羌塘地体内部双湖—冈玛错—龙木错构造带地质与地球物理特征
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摘要
本文概要总结了羌塘地体内部的双湖—冈玛错—龙木错构造带地质与地球物理特征。从地表出露的蓝闪片岩、混杂堆积和生物古地理特征的差异,以及重力异常带分布、Pn波异常特征及地震层析成像等可以看出,双湖—冈玛错—龙木错构造带很可能是冈瓦那大陆和欧亚大陆之间的缝合带。
This paper has summarized the geological and geophysical characteristics of the Shuanghu-Gangmacuo-Longmucuo structural belt in Qiangtang.The blue schist,mélange,gravity anomaly,Pn wave anomaly and seismic tomography image show that the Shuanghu-Gangmacuo-Longmucuo structural belt may be a suture between Gondwana plate and Asia-India plate.
This paper has summarized the geological and geophysical characteristics of the Shuanghu-Gangmacuo-Longmucuo structural belt in Qiangtang.The blue schist,mélange,gravity anomaly,Pn wave anomaly and seismic tomography image show that the Shuanghu-Gangmacuo-Longmucuo structural belt may be a suture between Gondwana plate and Asia-India plate.
引文
[1]李才.龙木错—双湖—澜沧江板块缝合带与石炭二叠纪冈瓦纳北界[J].长春地质学院学报,1987,17(2):155-166.Li Cai.The Longmucuo-Shuanghu-Lanchangjian Plate suture and the north boundary of distribution of Gondwana facies PermianCarboniferous system in northern Xizang,China[J].Journal of Changchun University of Earth Science,1987,17(2):155-166(in Chinese with English abstract).
[2]李才,程立人,胡克,等.西藏龙木错-双湖古特提斯缝合带研究[M].北京:地质出版社,1995.Li Cai,Cheng Liren,Hu Ke,et al.Study on the Paleo-Tethys Suture Zone of Lunmu Co-Shuanghu,Tibet[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1995(in Chinese).
[3]李才,王天武,杨德明,等.西藏羌塘中央隆起区物质组成与构造演化[J].长春科技大学学报,2001,31(1):25-36.Li Cai,Wang Tianwu,Yang Deming,et al.The lithological composition and tectonic evolution of Qiangtang central uplift region,Tibet[J].Journel of Changchun University of Earth Sciences,2001,31(1):25-36(in Chinese with English abstract).
[4]胡克,李才,程立人,等.西藏羌塘中部冈玛错-双湖蓝片岩带及其构造意义[J].长春地质学院学报,1995,25(3):268-274.Hu Ke,Li Cai,Cheng Liren,et al.Gangmacuo Shuanghu beluschist belt in central Qiangtang area of Tibet and its geological significance[J].Journel of Changchun University of Earth Sciences,1995,23(3):268-274(in Chinese with English abstract).
[5]邓希光,丁林,刘小汉.藏北羌塘中部冈玛日-桃形错蓝片岩地发现[J].地质科学,2000,35:227-332.Deng Xiguang,Ding Lin,Liu Xiaohan.Discovery of blueschists in Gangmar-Taoxing Co area,central Qiangtang,northern Tibet[J].Science Geologica Sinica,2000,35:227-332(in Chinese with English abstract).
[6]邓希光,丁林,刘小汉,等.青藏高原羌塘中部蓝片岩的地球化学特征及其构造意义[J].岩石学报,2002,18(4):517-525.Deng Xiguang,Ding Lin,Liu Xiaohan,et al.Geochemical characteristics of the blueschists and its tectonic significance in central Qiangtang area,Tibet[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2002,18(4):517-52(in Chinese with English abstract).
[7]呙中平,邓万明.藏北茶布-茶桑地区“蓝闪石”片岩中角闪石的成因及其构造意义[C]//青藏项目专家委员会编.青藏高原形成演化、环境变迁与生态系统研究.北京:科学出版社,1996:56-64.Wo Zhongping,Deng Wanming.Tectonic implication and Petrogenesis of hornblende in Glaucophane Schists in ChabuChasang area,northern Tibet[C]//Expert Committee of QinghaiXizang Project(ed.).Research of the formation,enviroment change on Qinghai-Xizang(Tibetan)plateau.Beijing:Science Press,1996:56-64(in Chinese).
