松辽盆地中生代火山岩优质储层控制因素及分布预测
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摘要
中生代火山岩是松辽盆地深层天然气藏的主要储层。综合研究认为松辽盆地中生代火山岩优质储层的形成受控于岩性、岩相、裂缝及成岩作用,裂缝发育的酸性爆发相或溢流相顶部是火山岩优质储层主要发育区带。火山岩岩性控制孔隙的发育程度,是优质储层形成的基础,通过不同岩性的物性特征对比研究,提出酸性火山岩为深层优势岩性。一个完整的火山机构从中心向边部依次发育火山通道相、溢流相、侵出相、爆发相、火山沉积相,通过已钻井资料对比分析发现,岩相控制火山机构内优质储层的分布,近火山口的爆发相、溢流相上部亚相为有利的相带。裂缝是深部流体运移的重要通道,可以改善渗透条件,促使次生孔隙发育,是高产气藏形成的关键,高角度裂缝和溶蚀孔隙组合带是火山岩储层发育的有利区带。总之,根据以上认识,应用地震等资料综合识别预测火山岩总个数为272个,并评价出一类火山岩127个、二类火山岩96个和三类火山岩49个,为下一步勘探部署提供了依据。
The Mesozoic volcanic rocks are the major reservoirs for the deep-buried gas in Songliao Basin. Comprehensive study shows that the formation of high-quality reservoir of Mesozoic volcanic rocks in Songliao Basin is controlled by lithology, lithofacies, fracture and diagenesis. The top of the flood facies, fracture-developed acidic explosive facies are the major development area of high-quality reservoirs. The volcanic lithology which controls the growth of pore is thought as the basis for the formation of high-quality reservoirs. The comparative studies on physical properties of different volcanic lithology indicate the acidic volcanic rocks are preponderant type of reservoir rocks. A whole and independent volcanic edifice is composed of volcanic conduit facies, flood facies, explosive facies, extrusive facies and volcano sedimentary facies from core to edge. A comparative analysis illustrates that the volcanic lithofacies control distribution of high-quality reservoirs in independent volcanic edifice and explosive facies and the top of flood facies around volcanic crater are favorable zone for reservoirs. Deep fractures, which not only betterment filtering conditions of seepage flow, but also impel growth of secondary pores, are important pathways for deep fluids, and key factors for buildup of gas pool with high production. Besides, the high- angle fractures densely developed are easy to form favorable reservoir zones with the assemblage of high-angle fractures and dissolution pores. Based on above conclusion, there are 272 volcanic edifices comprehensively identified in whole basin on the basis of seismic data and so on, with first class of 127, second class of 96 and third class of 49, which provided the basis for exploration deployment.
The Mesozoic volcanic rocks are the major reservoirs for the deep-buried gas in Songliao Basin. Comprehensive study shows that the formation of high-quality reservoir of Mesozoic volcanic rocks in Songliao Basin is controlled by lithology, lithofacies, fracture and diagenesis. The top of the flood facies, fracture-developed acidic explosive facies are the major development area of high-quality reservoirs. The volcanic lithology which controls the growth of pore is thought as the basis for the formation of high-quality reservoirs. The comparative studies on physical properties of different volcanic lithology indicate the acidic volcanic rocks are preponderant type of reservoir rocks. A whole and independent volcanic edifice is composed of volcanic conduit facies, flood facies, explosive facies, extrusive facies and volcano sedimentary facies from core to edge. A comparative analysis illustrates that the volcanic lithofacies control distribution of high-quality reservoirs in independent volcanic edifice and explosive facies and the top of flood facies around volcanic crater are favorable zone for reservoirs. Deep fractures, which not only betterment filtering conditions of seepage flow, but also impel growth of secondary pores, are important pathways for deep fluids, and key factors for buildup of gas pool with high production. Besides, the high- angle fractures densely developed are easy to form favorable reservoir zones with the assemblage of high-angle fractures and dissolution pores. Based on above conclusion, there are 272 volcanic edifices comprehensively identified in whole basin on the basis of seismic data and so on, with first class of 127, second class of 96 and third class of 49, which provided the basis for exploration deployment.
引文
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[19]王璞,迟元林,刘万洙,等.松辽盆地火山岩相:类型、特征和储层意义[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2003,33(4):317～325.
[20]黄薇,邵红梅,赵海玲,等.松辽盆地北部徐深气田营城组火山岩储层特征[J].石油学报,2006,27(S1):47～51.
[21]蔡冬梅,孙立东,齐景顺,等.徐家围子断陷火山岩储层特征及演化规律[J].石油学报,2010,31(3):401～408.
[22]宋立忠,赵泽辉,焦贵浩,等.松辽盆地早白垩世火山岩地球化学特征及其构造意义[J].岩石学报,2010,26(4):1182～1194.
[23]冯之辉,印长海,齐景顺,等.大型火山岩气田成藏控制因素研究——以松辽盆地庆深气田为例[J].岩石学报,2010,26(1):21～32.
[24]邹才能,赵文智,贾承造,等.中国沉积盆地火山岩油气藏形成与分布[J].石油勘探与开发,2008,35(3):257～271.
[25]赵文智,邹才能,李建忠,等.中国陆上东、西部地区火山岩成藏比较研究与意义[J].石油勘探与开发,2009,36(1):1～11.
