东海西湖凹陷平湖斜坡带断裂系统特征及成因机制探讨
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摘要
综合运用地震剖面解释结果和构造编图成果,对东海西湖凹陷平湖斜坡带断裂系统按发育规模和形成期次进行分类,分析了断裂系统的平、剖面展布特征,采用古落差法和活动速率法研究了断裂运动学特征,结合区域应力场特征探讨了其成因机制。结果表明,平湖斜坡带断裂系统可划分为4个断裂带,由北至南依次为孔雀亭同向断裂带、武云亭反向断裂带、平湖同向断裂带和平南堑式断裂带。平湖斜坡带以发育多米诺、地堑、梳妆、正牵引等伸展构造样式为主,局部(如平湖同向断裂带)见微弱反转构造。断裂运动学特征研究表明,断裂活动高峰期具有分带性,平湖同向断裂带断层活动性最强,孔雀亭同向断裂带和武云亭反向断裂带次之,平南堑式断裂带最弱。平湖斜坡带断裂系统的发生、发展是应力集中与断层间相互影响共同作用的结果,是对东海陆架盆地构造演化过程的局部响应。
By comprehensively using the results of seismic profile interpretation and structural diagrams,this paper classified the fault system by its development scales and stages in the Pinghu slope of the Xihu Sag in the East China Sea Shelf Basin,analyzing its lateral and vertical distribution characteristics.By using the method of fault throw and fault activity ratio,its kinematics are discussed,including its genetic mechanism combined with the regional stress field.The results show that the fault system in the Pinghu slope can be divided into four fault zones,including the Kongqueting synthetic fault zone,the Wuyunting antithetic fault zone,the Pinghu synthetic fault zone and the Pingnan graben-type fault zone from north to south.The Pinghu slope mainly developed under extension,such as domino-style,graben,comb,positive drag structures and others.While,weak inversional structure was only displayed in local scale,for example in the Pinghu synthetic fault zone.The fault kinematics showed that the peak period of fault activity had clear zonality.The strength of fault activity in the Pinghu synthetic fault zone was the most,the those of Kongquetin synthetic fault zone and the Wuyunting antithetic fault zone took the second place,while that of the Pingnan graben-type fault zone was the least.The occurrence and development of the fault system in the Pinghu slope was the result of stress concentration and the interaction between different faults,and was a local response to the tectonic evolution of the East China Sea Shelf Basin.
By comprehensively using the results of seismic profile interpretation and structural diagrams,this paper classified the fault system by its development scales and stages in the Pinghu slope of the Xihu Sag in the East China Sea Shelf Basin,analyzing its lateral and vertical distribution characteristics.By using the method of fault throw and fault activity ratio,its kinematics are discussed,including its genetic mechanism combined with the regional stress field.The results show that the fault system in the Pinghu slope can be divided into four fault zones,including the Kongqueting synthetic fault zone,the Wuyunting antithetic fault zone,the Pinghu synthetic fault zone and the Pingnan graben-type fault zone from north to south.The Pinghu slope mainly developed under extension,such as domino-style,graben,comb,positive drag structures and others.While,weak inversional structure was only displayed in local scale,for example in the Pinghu synthetic fault zone.The fault kinematics showed that the peak period of fault activity had clear zonality.The strength of fault activity in the Pinghu synthetic fault zone was the most,the those of Kongquetin synthetic fault zone and the Wuyunting antithetic fault zone took the second place,while that of the Pingnan graben-type fault zone was the least.The occurrence and development of the fault system in the Pinghu slope was the result of stress concentration and the interaction between different faults,and was a local response to the tectonic evolution of the East China Sea Shelf Basin.
引文
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葛肖虹,任收麦,马立祥等.2006.青藏高原多期次隆升的环境效应.地学前缘,13(6):118-130.Ge Xiaohong,Ren Shoumai,Ma Lixiang et al.2006.Multi-stage uplifts of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and their environmental effects.Earth Science Frontiers,13(6):118-130.
葛肖虹,马文璞,刘俊来等.2009.对中国大陆构造格架的讨论.中国地质,36(5):949-965.Ge Xiaohong,Ma Wenpu,Liu Junlai et al.2009.A discussion on the tectonic framework of Chinese mainland.Geology in China,36(5):949-965.
何书,杨桥,漆家福等.2008.黄骅坳陷中区新生代断裂系统及其成因分析.地质科学,43(3):533-545.He Shu,Yang Qiao,Qi Jiafu et al.2008.Cenozoic fault systems and their genetic analysis in central area of the Huanghua Depression.Chinese Journal of Geology,43(3):533-545.
