珠江口盆地砂岩侵入体的识别特征及其石油地质意义
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摘要
对国外报道的砂岩侵入体与中国南海珠江口盆地的岩心、测井曲线和地震反射等资料的对比分析,认为珠江口盆地发育有砂岩侵入现象,其特征在岩心中表现为不同规模的泥岩碎屑,大量的液化和泄水构造以及砂岩褶皱与充填等构造类型;在测井曲线上表现为伽马曲线总体呈箱状,倾角测井呈杂乱状,偶见高陡倾角的特征;在地震剖面上表现为翼状侵入或锥状侵入的反射异常,其反映的砂岩侵入的规模较大,对于小型岩墙和岩床的识别还需要更高的地震分辨率。
A sand injectite phenomenon is recognized in the Zhujiangkou Basin of the South China Sea through an analytical comparison of core,well logging and seismic data with those reported abroad.These sand injectites are characterized by mudstone debris in different scale and various structures including liquidized deformation,dewatering,folding and filling of sandstones.Their Gamma curves are almost box-shaped and the dipmeter logs are unorderly,casually with a high-and-steep dip.Thus,this phenomenon in seismic profiles indicates a winglike or coniform intrusion,which,however,exclusively suggests sand injectites on a relatively large scale.As for the recognition of small-scale dikes and sills from deposited parent sandstones,seismic profiles with a higher resolution are needed.
A sand injectite phenomenon is recognized in the Zhujiangkou Basin of the South China Sea through an analytical comparison of core,well logging and seismic data with those reported abroad.These sand injectites are characterized by mudstone debris in different scale and various structures including liquidized deformation,dewatering,folding and filling of sandstones.Their Gamma curves are almost box-shaped and the dipmeter logs are unorderly,casually with a high-and-steep dip.Thus,this phenomenon in seismic profiles indicates a winglike or coniform intrusion,which,however,exclusively suggests sand injectites on a relatively large scale.As for the recognition of small-scale dikes and sills from deposited parent sandstones,seismic profiles with a higher resolution are needed.
引文
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[13]白振瑞.砂贯入岩与油气勘探和开采[J].石油地质与工程,2009,23(6):31-34.Bai Zhenrui.Sandstone intrusion and petroleum exploration&pro-duction[J].Petroleum Geology and Engineering,2009,23(6):31-34.
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[16]Vigorito M,Hurst A,Cartwright J,et al.Regional-scale subsur-face sand remobilization:geometry and architecture[J].Journalof the Geological Society,2008,165(3):609-612.
[17]Lonergan L,Borlandelli C,Taylor A,et al.The three-dimensionalgeometry of sandstone injection complexes in the Gryphon Field,United Kingdom North Sea[M]∥Hurst A,Cartwright J.Sandinjectites:implications for hydrocarbon exploration and produc-tion.AAPG Memoir 87,2007:103-112.
[18]Jackson C A.The geometry,distribution,and development of clas-tic injections in slope systems:seismic examples from the UpperCretaceous Kyrre Formation,Maoly slope,Norwegian margin[M]∥Hurst A,Cartwright J.Sand injectites:implications for hydrocarbonexploration and production.AAPG Memoir 87,2007:37-48.
[19]Duranti D.Large-scale sand injection in the Paleogene of the NorthSea:modeling of energy and flow velocities[M]∥Hurst A,Cart-wright J.Sand injectites:implications for hydrocarbon explorationand production.AAPG Memoir 87,2007:129-139.
[20]Surlyk F,Gjelberg J,Noe-Nygaard N.The Upper Jurassic Ha-reelv Formation of East Greenland:agiant sedimentary injectioncomplex[M]∥Hurst A,Cartwright J.Sand injectites:implica-tions for hydrocarbon exploration and production.AAPGMemoir 87,2007:141-149.
[21]Hamberg L,Jepsen A M,Borch N,et al.Mounded structures ofinjected sandstones in deep-marine Paleocene reservoirs,Ceciliefield,Denmark[M]∥Hurst A,Cartwright J.Sand injectites:im-plications for hydrocarbon exploration and production.AAPGMemoir 87,2007:69-79.
