滇东北新生代盆地构造反转与生物气藏的形成
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摘要
利用二维地震测线,结合地质和钻井等资料,通过开展详细的构造和沉积解释,分析滇东北褶皱带上的曲靖、越州和陆良3个残余型陆相沉积盆地的构造特征、形成演化和成因联系,特别对渐新世末和上新世末2期重要的构造反转进行较系统地综合研究,分析构造反转活动对生物气成藏条件的控制作用。研究结果表明:渐新世末的构造反转避免了蔡家冲组沉积有机质的大量消耗,促使了蔡家冲组主力烃源岩的二次产气,保障了第四纪以来生物气成藏的有机物质和气源的持续供给;上新世末的构造反转控制了生物气成藏要素的有利时空配置,控制了滇东北新生代盆地生物气藏的形成。中央断凹带及其与断褶带和斜坡带的过渡区带具有良好的生物气生成、运聚和保存条件,为生物气藏富集区带。
Through tectonic and sedimentary interpretation,using two-dimensional seismic lines combining with geological data and well logs,the tectonic characteristics,evolution and genetic relationship of Qujing,Yuezhou,and Luliang basins locating in the fold zone of north-eastern Yunnan Province were discussed,and the effect of tectonic reverse during the Late Oligocene and the end of Pliocene on the accumulation elements of biogenic gas was analysed.The results show that as a result of tectonic reverse of the Late Oligocene,the over-consumption of the organic matters in Caijiachong Formation by organic maturation and hydrocarbon generation or biogas generation was significantly avoided.It ensured the continuous-effective biogenic gas formation providing to the biogas accumulations since Quaternary.The tectonic reverse in the end of Pliocene made the essential elements for the process of biogas accumulation to be placed effectively in time and space,and controlled forming of the biogas reservoir.The middle fault-dowenwarp belt and its transition region with the fault-fold belt and slope belt are the favorite prospecting areas of biogas reservoirs in the basin.
Through tectonic and sedimentary interpretation,using two-dimensional seismic lines combining with geological data and well logs,the tectonic characteristics,evolution and genetic relationship of Qujing,Yuezhou,and Luliang basins locating in the fold zone of north-eastern Yunnan Province were discussed,and the effect of tectonic reverse during the Late Oligocene and the end of Pliocene on the accumulation elements of biogenic gas was analysed.The results show that as a result of tectonic reverse of the Late Oligocene,the over-consumption of the organic matters in Caijiachong Formation by organic maturation and hydrocarbon generation or biogas generation was significantly avoided.It ensured the continuous-effective biogenic gas formation providing to the biogas accumulations since Quaternary.The tectonic reverse in the end of Pliocene made the essential elements for the process of biogas accumulation to be placed effectively in time and space,and controlled forming of the biogas reservoir.The middle fault-dowenwarp belt and its transition region with the fault-fold belt and slope belt are the favorite prospecting areas of biogas reservoirs in the basin.
引文
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[27]朱筱敏,刘成林,曾庆猛,等.我国典型天然气藏输导体系研究:以鄂尔多斯盆地苏里格气田为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(6):724-729.ZHU Xiao-min,LIU Cheng-lin,ZENG Qing-meng,et al.Study of carrier system of typical gas reservoirs in China:Taking Sulige gas field in Ordos basin as an example[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2005,26(6):724-729.
[28]陈发景,张光亚,陈昭年.不整合分析及其在陆相盆地构造研究中的意义[J].现代地质,2004,18(4):269-275.CHEN Fa-jing,ZHANG Guang-ya,CHEN Zhao-nian.Unconformity analysis and its significance in the study of continental basin tectonics[J].Geoscience,2004,18(4):269-275.
[2]王大锐,罗槐章.云南陆良盆地天然气及烃源岩地球化学特征—兼论滇黔桂地区寻找生物气田的可能性[J].天然气工业,2000,20(3):12-15.WANG Da-rui,LUO Huai-zhang.Geochemical characteristics of the natural gas and source rocks in Luliang Basin,Yunnan Province—A possibility of surveying biogas fields in Dian-Qian-Gui region[J].Natural Gas Industry,2000,20(3):12-15.