胡望水,蔡峰,胡芳等.2010a.东海西湖凹陷平湖斜坡带裂陷期变换构造特征及其演化规律.石油天然气学报(江汉石油学院学报),32(3):7-12.Hu Wangshui,Cai Feng,Hu Fang et al.2010a.The characteristics of tectonic transform evolutional rules of chasmic cycles in Pinghu slope of Xihu Depression of East China Sea.Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,32(3):7-12.
胡望水,柴浩栋,李瑞升等.2010b.平衡剖面技术对东海西湖凹陷正反转构造及其成藏控制的研究.特种油气藏,17(1):15-19.Hu Wangshui,Chai Haodong,Li Ruisheng et al.2010b.Application of balanced section technique to the study of positive inversion structure and hydrocarbon accumulation control in Xihu Depression of East China Sea.Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,17(1):15—19.
贾健谊,顾惠荣.2002.东海西湖凹陷含油气系统与油气资源评价.北京:地质出版社.1-204.Jia Jianyi and Gu Huirong.2002.Oil-Bearing Systems and Petroleum Assessment of the Xihu Sag in the East China Sea.Beijing:Geological Publishing House.1-204.
李勤英,罗凤芝,苗翠芝.2000.断层活动速率研究方法及应用探讨.断块油气田,7(2):15-17.Li Qinying,Luo Fengzhi and Miao Cuizhi.2000.Research on fault activity ratio and its application.Fault-Block&Gas Field,7(2):15-17.
李三忠,张国伟,周立宏等.2011.中、新生代超级汇聚背景下的陆内差异变形:华北伸展裂解和华南挤压逆冲.地学前缘,18(3):79-107.Li Sanzhong,Zhang Guowei,Zhou Lihong et al.2011.The opposite Meso-Cenozoic intracontinental deformations under the super-convergence:Rifting and extension in the North China Craton and shortening and thrusting in the South China Craton.Earth Science Frontiers,18(3):79-107.
王毓俊.2002.东海西湖凹陷油气勘探新领域探讨.海洋石油,22(4):9-13.Wang Yujun.2002.Potential areas in Xihu Sag of the East China Sea.Offshore Oil,22(4):9—13.
肖英玉,郝雪峰.2003.断层生长指数在层序地层单元中应用的局限性.油气地质与采收率,10(增刊):1-3.Xiao Yingyu and Hao Xuefeng.2003.The application of the limitations of fault growth index in the sequence stratigraphic units.Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,10(suppl.);1—3.
姚超,焦贵浩,王同和等.2004.中国含油气构造样式.北京:石油工业出版社.1-517.Yao Chao,Jiao Guihao.Wang Tonghe et al.2004.China's Oil and Gas Structures Style.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Publishing House.1-517.
张建培,张涛,刘景彦等.2008.西湖凹陷反转构造分布与样式.海洋石油,28(4):14-20.Zhang Jianpei,Zhang Tao,Liu Jingyan et al.2008.Distribution and style of inversed structures in Xihu Depression.Offshore Oil,28(4):14-20.
张建培,徐发,钟韬等.2012.东海陆架盆地西湖凹陷平湖组—花港组层序地层模式及沉积演化.海洋地质与第四??纪地质,32(1):35-41.Zhang Jianpei,Xu Fa,Zhong Tao et al.2012.Sequences stratigraphic models and sedimentary evolution of Pinghu and Huagang Formation in Xihu trough.Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,32(1):35—41.
张敏强,钟志洪,夏斌等.2005.东海西湖凹陷中南部晚中新世构造反转与油气运聚.中国海上油气,17(2):73-79.Zhang Minqiang,Zhong Zhihong,Xia Bin et al.2005.Late Miocene tectonic inversion and hydrocarbon migration and accumulation in central and southern Xihu Sag,East China Sea.China Offshore Oil and Gas,17(2):73—79.
张敏强,徐发,张建培等.2011.西湖凹陷裂陷期构造样式及其对沉积充填的控制作用.海洋地质与第四纪地质,31(5):67-72.Zhang Minqiang,Xu Fa,Zhang Jianpei et al.2011.Structural pattern during the rifting stage of the Xihu Sag and its control of sediment infilling.Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,31(5):67—72.
赵金海.2004.东海中、新生代盆地成因机制和演化(上).海洋石油,24(4):6-14.Zhao Jinhai.2004.The forming factors and evolvement of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic Basin in the East China Sea(up).Offshore Oil,24(4):6—14.
