基于GIS的安庆市应急避难场所空间布局特征分析与优化
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摘要
随着城市发展步伐的加快,火灾、爆炸、公共卫生事故、工程事故等人为灾害性事件频发,洪水、地震、台风等自然灾害也给城市居民的生命和财产安全造成了极大损失。由于城市规模和人口数量将越来越大,城市应急避难场所在城市规划中就显得更加重要。本文以安庆城区为例,根据城市人口分布状况以及城市总体的空间布局,分析应急避难场所的特征及其与城市的适应程度。采用GIS的空间查询、网络分析、最佳路径分析等功能,检验该市应急避难场所的合理性。针对城市规划中应急避难场所空间布局上不合理的问题,进行方案优化。研究结果将给安庆市应急避难场所的空间布局带来一定的借鉴作用。
With the acceleration of urban development,man-made catastrophic incidents such as fire,explosion,public health accidents,construction accidents,and natural disasters such as floods,earthquakes and typhoons,frequently happen,which has caused enormous loss of life and property of residents.Due to the size of the cities and growth of the population,the city emergency shelter in urban planning has become more important.According to the urban population distribution and urban space layout,the paper takes Anqing city as an example to analyze the characteristics of emergency shelter and its urban adaptation degree.By using GIS spatial queries,network analysis,analysis on the best paths,and other functions,the rationality of the city's emergency shelters is tested and the city emergency shelter program is thus optimized to minimize the problems concerning the space layout.The result will serve as the reference in the urban planning of emergency shelters of Anting.
With the acceleration of urban development,man-made catastrophic incidents such as fire,explosion,public health accidents,construction accidents,and natural disasters such as floods,earthquakes and typhoons,frequently happen,which has caused enormous loss of life and property of residents.Due to the size of the cities and growth of the population,the city emergency shelter in urban planning has become more important.According to the urban population distribution and urban space layout,the paper takes Anqing city as an example to analyze the characteristics of emergency shelter and its urban adaptation degree.By using GIS spatial queries,network analysis,analysis on the best paths,and other functions,the rationality of the city's emergency shelters is tested and the city emergency shelter program is thus optimized to minimize the problems concerning the space layout.The result will serve as the reference in the urban planning of emergency shelters of Anting.
引文
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[3]林晨,许彦曦,佟庆.城市应急避难场所规划研究——以深圳市龙岗区为例[J].规划师,2007(2):58-60.
[4]苏群,钱新强,杨朝辉.GIS技术在城市避难场所规划空间配置中的应用[J].北京规划建设,2008(4):42-44.
[5]北京市城市规划设计研究院.北京中心城地震及应急避难场所(室外)规划纲要[EB/OL].http:∥www.bjghw.gov.cn/web/static/articles/catalog_30000/article_ff808-08122-dedb360122eeb648c50046/ff80808122dedb360122eeb648c50046.html.
[6]周长兴.城市地震应急避难场所研究[J].北京规划建设,2008(4):22-24.
[7]许学强,周一星,宁越敏.城市地理学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1997.
[8]刘海燕,武志东.基于GIS的城市防灾公园规划研究——以西安市为例[J].规划师,2006(10):55-58.
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