[8]鲍佩声,肖序常,王军,等.西藏中北部双湖地区蓝片岩带及其构造涵义[J].地质学报,1999,73:302-314.Bao Peisheng,Xiao Xuchang,Wang Jun,et al.The blueschist belt in the Shuanghu region,Central-Northern Tibet and its tectonic implications[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,1999,73:302-314(in Chinese with English abstract).
[9]翟庆国,李才,王军,等.藏北羌塘中部戎玛地区蓝片岩岩石学、矿物学和40 Ar/39 Ar年代学[J].岩石学报,2009,25(09):2281-2288.Zhai Qingguo,Li Cai,Wang Jun,et al.Petrology,mineralogy and 40 Ar/39 Ar chronology for Rongma blueschist from central Qiangtang,northern Tibet[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2009,25(09):2281-2288(in Chinese with English abstract).
[10]李才,翟庆国,董永胜,等.青藏高原羌塘中部榴辉岩的发现及其意义[J].科学通报,2006,51(1):70-74.Li Cai,Zhai Qingguo,Dong Yongsheng,et al.Discovery and significance of the eclogite from central Qiangtang area,Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2006a,51(1):70-74(in Chinese with English abstract).
[11]李才,翟庆国,陈文,等.青藏高原羌塘中部榴辉岩Ar-Ar定年[J].岩石学报,2006b,22(12):2843-2849.Li Cai,Zhai Qingguo,Che Wen,et al.Ar-Ar chronometry of the eclogite from central Qiangtang area,Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2006b,22(12):2843-2849(in Chinese with English abstract).
[12]王成善,胡承祖,王瑞忠,等.西藏北部茶桑-茶布裂谷的发现及其地质意义[J].成都地质学院学报,1987,14(2):33-45.Wang Chenshan,Hu Chengzu,Wng Zhongrui,et al.Significance of the discovery of Chasang-Chabu Rift in Northern Xizang(Tibet)[J].Journal of Chengdu College of Geology,1987,14(2):33-45(in Chinese with English abstract).
[13]李春昱.再谈板块构造[J].西北地质科技情报(西北地质科学研究所),1973,1(增刊):1-26.Li Chunyu.Talk about Tectonics again[J].Northwest Geological Science and Technology Information,1973,1(Supp.):1-26(in Chinese).
[14]Dobretsov N L.Blueshists and eclogites:a possible plate tectonic mechanism for their emplacement from the upper mantle[J].Tectonophysics,1991,186:253-268.
[15]任纪舜.中国及邻区大地构造图[M].北京:中国地质出版社,1997.Ren Jishun.China and its Adjacent Area Tectonic Map[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1997(in Chinese).
[16]程立人,李才,胡克.西藏羌塘地区中部混杂堆积的发现及其地质意义[J].长春科技大学学报,1998,28(3):354-365.Cheng Liren,Li Cai,Hu Ke.Discovery and geological implications of the melange in central Qiangtang region,Tibet[J].Journal of Changchun University of Science and Technology,1998,28(3):354-365(in Chinese with English abstract).
[17]李才,翟庆国,董永胜,等.冈瓦纳大陆北缘早期的洋壳信息———来自青藏高原羌塘中部早古生代蛇绿岩的依据[J].地质通报,2008,27(10):1605-1612.Li Cai,Zhai Qingguo,Dong Yongsheng,et al.Oceanic crust on the northern margin of Gondwana———evidence from Early Paleozoic ophiolite in central Qiangtang,Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2008,27(10):1605-1612(in Chinese with English abstract).
[18]翟庆国,李才,黄小鹏.西藏羌塘角木日地区二叠纪蛇绿岩地质特征及构造意义[J].地质通报,2004,23(12):1228-1230.Zhai Qingguo,Li Cai,Huang Xiaopeng.Geochemistry of Permian basalt in the Jiaomuri area,central Qiangtang,Tibet,China,and its tectonic significance[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2006,25(12):1419-1427(in Chinese with English abstract).