赵金海.2005.东海中、新生代盆地成因机制和演化(下).海洋石油,25(1):1-9.Zhao Jinhai.2005.The forming factors and evolvement of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic Basin in the East China Sea(down).Offshore Oil,25(1):1—9.
赵勇,戴俊生.2003.应用落差分析研究生长断层.石油勘探与开发,30(3):13-15.Zhao Yong and Dai Junsheng.2003.Identification of grow fault by fault fall analysis.Petroleum Exploration and Development,30(3):13—15.
Anders M H and Schlische R W.1994.Overlapping faults,intrabasin highs,and the growth of normal faults.Journal of Geology,102(2):165—180.
Gartwright J A and Mansfield C S.1998.Lateral displacement variation and lateral tip geometry of normal fault in the Canyonlands National Park,Utah.Journalof Structural Geology,20(1):3—19.
Cartwright J A,Trudgill B D and Mansfield C S.1995.Fault growth by segment linkage:An explanation for scatter in maximum displacement and trace length data from the Canyonlands Grabens of SE Utah.Journal of Structural Geology,17(9):1319—1326.
Gupta A and Scholz C H.2000.A model of normal fault interaction based on observations and theory.Journal of Structural Geology,22(7):865—879.
Isozaki Y.1997.Jurassic accretion tectonics of Japan.Island Arc,6(1);25—51.
Maruyama S,Isozaki Y,Kimura G et al.1997.Paleogeographic maps of the Japanese Islands;Plate tectonic synthesis from 750Ma to the present.Island Arc,6(1):121—142.
Morley C K.1999.Patterns of displacement along large normal faults;implications for basin evolution and fault propagation,based on examples from East Africa.AAPG Bulletin,83(4):613—633.
陈斯忠.2003.东海盆地主要地质特点及找气方向.中国海上油气(地质),17(1):6-13.Chen Sizhong.2003.Main geological characteristics and gas exploration directions in East China Sea Basin.China Offshore Oil and Gas(Geology),17(1):6-13.
葛肖虹,任收麦,马立祥等.2006.青藏高原多期次隆升的环境效应.地学前缘,13(6):118-130.Ge Xiaohong,Ren Shoumai,Ma Lixiang et al.2006.Multi-stage uplifts of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and their environmental effects.Earth Science Frontiers,13(6):118-130.
葛肖虹,马文璞,刘俊来等.2009.对中国大陆构造格架的讨论.中国地质,36(5):949-965.Ge Xiaohong,Ma Wenpu,Liu Junlai et al.2009.A discussion on the tectonic framework of Chinese mainland.Geology in China,36(5):949-965.
何书,杨桥,漆家福等.2008.黄骅坳陷中区新生代断裂系统及其成因分析.地质科学,43(3):533-545.He Shu,Yang Qiao,Qi Jiafu et al.2008.Cenozoic fault systems and their genetic analysis in central area of the Huanghua Depression.Chinese Journal of Geology,43(3):533-545.
胡望水,蔡峰,胡芳等.2010a.东海西湖凹陷平湖斜坡带裂陷期变换构造特征及其演化规律.石油天然气学报(江汉石油学院学报),32(3):7-12.Hu Wangshui,Cai Feng,Hu Fang et al.2010a.The characteristics of tectonic transform evolutional rules of chasmic cycles in Pinghu slope of Xihu Depression of East China Sea.Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,32(3):7-12.
胡望水,柴浩栋,李瑞升等.2010b.平衡剖面技术对东海西湖凹陷正反转构造及其成藏控制的研究.特种油气藏,17(1):15-19.Hu Wangshui,Chai Haodong,Li Ruisheng et al.2010b.Application of balanced section technique to the study of positive inversion structure and hydrocarbon accumulation control in Xihu Depression of East China Sea.Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,17(1):15—19.
贾健谊,顾惠荣.2002.东海西湖凹陷含油气系统与油气资源评价.北京:地质出版社.1-204.Jia Jianyi and Gu Huirong.2002.Oil-Bearing Systems and Petroleum Assessment of the Xihu Sag in the East China Sea.Beijing:Geological Publishing House.1-204.
李勤英,罗凤芝,苗翠芝.2000.断层活动速率研究方法及应用探讨.断块油气田,7(2):15-17.Li Qinying,Luo Fengzhi and Miao Cuizhi.2000.Research on fault activity ratio and its application.Fault-Block&Gas Field,7(2):15-17.
