三种反射剩余静校正方法对比研究与应用
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摘要
在沙漠、山地和黄土塬等复杂地表地区的地震勘探中,由于地表起伏大、低速带厚度大且横向速度变化剧烈,基准面静校正计算不准确,因而对地震资料处理中的剩余静校正提出了更高的要求。为此,对共地面点法、Satan算法和最大能量法等3种剩余静校正方法的原理和适用性进行了研究。从模型道构建方法和构造项影响的角度详细分析了3种剩余静校正方法的适用性,指出在能消除构造项影响的情况下,共地面点法和Satan算法可以生成质量更高的模型道和计算大剩余静校正量,处理效果更好;但在构造项影响无法消除的情况下,由于最大能量法不受构造项影响,因而更加适用。实际资料的测试结果验证了3种剩余静校正方法的特点。
At the area with complex surface conditions,such as desert,mountainous area and loess plateau,the datum static correction is inaccurate as a result of the large topographic variations,the thick low-velocity layer and its rapid variation of velocity in the horizontal direction,which has strict requirements on the residual static correction during seismic data processing.Therefore,the principle and applicability of three residual static correction methods were studied,including common surface location method,Satan algorithm and maximum stack-power method.From the aspect of the establishment of model traces and the impact of structures items,the applicability of the three methods was analyzed in detail.The result points out that the common surface location method and Satan algorithm are better than Maximum stack-power method without the impact of structural items,because the former two methods can improve the model traces and estimate the large residual static moveouts with better processing results.On the contrary,if the impact of structural items cannot be eliminated,the effect of Maximum stack-power method is better.The characteristics of the three residual static correction methods were verified by the results.
At the area with complex surface conditions,such as desert,mountainous area and loess plateau,the datum static correction is inaccurate as a result of the large topographic variations,the thick low-velocity layer and its rapid variation of velocity in the horizontal direction,which has strict requirements on the residual static correction during seismic data processing.Therefore,the principle and applicability of three residual static correction methods were studied,including common surface location method,Satan algorithm and maximum stack-power method.From the aspect of the establishment of model traces and the impact of structures items,the applicability of the three methods was analyzed in detail.The result points out that the common surface location method and Satan algorithm are better than Maximum stack-power method without the impact of structural items,because the former two methods can improve the model traces and estimate the large residual static moveouts with better processing results.On the contrary,if the impact of structural items cannot be eliminated,the effect of Maximum stack-power method is better.The characteristics of the three residual static correction methods were verified by the results.
引文
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[2]Cox M.反射波地震勘探静校正技术[M].李培明,柯本善,译.北京:石油工业出版社,2004:1-358Cox M.Static Corrections for Seismic ReflectionSurveys[M].Li P M,Ke B S,translator.Beijing:Pe-troleum Industry Press,2004:1-358
[3]潘树林,高磊,吴波,等.共炮(检)点剩余静校正方法研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(1):83-87Pang S L,Gao L,Wu B,et al.Common shot(receiv-er)gather residual static correction[J].Oil Geophys-ical Prospecting,2011,46(1):83-87
[4]Disher D A,Naquin P J.Statistical automatic staticsanalysis[J].Geophysics,1970,35(4):574-585
[5]Larner K L,Gibson B,Chambers R,et al.Simulta-neous estimation of residual statics and crossdip timecorrections[J].Geophysics,1979,44(7):1175-1192
[6]Abma R.Statics prediction from cross-correlatoinsin orthogonal directions[J].Expanded Abstracts of64th Annual Internat SEG Mtg,1994,1521-1524
[7]Chun J H,Jacewitz C A,Lin H L.Wavenumber do-main decomposition of statics and structure[J].Ex-panded Abstracts of 54th Annual Internat SEG Mtg,1984,368-370
[8]Morgan N A.Wavelet maps:a new analysis tool forreflection seismogyams[J].Geophysics,1970,35(3):447-460
[9]Ronen J,Claerbour J F.Surface-consistent residualstatic estimation by stack-power maximization[J].Geophysics,1985,50(3):2759-2767
[10]Dahl-Jensen T.Static correction on crystalline rock[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1989,37(5):467-478
[11]唐建候,张金山.消除P-SV波大静校正量的方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,1994,29(5):650-653Tang J H,Zhang J S.A method for removing highstatic moveouts of P-SV waves[J].Oil GeophysicalProspecting,1994,29(5):650-653
[12]钟本善.转换波勘探的若干问题[J].西南石油学院学报,1995,17(3):17-27Zhong B S.Some issues about the converted waveexploration[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum U-niversity,1995,17(3):17-27
[13]潘树林,高磊.一种有效的P-SV转换波静校正方法[J].石油物探,2007,46(2):143-146Pan S L,Gao L.An improved static correction meth-od of converted P-SV wave[J].Geophysical Pros-pecting for Petroleum,2007,46(2):143-146
[14]陈启元.复杂山区的静校正方法探讨[J].石油物探,2001,40(1):73-81Chen Q Y.A study on the methods of static correc-tion in complicated mountain area[J].GeophysicalProspecting for Petroleum,2001,40(1):73-81
[15]郭桂红.转换波的静校正[J].吉林大学学报,2003,33(4):543-544Guo G H.Statics of converted wave[J].Journal ofJilin University,2003,33(4):543-544
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