贵州省二叠纪岩层崩塌(危岩)发育特征及其诱因分析
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摘要
崩塌(危岩)是贵州地质灾害中主要灾种之一。本文利用重大地质灾害详细调查数据,研究发现贵州广泛分布的二叠系地层中,崩塌主要以倾倒式、规模为小型的地质灾害点为主;碳酸盐岩产生的崩塌众多,而溶蚀裂隙发育的栖霞组-茅口组中崩塌最发育。同时,崩塌点主要分布在贵州西北部及北部;就形成原因而言,作者认为卸荷裂隙与溶蚀裂隙的发育、陡峻的地貌形态、气候条件和地震等都是造成崩塌发育的关键因子。
Collapse(unstable rocks) is one of the major geo-hazard in Guizhou Province.When analyzing collapses in wildly distributed Permian strata in Guizhou,by using detailed survey data of major geo-hazards,it is found that rock collapses are mainly in gravity collapse at small scale;meanwhile,those collapses are more developed in carbonate rocks,especially in Qixia-Moukou groups whose dissolution fissures are developed.Moreover,the locations of collapses are mostly in the northwest and north of the province.As to the key factors causing collapse,the authors suggest that they are unloading fracture,dissolution fracture,steep landforms,climatic conditions and earthquakes.
Collapse(unstable rocks) is one of the major geo-hazard in Guizhou Province.When analyzing collapses in wildly distributed Permian strata in Guizhou,by using detailed survey data of major geo-hazards,it is found that rock collapses are mainly in gravity collapse at small scale;meanwhile,those collapses are more developed in carbonate rocks,especially in Qixia-Moukou groups whose dissolution fissures are developed.Moreover,the locations of collapses are mostly in the northwest and north of the province.As to the key factors causing collapse,the authors suggest that they are unloading fracture,dissolution fracture,steep landforms,climatic conditions and earthquakes.
引文
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[2]王林峰,唐红梅,陈洪凯.陡崖上群发性危岩崩塌机理研究[J].武汉理工大学学报,2010,32(6):1-5.
[3]李振林,孙加荣,马长玲.崩塌块体形成原因及其演变的探讨[J].陕西能源职业技术学院学报,2011,3:5-8.
[4]《贵州省农业地貌区划》编写组编.贵州省农业地貌区划[M].贵阳市:贵州人民出版社,1989,pp:227-276.
[5]王世杰,张殿发著.贵州反贫困系统工程[M].贵阳市:贵州人民出版社,2003,pp:168-205.
[6]贵州省区域地理信息项目领导小组编.贵州省地理信息数据集[M].贵阳市:贵州人民出版社,1996,pp169-290.
[7]谢兴能,于小红,李明惠,等编写.贵州省县(市)地质灾害调查与区划综合研究[R].贵州地质环境监测院,2010,pp:31-54.
[8]贵州省地质矿产局.贵州省区域地质志[M].北京市:地质出版社,1987,pp:227-276.
[9]韩至钧,金占省主编.贵州省水文地质志[M].北京市:地震出版社,1996,pp:27-45.
[10]中国地质调查局.中国地质调查局地质调查技术标准:滑坡崩塌泥石流灾害详细调查规范(1:50000)(DD2008-2)[S].2008,pp:9-11.
[11]Kemeny J.The time-dependent reductio n of sliding cohe-sion due to rock bridges along discontinuities:a fracture me-chanics approach[J].Rock Mech Rock Engng,2003,36(1):27-38.
[12]王尚彦,梁操,文微亚,等.贵州贞丰-关岭-镇宁交界3.4级地震诱发岩崩分析[J].贵州地质,2010,27(3):223-225.
[13]姚令侃,黄艺丹,杨庆华.地震触发崩塌滑坡自组织临界性研究[J].四川大学学报(工程科版),2010,42(5):33-43.
[14]Per Bak,Chao Tang.Earthquakes as a self-organized criticalityphenomenon,geophysical research[J].1989,97(B11):15635-15637.
[15]Marzorati S,Luzi L,Amicis M D.Rock falls induced by earth-quakes:a statistical approach[J].Soil Dynamics and Earth-quake Engineering,2002,22(7):565"577.
[16]何思明,吴永,李新坡.地震诱发岩体崩塌的力学机制[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(增1):3359-3363.
[17]杨艳霞,祝艳波,李才,等.南方极端冰雪灾害条件下边坡崩塌机理初步研究[J].人民长江,2012,43(2):46-49.
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