[22]Frey-Martinez J,Cartwright J,Hall B,et al.Clastic intrusion atthe base of deep-water sands:a trap-forming mechanism in theeastern Mediterranean[M]∥Hurst A,Cartwright J.Sand injec-tites:implications for hydrocarbon exploration and production.AAPG Memoir 87,2007:49-63.
[23]Huuse M,Cartwright J,Hurst A,et al.Seismic characterizationof large-scale sandstone intrusions[M]∥Hurst A,Cartwright J.Sand injectites:implications for hydrocarbon exploration and pro-duction.AAPG Memoir 87,2007:21-35.
[24]Satur N,Hurst A.Sand-injection structures in deep-water sand-stones from the Ty Formation(Paleocene),Sleipnerst field,Norwegian North Sea[M]∥Hurst A,Cartwright J.Sand injec-tites:implications for hydrocarbon exploration and production.AAPG Memoir 87,2007:113-117.
[25]Fretwell P N,Labourdette R,Canning W G,et al.A new approachto 3-D geological modeling of complex sand injectite reservoirs:theAlba field,United Kingdom central North Sea[M]∥Hurst A,Cartwright J.Sand injectites:implications for hydrocarbon explora-tion and production.AAPG Memoir 87,2007:119-127.
[2]Shanmugam G,Shrivastava S K,Das B.Sandy debrites and tid-alites of Pliocene reservoir sands in upper-slope canyon environ-ments,offshore Krishna-Godavari Basin(India)[J].Journal ofSedimentary Research,2009,79(9):736-756.
[3]Guo Xiangchi,Chun Jixue,Jian Qinglai,et al.Sand injection andliquefaction structures in the Jinding Zn-Pb Deposit,Yunnan,Chi-na:indicators of an overpressured fluid system and implications formineralization[J].Economic Geology,2007,102(4):739-743.
[4]Murchison R I.Supplementary remarks on the oolitic series inthe counties of Sutherland and Ross,and in the Hebrides[J].Ge-ological Society(London)Transactions,1827,2(2):353-368.
[5]Jenkins O P.Sandstone dikes as conduits for oil migration throughshales[J].AAPG Bulletin,1930,14(4):411-421.
[6]Hurst A,Cartwright J.Relevance of sand injectites to hydrocar-bon exploration and production[M]∥Hurst A,Cartwright J.Sand injectites:implications for hydrocarbon exploration and pro-duction.AAPG Memoir 87,2007:1-19.
[7]Van Rensbergen P,Hillis R R,Maltman A J,et al.Subsurfacesediment mobilization[M].Geological Society Special Publica-tion,2003.
[8]Hurst A,Cartwright J.Sand Injectites:implications for hydrocar-bon exploration and production[M].AAPG Memoir 87,2007.
[9]Hurst A,Cartwright J A,Duranti D.Fluidisation structures in sand-stone produced by upward injection through a sealing lithology[M]∥Van Rensbergen P,Hillis R R,Maltman A J,et al.Subsurface sedi-ment mobilization,Geological Society(London)Special Publication217,2003:123-137.
[10]Scott A,Vigorito M,Hurst A.The process of sand injection:in-ternal structures and relationships with host strata(YellowbankCreek injectite complex,California,U.S.A.)[J].Journal of Sed-imentary Research,2009,79(8):568-583.
[11]Huuse M,Cartwright J,Gras R,et al.Giant conical sandstone in-trusions in the Lower Eocene of the outer Moray Firth(UKNorth Sea):migration paths and potential reservoirs[M]∥DoreA,Vining B.North-west Europe and global perspectives:pro-ceedings of the 6th Petroleum Geology Conference.London:Geo-logical Society,2005:1577-1594.
[12]秦志亮,王大伟,吴时国,等.侵入砂体对深水油气勘探的研究意义[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2009,29(2):110-116.Qin Zhiliang,Wang Dawei,Wu Shiguo,et al.Sandstone intrusionsignificance for deep-water hydrocarbon exploration[J].MarineGeology&Quaternary Geology,2009,29(2):110-116.