[19]翟庆国,李才,黄小鹏.西藏羌塘中部古特提斯洋残片———来自果干加山变质基性岩地球化学证据[J].中国科学(D辑),2007,37(7):866-872.Zhai Qingguo,Li Cai,Huang Xiaopeng,et al.The fragment of Paleo-Tethys ophiolite from central Qiangtang,Tibet:geochemical evidence of metabasites in Guoganjianian[J].Science in China(Series D.),2007,50(9):1302-1309(in Chinese with English abstract).
[20]鲁兵,刘池阳,刘忠,等.羌塘盆地的基底组成、结构特征及其意义[J].地震地质,2001,23(4):581-587.Lu Bing,Liu Chiyang,Liu Zhong,et al.Basement formation and structural features of the Qiangtang basin and their implications[J].Seismology and Geology,2001,23(4):581-587(in Chinese with English abstract).
[21]郑洪伟,孟令顺,贺日政.青藏高原布格重力异常匹配滤波分析及其构造意义[J].中国地质,2010,37(4):995-1001.Zheng Hongwei,Meng Lingshun,He Rizheng.Matched-filter analysis of Bouguer gravity anomaly in Tibetan Plateau and its tectonic implications[J].Geology in China,2010,37(4):995-1001(in Chinese with English abstract).
[22]McNamara D E,Walter W R,Owens T J,et al.Upper mantle velocity structure beneath the Tibetan plateau from Pn travel time tomography[J].J.Geophys.Res.1997,102:493-505.
[23]邓万明,钟大赉.壳-幔过渡带及其在岩石圈构造演化中的地质意义[J].科学通报,1997,42(23):2475-2482.Deng Wanming,Zhong Dalai.Crust-Mantle translational zone and its Tectonic evolution significance[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,1997,42(23):2475-2482(in Chinese with English abstract).
[24]侯贺晟,高锐,卢占武,等.青藏高原羌塘盆地中央隆起近地表速度结构的初至波层析成像试验[J].地质通报,2009,28(6):738-745.Hou Hesheng,Gao Rui,Lu Zhanwu,et al.First arrival seismic tomographic imaging test of the near-surface velocity structure of central uplift in the Qiangtang basin,Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2009,28(6):738-745(in Chinese with English abstract).
[25]Kapp Paul,Yin An,Harrison T Mark,et al.Cretaceous–Tertiary shortening,basin development,and volcanism in central Tibet[J].Geological Society of America,2005,117(7/8):865-878.
[26]邹长桥,贺日政,高锐.远震P波层析成像研究羌塘中央隆起带深部结构[J].科学通报,2012(待刊).Zou Changqiao,He Rizheng,Gao Rui,et al.Deep structure of the central uplift belt in the Qiangtang terrane,Tibet Plateau from teleseismic P-wave tomography[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2012,in press(in Chinese with English abstract).
[2]李才,程立人,胡克,等.西藏龙木错-双湖古特提斯缝合带研究[M].北京:地质出版社,1995.Li Cai,Cheng Liren,Hu Ke,et al.Study on the Paleo-Tethys Suture Zone of Lunmu Co-Shuanghu,Tibet[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1995(in Chinese).
[3]李才,王天武,杨德明,等.西藏羌塘中央隆起区物质组成与构造演化[J].长春科技大学学报,2001,31(1):25-36.Li Cai,Wang Tianwu,Yang Deming,et al.The lithological composition and tectonic evolution of Qiangtang central uplift region,Tibet[J].Journel of Changchun University of Earth Sciences,2001,31(1):25-36(in Chinese with English abstract).
[4]胡克,李才,程立人,等.西藏羌塘中部冈玛错-双湖蓝片岩带及其构造意义[J].长春地质学院学报,1995,25(3):268-274.Hu Ke,Li Cai,Cheng Liren,et al.Gangmacuo Shuanghu beluschist belt in central Qiangtang area of Tibet and its geological significance[J].Journel of Changchun University of Earth Sciences,1995,23(3):268-274(in Chinese with English abstract).