[3]周荔青,刘池阳.滇黔桂地区新生代走滑拉分裂陷盆地生物气成藏规律[J].天然气工业,2004,24(12):10-13.ZHOU Li-qing,LIU Chi-yang.Biogas reservoir formation law in Cenozoic strike-slip tensional rift-sag basins in Yunnan-Guizhou-Guangxi region[J].Natural Gas Industry,2004,24(12):10-13.
[4]陆黄生,周荔青.滇黔桂地区新生代盆地生物气成藏分区性[J].石油实验地质,2004,26(6):525-530.LU Huang,ZHOU Li-qing.Pool-forming zonality of biogases in the cenozoic basins of Dian-Qian-Gui area[J].Experimental Petroleum Geology,2004,26(6):525-530.
[5]彭劲,陈昭全,邵昌民,等.曲靖盆地新生代地层新认识[J].南方油气,2005,18(4):13-17.PENG Jin,CHEN Zhao-quan,SHAO Chang-min,et al.New cognition on cenozoic strata in Qujing Basin[J].Southern China Oil&Gas,2005,18(4):13-17.
[6]陈跃昆,陈昭全,段华,等.云南第三系盆地油气资源潜力与前景分析[J].中国工程科学,2005,7(增刊):97-101.CHEN Yue-kun,CHEN Zhao-quan,DUAN Hua,et al.Hydrocarbon potential and prospect of tertiary basin in Yunnan Province[J].Engineering Science,2005,7(Suppl):97-101.
[7]何生,石万忠.云南曲靖-陆良盆地浅层气地质综合评价与勘探目标优选[R].中国地质大学(武汉),中石化股份有限公司南方勘探开发分公司,2006.HE Sheng,SHI Wang-zhong.Shallow gas geology comprehensive evaluation and exploration target optimization in Qujing Basin and Luliang Basin,Yunnan Province[R].China University of Geoscience(Wuhan),Southern Exploration&Production Company,SINOPEC,2006.
[8]侯宇光,何生,唐大卿.曲靖盆地构造演化及其对生物气成藏条件的控制[J].现代地质,2006,20(4):597-604.HOU Yu-guang,HE Sheng,TANG Da-qing.Tectonic evolution and its effect on the accumulation elements of biogas in Qujing Basin[J].Geoscience,2006,20(4):597-604.
[9]侯宇光,何生.曲靖盆地生物气成藏条件及主控因素分析[J].地质科技情报,2008,27(1):53-58.HOU Yu-guang,HE Sheng.The analysis of elements of biogas accumulation in Qujing Basin.Geological Science and Technology Information,2008,27(1):53-58.
[10]刘树根,赵永胜.云南陆良(含越州、曲靖)盆地综合评价及勘探目标选择[R].成都:成都理工学院石油系,1996:1-5.LIU Shu-geng,ZHAO Yong-sheng.Comprehensive evaluation and exploration target optimization in Luliang Basin(including Yuezhou and Qujing basin),Yunnan Province[R].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology.Department of Oil,1996:1-5.
[11]刘和甫,汪泽成,熊保贤,等.中国中西部中、新生代前陆盆地与挤压造山带耦合分析[J].地学前缘,2000,7(3):55-72.LIU He-fu,WANG Ze-cheng,XIONG Bao-xian,et al.Coupling analysis of Mesozoic-Cenozoic foreland basin and mountain system in central and western China[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2000,7(3):55-72.
[12]向宏发,韩竹军,虢顺民,等.红河断裂带大型右旋走滑运动定量研究的若干问题[J].地球科学进展,2004,19(suppl):56-59.XIANG Hong-fa,HAN Zhu-jun,GUO Shun-min,et al.Processing about quantitative study of large-scale strike-slip movement on Red River fault zone[J].Advance in Earth Sciences,2004,19(Suppl):56-59.
[13]孙珍,钟志洪,周蒂,等.红河断裂带的新生代变形机制及莺歌海盆地的实验证据[J].热带海洋学报,2003,22(2):1-9.SUN Zhen,ZHONG Zhi-hong,ZHOU Di,et al.Deformation mechanism of Red River fault zone during Cenozoic and experimental evidences related to Yinggehai Basin formation[J].Tropic Oceanology,2003,22(2):1-9.
[14]Allen C R,Gillespie A R,Han Y,et al.Red River and associated Yunnan Province,China:Quaternary Geology.Slip Rates and Seismic Hazard[J].Geological Society of America Bulletin,1984,95:686-700.
