塔里木盆地奥陶纪岩相古地理恢复及其油气勘探意义
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摘要
在对塔里木盆地9条露头剖面、320口钻井的岩心及980块岩石薄片观察基础上,依据测井相、地震相及地震剖面形态特征分析,结合地层沉积厚度恢复,编制了盆地奥陶纪蓬莱坝期、鹰山早期和晚期、一间房期及良里塔格期的岩相古地理图。蓬莱坝期至鹰山期,盆地表现为东西分异的沉积特点,一间房期至良里塔格期,盆地沉积格局变为南北分异,各个时期广泛发育台缘及台内礁滩体。认为台缘带和台内礁滩体是塔里木盆地奥陶系油气勘探的重要领域,其中台缘带是近期增储上产的现实领域,而台内礁滩体是潜在的勘探领域。
Based on the observations of 9 outcrop sections,320 well cores and 980 thinsections from Tarim Basin and combined with analysis of the shapes and features of image logging facies,seismic facies and seismic profiles,the Ordovician sedimentary thickness are reconstructed and five phases of Ordovician lithofacies palaeogeography maps of the basin are compiled.They are the maps of the Penglaiba(O1),the early and late Yingshan(O1-2),Yijianfang(O2) and Lianglitage(O3) ages.During Penglaiba to Yingshan ages,the sedimentation behaved difference in the east from in the west of the basin,and during Yijianfang to Lianglitage ages,the sedimention turn to be difference in the south from in the north of the basin because the tectonic stress of the Tarim plate margin transformed from extension to compression.Platform margin and inset reefs widely developed during every age.It is suggested that the Ordovician platform margin and inset reefs are an important domain for exploration and recent reserves increase in Tarim basin.
Based on the observations of 9 outcrop sections,320 well cores and 980 thinsections from Tarim Basin and combined with analysis of the shapes and features of image logging facies,seismic facies and seismic profiles,the Ordovician sedimentary thickness are reconstructed and five phases of Ordovician lithofacies palaeogeography maps of the basin are compiled.They are the maps of the Penglaiba(O1),the early and late Yingshan(O1-2),Yijianfang(O2) and Lianglitage(O3) ages.During Penglaiba to Yingshan ages,the sedimentation behaved difference in the east from in the west of the basin,and during Yijianfang to Lianglitage ages,the sedimention turn to be difference in the south from in the north of the basin because the tectonic stress of the Tarim plate margin transformed from extension to compression.Platform margin and inset reefs widely developed during every age.It is suggested that the Ordovician platform margin and inset reefs are an important domain for exploration and recent reserves increase in Tarim basin.
引文
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[2]王鸿祯.中国古地理图集[M].北京:地图出版社,1985.
[3]新疆维吾尔自治区地质矿产局地质矿产所.新疆古地理图集[M].乌鲁木齐:新疆人民出版社,1988.
[4]郑家凤,穆曙光.塔里木盆地震旦纪—奥陶纪岩相古地理[J].西南石油学院学报,1995,17(4):1-5.
[5]冯增昭,鲍志东,吴茂炳,等.塔里木地区寒武纪和奥陶纪岩相古地理[M].北京:地质出版社,2005.
[6]冯增昭,鲍志东,吴茂炳,等.塔里木地区奥陶纪岩相古地理[J].古地理学报,2007,9(5):447-460.
[7]顾家裕,张兴阳,罗平,等.塔里木盆地奥陶系台地边缘生物礁、滩发育特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(3):277-283.
[8]张丽娟,李勇,周成刚,等.塔里木盆地奥陶纪岩相古地理特征及礁滩分布[J].石油与天然气地质,2007,28(6):731-737.
[9]顾家裕,马锋,季丽丹.碳酸盐岩台地类型、特征及主控因素[J].古地理学报,2009,11(1):21-27.
[10]赵宗举,吴兴宁,潘文庆,等.塔里木盆地奥陶纪层序岩相古地理[J].沉积学报,2009,27(5):939-955.
[11]周志毅,陈丕基.塔里木生物地层和地质演化[M].北京:科学出版社,1990.
[12]周志毅,赵治信,胡兆珣,等.塔里木盆地各纪地层[M].北京:科学出版社,2001.
[13]贾承造,张师本,吴绍祖,等.塔里木盆地及周边地层[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.
[14]耿会聚,王贵文,李军,等.成像测井图像解释模式及典型解释图版研究[J].江汉石油学院学报,2002,24(1):26-29.
[15]张向军.利用FMI成像测井资料解释地层沉积特征的典型实例[J].测井技术,1996,20(3):219-225.
[16]Flügel E.Microfacies of carbonate rocks:Analysis,interpre-tation and application[M].Heidelberg:Springer,2004.
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