[5]邓希光,丁林,刘小汉.藏北羌塘中部冈玛日-桃形错蓝片岩地发现[J].地质科学,2000,35:227-332.Deng Xiguang,Ding Lin,Liu Xiaohan.Discovery of blueschists in Gangmar-Taoxing Co area,central Qiangtang,northern Tibet[J].Science Geologica Sinica,2000,35:227-332(in Chinese with English abstract).
[6]邓希光,丁林,刘小汉,等.青藏高原羌塘中部蓝片岩的地球化学特征及其构造意义[J].岩石学报,2002,18(4):517-525.Deng Xiguang,Ding Lin,Liu Xiaohan,et al.Geochemical characteristics of the blueschists and its tectonic significance in central Qiangtang area,Tibet[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2002,18(4):517-52(in Chinese with English abstract).
[7]呙中平,邓万明.藏北茶布-茶桑地区“蓝闪石”片岩中角闪石的成因及其构造意义[C]//青藏项目专家委员会编.青藏高原形成演化、环境变迁与生态系统研究.北京:科学出版社,1996:56-64.Wo Zhongping,Deng Wanming.Tectonic implication and Petrogenesis of hornblende in Glaucophane Schists in ChabuChasang area,northern Tibet[C]//Expert Committee of QinghaiXizang Project(ed.).Research of the formation,enviroment change on Qinghai-Xizang(Tibetan)plateau.Beijing:Science Press,1996:56-64(in Chinese).
[8]鲍佩声,肖序常,王军,等.西藏中北部双湖地区蓝片岩带及其构造涵义[J].地质学报,1999,73:302-314.Bao Peisheng,Xiao Xuchang,Wang Jun,et al.The blueschist belt in the Shuanghu region,Central-Northern Tibet and its tectonic implications[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,1999,73:302-314(in Chinese with English abstract).
[9]翟庆国,李才,王军,等.藏北羌塘中部戎玛地区蓝片岩岩石学、矿物学和40 Ar/39 Ar年代学[J].岩石学报,2009,25(09):2281-2288.Zhai Qingguo,Li Cai,Wang Jun,et al.Petrology,mineralogy and 40 Ar/39 Ar chronology for Rongma blueschist from central Qiangtang,northern Tibet[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2009,25(09):2281-2288(in Chinese with English abstract).
[10]李才,翟庆国,董永胜,等.青藏高原羌塘中部榴辉岩的发现及其意义[J].科学通报,2006,51(1):70-74.Li Cai,Zhai Qingguo,Dong Yongsheng,et al.Discovery and significance of the eclogite from central Qiangtang area,Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2006a,51(1):70-74(in Chinese with English abstract).
[11]李才,翟庆国,陈文,等.青藏高原羌塘中部榴辉岩Ar-Ar定年[J].岩石学报,2006b,22(12):2843-2849.Li Cai,Zhai Qingguo,Che Wen,et al.Ar-Ar chronometry of the eclogite from central Qiangtang area,Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2006b,22(12):2843-2849(in Chinese with English abstract).
[12]王成善,胡承祖,王瑞忠,等.西藏北部茶桑-茶布裂谷的发现及其地质意义[J].成都地质学院学报,1987,14(2):33-45.Wang Chenshan,Hu Chengzu,Wng Zhongrui,et al.Significance of the discovery of Chasang-Chabu Rift in Northern Xizang(Tibet)[J].Journal of Chengdu College of Geology,1987,14(2):33-45(in Chinese with English abstract).
[13]李春昱.再谈板块构造[J].西北地质科技情报(西北地质科学研究所),1973,1(增刊):1-26.Li Chunyu.Talk about Tectonics again[J].Northwest Geological Science and Technology Information,1973,1(Supp.):1-26(in Chinese).
[14]Dobretsov N L.Blueshists and eclogites:a possible plate tectonic mechanism for their emplacement from the upper mantle[J].Tectonophysics,1991,186:253-268.
[15]任纪舜.中国及邻区大地构造图[M].北京:中国地质出版社,1997.Ren Jishun.China and its Adjacent Area Tectonic Map[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1997(in Chinese).