李三忠,张国伟,周立宏等.2011.中、新生代超级汇聚背景下的陆内差异变形:华北伸展裂解和华南挤压逆冲.地学前缘,18(3):79-107.Li Sanzhong,Zhang Guowei,Zhou Lihong et al.2011.The opposite Meso-Cenozoic intracontinental deformations under the super-convergence:Rifting and extension in the North China Craton and shortening and thrusting in the South China Craton.Earth Science Frontiers,18(3):79-107.
王毓俊.2002.东海西湖凹陷油气勘探新领域探讨.海洋石油,22(4):9-13.Wang Yujun.2002.Potential areas in Xihu Sag of the East China Sea.Offshore Oil,22(4):9—13.
肖英玉,郝雪峰.2003.断层生长指数在层序地层单元中应用的局限性.油气地质与采收率,10(增刊):1-3.Xiao Yingyu and Hao Xuefeng.2003.The application of the limitations of fault growth index in the sequence stratigraphic units.Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,10(suppl.);1—3.
姚超,焦贵浩,王同和等.2004.中国含油气构造样式.北京:石油工业出版社.1-517.Yao Chao,Jiao Guihao.Wang Tonghe et al.2004.China's Oil and Gas Structures Style.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Publishing House.1-517.
张建培,张涛,刘景彦等.2008.西湖凹陷反转构造分布与样式.海洋石油,28(4):14-20.Zhang Jianpei,Zhang Tao,Liu Jingyan et al.2008.Distribution and style of inversed structures in Xihu Depression.Offshore Oil,28(4):14-20.
张建培,徐发,钟韬等.2012.东海陆架盆地西湖凹陷平湖组—花港组层序地层模式及沉积演化.海洋地质与第四??纪地质,32(1):35-41.Zhang Jianpei,Xu Fa,Zhong Tao et al.2012.Sequences stratigraphic models and sedimentary evolution of Pinghu and Huagang Formation in Xihu trough.Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,32(1):35—41.
张敏强,钟志洪,夏斌等.2005.东海西湖凹陷中南部晚中新世构造反转与油气运聚.中国海上油气,17(2):73-79.Zhang Minqiang,Zhong Zhihong,Xia Bin et al.2005.Late Miocene tectonic inversion and hydrocarbon migration and accumulation in central and southern Xihu Sag,East China Sea.China Offshore Oil and Gas,17(2):73—79.
张敏强,徐发,张建培等.2011.西湖凹陷裂陷期构造样式及其对沉积充填的控制作用.海洋地质与第四纪地质,31(5):67-72.Zhang Minqiang,Xu Fa,Zhang Jianpei et al.2011.Structural pattern during the rifting stage of the Xihu Sag and its control of sediment infilling.Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,31(5):67—72.
赵金海.2004.东海中、新生代盆地成因机制和演化(上).海洋石油,24(4):6-14.Zhao Jinhai.2004.The forming factors and evolvement of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic Basin in the East China Sea(up).Offshore Oil,24(4):6—14.
赵金海.2005.东海中、新生代盆地成因机制和演化(下).海洋石油,25(1):1-9.Zhao Jinhai.2005.The forming factors and evolvement of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic Basin in the East China Sea(down).Offshore Oil,25(1):1—9.
赵勇,戴俊生.2003.应用落差分析研究生长断层.石油勘探与开发,30(3):13-15.Zhao Yong and Dai Junsheng.2003.Identification of grow fault by fault fall analysis.Petroleum Exploration and Development,30(3):13—15.
Anders M H and Schlische R W.1994.Overlapping faults,intrabasin highs,and the growth of normal faults.Journal of Geology,102(2):165—180.
Gartwright J A and Mansfield C S.1998.Lateral displacement variation and lateral tip geometry of normal fault in the Canyonlands National Park,Utah.Journalof Structural Geology,20(1):3—19.
Cartwright J A,Trudgill B D and Mansfield C S.1995.Fault growth by segment linkage:An explanation for scatter in maximum displacement and trace length data from the Canyonlands Grabens of SE Utah.Journal of Structural Geology,17(9):1319—1326.
Gupta A and Scholz C H.2000.A model of normal fault interaction based on observations and theory.Journal of Structural Geology,22(7):865—879.
Isozaki Y.1997.Jurassic accretion tectonics of Japan.Island Arc,6(1);25—51.
Maruyama S,Isozaki Y,Kimura G et al.1997.Paleogeographic maps of the Japanese Islands;Plate tectonic synthesis from 750Ma to the present.Island Arc,6(1):121—142.
Morley C K.1999.Patterns of displacement along large normal faults;implications for basin evolution and fault propagation,based on examples from East Africa.AAPG Bulletin,83(4):613—633.
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