[15]万天丰,任之鹤.中国中、新生代板内变形速度研究[J].现代地质,1999,13(1):83-92.WAN Tian-feng,REN Zhi-he.Research on the intraplate deformation velocity of China in Meso Cenozoic[J].Geoscience,1999,13(1):83-92.
[16]王刚,王二七.挤压造山带中的伸展构造及其成因——以滇中地区晚新生代构造为例[J].地震地质,2005,27(2):188-199.WANG Gang,WANG Er-qi.Extensional structures within the compressional orogenic belt and its mechanism:a case study for the late Cenozoic deformation in Central Yunnan[J].Seismology and Geology,2005,27(2):188-199.
[17]沈军,汪一鹏,宋方敏,等.小江断裂带中段晚新生代构造盆地演化阶段[J].地震研究,1998,21(1):58-64.SHEN Jun,WANG Yi-peng,SONG Fang-min,et al.The evolution stages of the late Cenozoic tectonic basins in the central part of the Xiaojiang fault zone[J].Journal of Seismological Research,1998,21(1):58-64.
[18]黄绍甫,朱扬明.百色盆地浅层气成藏机制分析[J].天然气工业,2004,24(11):11-14.HUANG Shao-fu,ZHU Yang-ming.Genetic types and reservoiring mechanism analysis of shallow gas in Baise Basin,Guangxi[J].Natural Gas Industry,2004,24(11):11-14.
[19]Martini A M,Walter L M,Budai J M,et al.Genetic and temporal relations between formation waters and biogenic methane:Upper Devonian Antrim Shale,Michigan Basin,USA[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1998,62(10):1699-1720.
[20]Shurr G W,Ridgley J L.Unconventional shallow biogenic gas systems[J].AAPG Bulletin,2002,86(11):1939-1969.
[21]党玉琪,侯泽生,徐子远,等.柴达木盆地生物气成藏条件[J].新疆石油地质,2003,24(5):374-378.DANG Yu-qi,HOU Ze-sheng,XU Zi-yuan,et al.The conditions for biogas accumulation in Qaidam Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2003,24(5):374-378.
[22]王庭斌.中国气成藏主要形成、定型于新近纪以来的构造运动[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,25(2):126-132.WANG Ting-bin.Gas pools in China have mainly been formed and finalized during tectonic movements since Noegene[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2004,25(2):126-132.
[23]张水昌,赵文智,李先奇,等.生物气研究新进展与勘探策略[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(4):90-96.ZHANG Shui-chang,ZHAO Wen-zhi,LI Xian-qi,et al.Advances in biogenic gas studies and play strategies[J].Petroleum Exploration&Development,2005,32(4):90-96.
[24]李明宅,张洪年,郜建军.生物气的生成演化模式和初次运移特征[J].石油实验地质,1995,17(2):117-122.LI Ming-zhai,ZHANG Hong-nian,GAO Jian-jun.Generation and evolution models and primary migration features of biogases[J].Experimental Petroleum Geology,1995,17(2):117-122.
[25]关德师,戚厚发,钱贻伯,等.生物气的生成演化模式[J].石油学报,1997,18(3):31-36.GUAN De-shi,QI Hou-fa,QIAN Yi-bo,et al.Generation and evolution model of biogenic gas[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1997,18(3):31-36.
[26]周兴熙.成藏要素的时空结构与油气富集:兼论近源富集成藏[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(6):711-716.ZHOU Xing-xi.Time-space structure of reservoiring elements and hydrocarbon enrichment:Concurrently discussing near-source reservoiring[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2005,26(6):711-716.
[27]朱筱敏,刘成林,曾庆猛,等.我国典型天然气藏输导体系研究:以鄂尔多斯盆地苏里格气田为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(6):724-729.ZHU Xiao-min,LIU Cheng-lin,ZENG Qing-meng,et al.Study of carrier system of typical gas reservoirs in China:Taking Sulige gas field in Ordos basin as an example[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2005,26(6):724-729.
[28]陈发景,张光亚,陈昭年.不整合分析及其在陆相盆地构造研究中的意义[J].现代地质,2004,18(4):269-275.CHEN Fa-jing,ZHANG Guang-ya,CHEN Zhao-nian.Unconformity analysis and its significance in the study of continental basin tectonics[J].Geoscience,2004,18(4):269-275.
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