[16]程立人,李才,胡克.西藏羌塘地区中部混杂堆积的发现及其地质意义[J].长春科技大学学报,1998,28(3):354-365.Cheng Liren,Li Cai,Hu Ke.Discovery and geological implications of the melange in central Qiangtang region,Tibet[J].Journal of Changchun University of Science and Technology,1998,28(3):354-365(in Chinese with English abstract).
[17]李才,翟庆国,董永胜,等.冈瓦纳大陆北缘早期的洋壳信息———来自青藏高原羌塘中部早古生代蛇绿岩的依据[J].地质通报,2008,27(10):1605-1612.Li Cai,Zhai Qingguo,Dong Yongsheng,et al.Oceanic crust on the northern margin of Gondwana———evidence from Early Paleozoic ophiolite in central Qiangtang,Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2008,27(10):1605-1612(in Chinese with English abstract).
[18]翟庆国,李才,黄小鹏.西藏羌塘角木日地区二叠纪蛇绿岩地质特征及构造意义[J].地质通报,2004,23(12):1228-1230.Zhai Qingguo,Li Cai,Huang Xiaopeng.Geochemistry of Permian basalt in the Jiaomuri area,central Qiangtang,Tibet,China,and its tectonic significance[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2006,25(12):1419-1427(in Chinese with English abstract).
[19]翟庆国,李才,黄小鹏.西藏羌塘中部古特提斯洋残片———来自果干加山变质基性岩地球化学证据[J].中国科学(D辑),2007,37(7):866-872.Zhai Qingguo,Li Cai,Huang Xiaopeng,et al.The fragment of Paleo-Tethys ophiolite from central Qiangtang,Tibet:geochemical evidence of metabasites in Guoganjianian[J].Science in China(Series D.),2007,50(9):1302-1309(in Chinese with English abstract).
[20]鲁兵,刘池阳,刘忠,等.羌塘盆地的基底组成、结构特征及其意义[J].地震地质,2001,23(4):581-587.Lu Bing,Liu Chiyang,Liu Zhong,et al.Basement formation and structural features of the Qiangtang basin and their implications[J].Seismology and Geology,2001,23(4):581-587(in Chinese with English abstract).
[21]郑洪伟,孟令顺,贺日政.青藏高原布格重力异常匹配滤波分析及其构造意义[J].中国地质,2010,37(4):995-1001.Zheng Hongwei,Meng Lingshun,He Rizheng.Matched-filter analysis of Bouguer gravity anomaly in Tibetan Plateau and its tectonic implications[J].Geology in China,2010,37(4):995-1001(in Chinese with English abstract).
[22]McNamara D E,Walter W R,Owens T J,et al.Upper mantle velocity structure beneath the Tibetan plateau from Pn travel time tomography[J].J.Geophys.Res.1997,102:493-505.
[23]邓万明,钟大赉.壳-幔过渡带及其在岩石圈构造演化中的地质意义[J].科学通报,1997,42(23):2475-2482.Deng Wanming,Zhong Dalai.Crust-Mantle translational zone and its Tectonic evolution significance[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,1997,42(23):2475-2482(in Chinese with English abstract).
[24]侯贺晟,高锐,卢占武,等.青藏高原羌塘盆地中央隆起近地表速度结构的初至波层析成像试验[J].地质通报,2009,28(6):738-745.Hou Hesheng,Gao Rui,Lu Zhanwu,et al.First arrival seismic tomographic imaging test of the near-surface velocity structure of central uplift in the Qiangtang basin,Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2009,28(6):738-745(in Chinese with English abstract).
[25]Kapp Paul,Yin An,Harrison T Mark,et al.Cretaceous–Tertiary shortening,basin development,and volcanism in central Tibet[J].Geological Society of America,2005,117(7/8):865-878.
[26]邹长桥,贺日政,高锐.远震P波层析成像研究羌塘中央隆起带深部结构[J].科学通报,2012(待刊).Zou Changqiao,He Rizheng,Gao Rui,et al.Deep structure of the central uplift belt in the Qiangtang terrane,Tibet Plateau from teleseismic P-wave tomography[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2012,in press(in Chinese with English abstract).
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