谁是“全球变暖”的主因——碳的自然排放源与地球化学循环及气候变化主因研究评述
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摘要
通常认为,导致地球大气圈CO2温室气体增加的主要原因是人类对化石燃料的燃烧。笔者研究表明,导致地球大气圈CO2气体的增加还有更重要的来源,即自然因素。它们是火山气体、泥火山气体、矿床中的气体(金属矿、盐矿、煤矿、石油天然气藏等),与地震、海啸、洋中脊、洋壳蛇纹石化有关的气体,以及与森林大火有关的地球排气等等。而海洋—大气、土壤—大气的碳循环作为CO2与CH4的汇涉及到CO2、CH4的演化与循环。相比之下,人类活动在碳循环中的作用是很小的。只有全世界科学家通力合作,观测研究CO2、CH4气体的源与汇及其通量,进而对温室气体CO2与CH4做半定量、定量的评价,才能确定人类活动与地球排气对环境的影响孰主孰次。
It is generally believed that the increase of greenhouse gases(CO2,CH4) in the atmosphere is mainly caused by the burning of fossil fuels.This paper shows that there are some other important sources of the increase of greenhouse gases(CO2,CH4) by natural factors,such as volcanic gases,mud-volcanic gases,the gases from mineral deposits(metal mines,salt mines,coal mines,oil and gas reservoirs,and so on),the gases related to earthquake,tsunami,oceanic ridge,ocean-crust serpentinization,the earth outgassing related to forest fire.The ocean-atmosphere carbon cycle,soil-atmosphere carbon cycle are related to the sink,source and the evolution and cycle for CO2 and CH4.The burning of fossil fuels by human is probably a minor factor for carbon geochemical cycle of the earth.The carbon budget could be calculated and the evolution and origin of greenhouse gases(CO2,CH4) could be evaluated and recognized by observing and investigating the source,sink and flux of CO2 and CH4.It is only through the combination and cooperation of the global scientists in the different fields that the important issue could be performed.
It is generally believed that the increase of greenhouse gases(CO2,CH4) in the atmosphere is mainly caused by the burning of fossil fuels.This paper shows that there are some other important sources of the increase of greenhouse gases(CO2,CH4) by natural factors,such as volcanic gases,mud-volcanic gases,the gases from mineral deposits(metal mines,salt mines,coal mines,oil and gas reservoirs,and so on),the gases related to earthquake,tsunami,oceanic ridge,ocean-crust serpentinization,the earth outgassing related to forest fire.The ocean-atmosphere carbon cycle,soil-atmosphere carbon cycle are related to the sink,source and the evolution and cycle for CO2 and CH4.The burning of fossil fuels by human is probably a minor factor for carbon geochemical cycle of the earth.The carbon budget could be calculated and the evolution and origin of greenhouse gases(CO2,CH4) could be evaluated and recognized by observing and investigating the source,sink and flux of CO2 and CH4.It is only through the combination and cooperation of the global scientists in the different fields that the important issue could be performed.
引文
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4张景廉,杜乐天,张虎权等.四川汶川大地震与中地壳低速、高导层的成因关系初探.西北地震学报,2005,30(4):405-412.
5张景廉,杜乐天,曹正林等.再论汶川大地震与深部气体的关系.西北地震学报,2011,33(1):96-101.
6杜乐天.地球排气作用的重大意义及研究进展.地质论评,2005,50(2):174-180.
7方乐华,张景廉.油气是可以再生的.石油勘探与开发,2007,34(4):508-512.
8丁仲礼,段晓男,葛全胜等.2050年大气CO2浓度控制:各国排放权计算.中国科学D辑:地球科学,2009,39(8):1 009-1 027.
9丁仲礼,傅伯杰,韩兴同等.中国科学院“应对气候变化国际谈判的关键科学问题”项目群简介.中国科学院院刊,2009,24(2):8-17.
10孙枢,王成善“.深时(deep time)”研究与沉积学.沉积学报,2009,27(5):792-810.
11周鑫,郭正堂.浅析新生代气候变化与大气温室气体浓度的关系.地学前缘,2009,16(5):15-28.
12陈泮勤,程邦波,王芳等.全球气候变化的几个关键问题辨析.地球科学进展,2010,25(1):69-75.
2 Gold T,Soter S.The deep earth gas hypothesis.Scientific American,1980,342:154-161.
3李碧宁,焦养泉,张景廉.松潘-甘孜褶皱带的深部地壳构造特征及油气前景.新疆石油地质,2006,27(6):655-659.
4张景廉,杜乐天,张虎权等.四川汶川大地震与中地壳低速、高导层的成因关系初探.西北地震学报,2005,30(4):405-412.
5张景廉,杜乐天,曹正林等.再论汶川大地震与深部气体的关系.西北地震学报,2011,33(1):96-101.
6杜乐天.地球排气作用的重大意义及研究进展.地质论评,2005,50(2):174-180.
7方乐华,张景廉.油气是可以再生的.石油勘探与开发,2007,34(4):508-512.
8丁仲礼,段晓男,葛全胜等.2050年大气CO2浓度控制:各国排放权计算.中国科学D辑:地球科学,2009,39(8):1 009-1 027.
9丁仲礼,傅伯杰,韩兴同等.中国科学院“应对气候变化国际谈判的关键科学问题”项目群简介.中国科学院院刊,2009,24(2):8-17.
10孙枢,王成善“.深时(deep time)”研究与沉积学.沉积学报,2009,27(5):792-810.
11周鑫,郭正堂.浅析新生代气候变化与大气温室气体浓度的关系.地学前缘,2009,16(5):15-28.
12陈泮勤,程邦波,王芳等.全球气候变化的几个关键问题辨析.地球科学进展,2010,25(1):69-75.
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