[26]郑曼,李建忠,王立武,等.松辽盆地长岭断陷营城组火山岩储集空间特征及演化[J].岩石学报,2010,26(1):135～141.
[27]唐华风,徐正顺,吴艳辉,等.松辽盆地营城组火山岩储层流动单元特征和控制因素[J].岩石学报,2010,26(1):55～62.
[28]覃豪,李红娟,李军,等.徐深气田火山岩储层类型与主控因素研究[J].国外测井技术,2009,4(4):15～18.
[29]Bonde N R.Analysis of Vesicular Basalts and Lava Emplacement Processes for Application as a Paleobarometer/Paleoaltimetre:A Discussion.The Jounal of Geology,2003,111:499～502.
[2]张子枢,吴邦辉.国内外火山岩油气藏研究现状及勘探技术调研[J].天然气勘探与开发,1994,16(1):l～26.
[3]Schutter S R.Hydmcarbon occurrence and exploration in and around igneous rochs.Geological Society,London,Special Publications,2003,214:7～33.
[4]范文科,张福东,王宗礼,等.中国石油“十一五”天然气勘探新进展与未来大气田勘探新领域分析[J].中国石油勘探,2012,17(1):8～13.
[5]高瑞琪,萧德铭.松辽盆地及其外围盆地油气勘探新进展[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1995.
[6]赵文智,邹才能,冯志强,等.松辽盆地深层火山岩气藏地质特征及评价技术[J].石油勘探与开发,2008,35(2):129～142.
[7]陈树民,李来林,赵海波.松辽盆地白垩系火山岩储层岩石物理声学特性分析[J].岩石学报,2010,26(1):14～20.
[8]杨立民,邹才能,冉启全.大港枣园油田火山岩裂缝性储层特征及其控制因素[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2007,27(1):86～91.
[9]崔永谦,冯小英,秦凤启,等.赛汉塔拉凹陷火山岩储层地震预测方法研究与应用[J].中国石油勘探,2010,15(1):44～47.
[10]安学勇,李六五,于培峰.二连盆地火成岩地区地震勘探采集方法研究与应用[J].石油物探,2004,43(2):171～175.
[11]徐浩,代宗仰,何云,等.辽河盆地东部中生界小岭组火山岩储层特征[J].地质学刊,2010,34(1):17～21.
[12]李光云,毛世权,陈凤来,等.三塘湖盆地马朗凹陷卡拉岗组火山岩油藏主控因素及勘探方向[J].中国石油勘探,2010,15(1):11～15.
[13]闫玉魁,杨斌,何维国,等.三塘湖盆地石炭系火山岩综合评价与改造技术[J].中国石油勘探,2010,15(3):38～44.
[14]Feng Z Q.Volcanic rocks as prolific gas reservoir:a case study from the Q in gshen gas field in the Songliao basin,NE China.Marine and Petroleum Geology,2008,25:416～432.
[15]侯启军,赵志魁,王立武.松辽盆地南部大型火山岩气藏勘探理论与实践[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.
[16]王英南,郗玉清.松辽盆地兴城地区营一段火山岩岩性、岩相及孔隙结构特征研究[J].中国石油勘探,2009,14(1):24～29.
[17]吴晓智,齐雪峰,唐勇,等.东西准噶尔火山岩成因类型与油气勘探方向[J].中国石油勘探,2009,14(1):1～9.
[18]王仁冲,徐怀民,邵雨,等.准噶尔盆地陆东地区石炭系火山岩储层特征[J].石油学报,2008,29(3):350～355.
[19]王璞,迟元林,刘万洙,等.松辽盆地火山岩相:类型、特征和储层意义[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2003,33(4):317～325.
[20]黄薇,邵红梅,赵海玲,等.松辽盆地北部徐深气田营城组火山岩储层特征[J].石油学报,2006,27(S1):47～51.
[21]蔡冬梅,孙立东,齐景顺,等.徐家围子断陷火山岩储层特征及演化规律[J].石油学报,2010,31(3):401～408.
[22]宋立忠,赵泽辉,焦贵浩,等.松辽盆地早白垩世火山岩地球化学特征及其构造意义[J].岩石学报,2010,26(4):1182～1194.
[23]冯之辉,印长海,齐景顺,等.大型火山岩气田成藏控制因素研究——以松辽盆地庆深气田为例[J].岩石学报,2010,26(1):21～32.
[24]邹才能,赵文智,贾承造,等.中国沉积盆地火山岩油气藏形成与分布[J].石油勘探与开发,2008,35(3):257～271.
[25]赵文智,邹才能,李建忠,等.中国陆上东、西部地区火山岩成藏比较研究与意义[J].石油勘探与开发,2009,36(1):1～11.
[26]郑曼,李建忠,王立武,等.松辽盆地长岭断陷营城组火山岩储集空间特征及演化[J].岩石学报,2010,26(1):135～141.
[27]唐华风,徐正顺,吴艳辉,等.松辽盆地营城组火山岩储层流动单元特征和控制因素[J].岩石学报,2010,26(1):55～62.
[28]覃豪,李红娟,李军,等.徐深气田火山岩储层类型与主控因素研究[J].国外测井技术,2009,4(4):15～18.
[29]Bonde N R.Analysis of Vesicular Basalts and Lava Emplacement Processes for Application as a Paleobarometer/Paleoaltimetre:A Discussion.The Jounal of Geology,2003,111:499～502.
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