[13]白振瑞.砂贯入岩与油气勘探和开采[J].石油地质与工程,2009,23(6):31-34.Bai Zhenrui.Sandstone intrusion and petroleum exploration&pro-duction[J].Petroleum Geology and Engineering,2009,23(6):31-34.
[14]吴时国,孙运宝,孙启良,等.深水盆地中大型侵入砂岩的地震识别及其成因机制探讨[J].地球科学进展,2008,23(6):562-569.Wu Shiguo,Sun Yunbao,Sun Qiliang,et al.Seismic identification andformation mechanism of large-scale sandstone intrusions in deep-wa-ter basin[J].Advances in Earth Science,2008,23(6):562-569.
[15]Briedis N A,Bergslien D,Hjellbakk A,et al.Recognition crite-ria,significance to field performance,and reservoir modeling ofsand injections in the Balder field,North Sea[M]∥Hurst A,Cartwright J.Sand injectites:implications for hydrocarborbonexploration and production.AAPG Memoir 87,2007:91-102.
[16]Vigorito M,Hurst A,Cartwright J,et al.Regional-scale subsur-face sand remobilization:geometry and architecture[J].Journalof the Geological Society,2008,165(3):609-612.
[17]Lonergan L,Borlandelli C,Taylor A,et al.The three-dimensionalgeometry of sandstone injection complexes in the Gryphon Field,United Kingdom North Sea[M]∥Hurst A,Cartwright J.Sandinjectites:implications for hydrocarbon exploration and produc-tion.AAPG Memoir 87,2007:103-112.
[18]Jackson C A.The geometry,distribution,and development of clas-tic injections in slope systems:seismic examples from the UpperCretaceous Kyrre Formation,Maoly slope,Norwegian margin[M]∥Hurst A,Cartwright J.Sand injectites:implications for hydrocarbonexploration and production.AAPG Memoir 87,2007:37-48.
[19]Duranti D.Large-scale sand injection in the Paleogene of the NorthSea:modeling of energy and flow velocities[M]∥Hurst A,Cart-wright J.Sand injectites:implications for hydrocarbon explorationand production.AAPG Memoir 87,2007:129-139.
[20]Surlyk F,Gjelberg J,Noe-Nygaard N.The Upper Jurassic Ha-reelv Formation of East Greenland:agiant sedimentary injectioncomplex[M]∥Hurst A,Cartwright J.Sand injectites:implica-tions for hydrocarbon exploration and production.AAPGMemoir 87,2007:141-149.
[21]Hamberg L,Jepsen A M,Borch N,et al.Mounded structures ofinjected sandstones in deep-marine Paleocene reservoirs,Ceciliefield,Denmark[M]∥Hurst A,Cartwright J.Sand injectites:im-plications for hydrocarbon exploration and production.AAPGMemoir 87,2007:69-79.
[22]Frey-Martinez J,Cartwright J,Hall B,et al.Clastic intrusion atthe base of deep-water sands:a trap-forming mechanism in theeastern Mediterranean[M]∥Hurst A,Cartwright J.Sand injec-tites:implications for hydrocarbon exploration and production.AAPG Memoir 87,2007:49-63.
[23]Huuse M,Cartwright J,Hurst A,et al.Seismic characterizationof large-scale sandstone intrusions[M]∥Hurst A,Cartwright J.Sand injectites:implications for hydrocarbon exploration and pro-duction.AAPG Memoir 87,2007:21-35.
[24]Satur N,Hurst A.Sand-injection structures in deep-water sand-stones from the Ty Formation(Paleocene),Sleipnerst field,Norwegian North Sea[M]∥Hurst A,Cartwright J.Sand injec-tites:implications for hydrocarbon exploration and production.AAPG Memoir 87,2007:113-117.
[25]Fretwell P N,Labourdette R,Canning W G,et al.A new approachto 3-D geological modeling of complex sand injectite reservoirs:theAlba field,United Kingdom central North Sea[M]∥Hurst A,Cartwright J.Sand injectites:implications for hydrocarbon explora-tion and production.AAPG Memoir 87,2007:119-127.
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