塔中BZ井区碳酸盐岩非均质储层叠前精细预测技术
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摘要
塔中BZ井区上奥陶统良里塔格组礁滩体储集层是油气勘探重要目的层之一,其特点是埋藏深,储集层基质孔渗低,储集空间多为构造裂缝及溶蚀作用所产生的孔、缝、洞系统,储集体受多种因素控制,纵横向非均质性强,叠后声阻抗反演技术和常规叠后地震属性分析技术难以有效预测该类储层。因此有必要开展叠前弹性波阻抗反演研究。给出了叠前弹性波阻抗反演技术的主要实现方法、步骤,比较了利用弹性波阻抗反演技术与常规叠后声阻抗反演技术预测上奥陶统良里塔格组礁滩体储层实际应用效果。结果表明弹性参数预测储层分辨率高,能够反映碳酸盐岩储层非均质性分布特征,与实际的钻探成果具有较好的一致性,该方法对塔中地区下一步碳酸盐岩油气勘探具有一定的参考意义。
Upper Ordovician reef shoal reservoir is one of reservoirs in the Tazhong BZ area.This reservoir is characterized as deep burial,low permeability for matrix porosity,structural fissure as well as pore,fissure and cavity which was formed by dissolution,representative of lateral anisotropy and various types.Thus,it is difficult to predict the distribution of reef shoal reservoir by post-stack acoustic impedance inversion technique.In this paper,we use the pre-stack elastic-impedance inverse technique to predict the distribution of carbonate reservoir,since it has high resolution of reservoir prediction compared with the post-stack acoustic impedance inversion.This result of the reef shoal reservoir prediction is consistent with the drilled data.
Upper Ordovician reef shoal reservoir is one of reservoirs in the Tazhong BZ area.This reservoir is characterized as deep burial,low permeability for matrix porosity,structural fissure as well as pore,fissure and cavity which was formed by dissolution,representative of lateral anisotropy and various types.Thus,it is difficult to predict the distribution of reef shoal reservoir by post-stack acoustic impedance inversion technique.In this paper,we use the pre-stack elastic-impedance inverse technique to predict the distribution of carbonate reservoir,since it has high resolution of reservoir prediction compared with the post-stack acoustic impedance inversion.This result of the reef shoal reservoir prediction is consistent with the drilled data.
引文
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[2]Jin Xiaohui,Yan Xiangbing,Li Tiejun,et al.A discussion ongas and oil exploration activities and discovery patterns in theTarim basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2008,29(1):45-52.[金晓辉,闫相宾,李铁军,等.塔里木盆地油气勘探实践与发现规律探讨[J].石油与天然气地质,2008,29(1):45-52.]
[3]LüXiuxiang,Hu Xuan.Hydrocarbon accumulation and distri-bution in Tazhong low uplift of Tarim basin[J].Oil&GasGeology,1997,18(4):288-293.[吕修祥,胡轩.塔里木盆地塔中低凸起油气聚集与分布[J].石油与天然气地质,1997,18(4):288-293.]
[4]Xu Guoqiang,Liu Shugen,Li Guorong,et al.Comparison oftectonic evolutions and petroleum geological conditions inTazhong and Tabei palaeohighs in Tarim basin[J].Oil&GasGeology,2005,26(1):114-119.[徐国强,刘树根,李国蓉,等.塔中、塔北古隆起形成演化及油气地质条件对比[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(1):114-119.]
[5]Wang Baoli,Yin Xingyao,Zhang Fanchang.Elastic impedanceinversion and its application[J].Progress in Geophysics,2005,20(1):89-94.[王保丽,印兴耀,张繁昌.弹性阻抗反演及应用研究[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(1):89-94.]
[6]Ji Shengzhen,Liu Zhen.Application of wave impedance inver-sion in sequence stratigraphy and sedimentary analyses[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2005,32(6):66-68.[汲生珍,刘震.波阻抗反演技术在层序地层与沉积分析中的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(6):66-68.]
[7]Wang Xinhong.Application of elastic impendence inversion inseismic monitoring of the heavy-oil thermal recovery[J].Pro-gress in Geophysics,2007,22(1):186-192.[王新红.弹性波阻抗反演在稠油热采地震监测中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(1):186-192.]
[8]Patrick A C.P-wave elastic impedance[J].The Leading Edge,1999,18(4):438-552.
[9]Whitcombe D N.Elastic impedance normalization[J].Geo-physics,2002,67(1):63-67.
[10]Wang Zhenqing,Wang Hongbin,Zhang Huquan,et al.Predictiontechnologies of weathering crust and fracture reservoirs inTazhong area[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2011,22(5):889-893.[王振卿,王宏斌,张虎权,等.塔中地区岩溶风化壳裂缝型储层预测技术[J].天然气地球科学,2011,22(5):889-893.]
[11]Wang Hongqiu,Liu Weifang,Zheng Duoming,et al.Typesand causes of“none-string beads”fracture-cavity reservoirs inOrdovician carbonate of Tarim basin[J].Natural Gas Geosci-ence,2011,22(6):982-988.[王洪求,刘伟方,郑多明,等.塔里木盆地奥陶系碳酸盐岩“非串珠状”缝洞型储层类型及成因[J].天然气地球科学,2011,22(6):982-988.]
[12]Teng Tuanyu,Cui Haifeng,Zhang Nianchun,et al.Predictionof fractured carbonate reservoirs using seismic data:An exam-ple of Yaha area in Tarim oilfield[J].Natural Gas Geosci-ence,2009,20(2):269-272.[滕团余,崔海峰,张年春,等.碳酸盐岩裂缝储层地震预测技术——以牙哈地区为例[J].天然气地球科学,2009,20(2):269-272.]
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