1):34-37. Yang L Q,Song H B,Hao T Y.Application of impedance inversion based on BP neural network[J],Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2005,20(1):34-37.
[17]杨光大,陈湛文.地震资料波阻抗多尺度融合反演[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(3):718-723. Yang G D,Chen Z W.Multiscale syncretized acoustic impedance inversion using poststack seismic data[J]. Progress in GeophysicsGn Chinese),2005,20(3):718-723.
[18]于鹏,王家林,吴健生,王大为.重力与地震资料的模拟退火约束联合反演[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(2):529-538. Yu P,Wang J L,Wu J S,Wang D W.Constrained joint inversion of gravity and seismic data using the simulated annealing algorithm[J].Chinese J.Geophysics.(in Chinese),2007,50(2):529-538.
[19]陈洁,温宁,陈邦彦.重磁电震联合反演研究进展与展望[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(5):1427-1438. Chen J,Wen N,Chen B Y.Joint inversion of gravitymagnetic -electrical-seismic combination survey:progress and prospect[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22 (5):1427-1438.
[20]路鹏飞,杨长春,郭爱华,王真理,刘鹏.改进的模拟退火算法及其在叠前储层参数反演中的应用[J].地球物理学进展, 2008,23(1):104-109. Lu P F,Yang C C,Guo A H,Wang Z L,Liu P.Modified simulated annealing algorithm and its application pre-stack inversion of reservoir parameters[J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2008,23(1):104-109.
[21]岳碧波,彭真明,洪余刚等.基于粒子群优化算法的叠前角道集子波反演[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(12):311 6-3123. Yue B B,Peng Z M,Hong Y G,et at.Wavelet inversion of pre-stack seismic angle-gather based on particle swarm optimization algorithm[J].Chinese J.Geophysics.(in Chinese),2009,52(12):3116-3123.
[22]王保丽,印兴耀,张繁昌,李爱山.基于Fatti近似的弹性阻抗方程及反演[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(1):192-1 97. Wang B L,Yin X Y,Zhang F C Li A S.Elastic impedance equation based on Fatti approximation and inversion[J]. Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2008,23(1):192-197.
[23]陈建江,朱兴卉.AVO反演的不确定性分析[J].地球物理学进展,2009,24(4):1461-1467. Chen J J,Zhu X H.Uncertainty analysis for AVO inversion [J].Progress in Geophysics.(in Chinese),2009,24(4):1461 -1467.
[24]陈建江,印兴耀.基于贝叶斯理论的AV()三参数波形反演[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(4):1251-1260. Chen J J,Yin X Y.Three-parameter AVO waveform inversion based on Bayesian theorem[J].Chinese J. Geophysics,(in Chinese),2007,50(4):1251- 1260.
[25]彭真明,李亚林,魏文阁,等.粒子滤波非线性AVO反演方法[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(4):1218-1225. Peng Z M,Li Y L.Wei W G,et al.Nonlinear AVO inversion using particle filter.Chinese J.Geophysics,(in Chinese), 2008,51(4):1218-1225.
[26]蒋鸿亮,陈湛文,陈小宏.高分辨率AVO反演技术研究[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(2):478-482. Jiang H L,Chen Z W,Chen X H.High Resolution Research of AVO Inversion Technique[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(2):478-482.
[27]喻岳钰,杨长春,王彦飞,等.叠前弹性阻抗反演及其在.含气储层预测中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2009,24(2):574- 580. Yu Y Y,Yang C C,Wang Y F,etal.Application of pre-stack seismic elastic impedance inversion to gas reservoir[J]. Progress in Geophysics,(in Chinese),2009,24(2):574-580.
[28]张宏兵,杨长春,尚作萍.基于软约束模式的波阻抗反演[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(3):837-844. Zhang H B,Yang C C,Shang Z P.Impedance inversion with soft constrained mode[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(3):837-844.
[29]崔岩,王彦飞,杨长春.带先验知识的波阻抗反演正则化方法研究[J].地球物理学报,2009.52(8):2135-2141. Cui Y,Wang Y F,Yang C C,Regularizing method with a priori knowledge for seismic impedance inversion[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese).2009,52(8):2135- 2141.
[30]张宏兵,尚作萍,杨长春,段秋梁.波阻抗反演正则参数估计[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(1):181-188. Zhang H B,Shang Z P,Yang C C,Duan Q L.Estimation of regular parameters for the impedance inversion[J].Chinese J.Geophysics,(in Chinese),2005,48(1):181- 188
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