罗家地区断裂系统精细刻画技术
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摘要
由于地震资料信噪比较低,如今的断层解释方法易于识别规模较大的断层,但对一些比较隐蔽、延伸不长、断距较小的断层则难于识别,因此对于微幅断裂系统的识别难度极大。文中介绍了断层图像增强技术的方法原理及改进的第三代相干技术。基于第三代相干技术的断裂系统精细刻画技术主要包括断层图像增强技术和相干体技术两部分。通过断层图像增强技术可以增强地震数据中的断层信息,同时提高数据的信噪比;通过地震相干体技术可以得到分辨率高、连续性好的三维相干体。本文选择罗家地区进行断层精细刻画技术的应用,取得了较好的效果。
At present,fault interpretation methods can identify large scale faults,but cannot identify subtle scale faults,especially for minor fracture system due to low signal noise ratio of seismic data.An approach for fracture system fine characterization is proposed in the paper,which includes fault image enhancement technology and the improved third generation of coherence technology.The purpose of fault image enhancement technology is to enrich fault information and improve seismic data SNR at the same time.The principles of the fault image enhancement technology and the improved third generation of coherent technology are introduced.High resolution and better continuity 3D seismic coherence can be acquired through seismic coherence.Applications in Luojia area of Zhanhua Sag prove the efficiency of this approach in fracture system identification.
At present,fault interpretation methods can identify large scale faults,but cannot identify subtle scale faults,especially for minor fracture system due to low signal noise ratio of seismic data.An approach for fracture system fine characterization is proposed in the paper,which includes fault image enhancement technology and the improved third generation of coherence technology.The purpose of fault image enhancement technology is to enrich fault information and improve seismic data SNR at the same time.The principles of the fault image enhancement technology and the improved third generation of coherent technology are introduced.High resolution and better continuity 3D seismic coherence can be acquired through seismic coherence.Applications in Luojia area of Zhanhua Sag prove the efficiency of this approach in fracture system identification.
引文
[1]冉怀江,梁兴,陈方鸿等.复杂小断层精细解释方法在洋心次凹的应用.石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(2):299～303Ran Huaijiang,Liang Xing,Chen Fanghong et al.Seismic subtle interpretation of complex mino-fault inYangxin sub-sag.OGP,2011,46(2):299～303
[2]严哲,顾汉明,蔡成国等.利用方向约束蚁群算法识别断层.石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(4):614～620Yan Zhe,Gu Hanming,Cai Chengguo et al.Fault i-dentification by orientation constraint ant colony algo-rithm.OGP,2011,46(4):614～620
[3]Fehmers G,Hocker C.Fast structural interpretationwith stucture-oriented filtering.Geophysics,1999,68(4):1286～1293
[4]Lavialle O,Pop S,Germain C et al.Seismic faultpreserving diffusion.Journal of Applied Geophys-ics,2007,61(2):132～141
[5]杨培杰,穆星,张景涛.方向性边界保持断层增强技术.地球物理学报,2010,53(12):2992～2997Yang Peijie,Mu Xing,Zhang Jingtao.Orientationaledge preserving fault enhance.Chinese Journal ofGeophysics,2010,53(12):2992～2997
[6]Marfurt K J,Sudhaker V et al.Coherency calcula-tions in the presence of structural dip.Geophysics,1999,64(1):104～111
[7]马晓晨,孔小利,王太勇.一种相干体快速生成算法.石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(3):297～299Ma Xiaochen,Kong Xiaoli,Wang Taiyong.Studyand implementation of a rapid-generating algorithm ofcoherent cube.OGP,2008,43(3):297～299
[8]王长江,杨培杰,张景涛等.断层刻划及关键参数自动解释技术研究(内部报告).山东东营:中石化胜利油田分公司地质科学研究院,2010.12
[9]Freeman W T.Steerable Filters and Local Analysisof Image Structure[D].Massachusetts:Massachu-setts Institute of Technology,1992
[10]Bakker P.Image Structure Analysis for Seismic In-terpretation[D].Delft:Delft University of Technol-ogy,2002,6
[11]季玉新,王秀玲,曲寿利等.罗家泥岩裂缝检测方法研究的进展.石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(4):428～434Ji Yuxin,Wang Xiuling,Qu Shouli et al.Develop-ment of study on detection of Luojia fractured-shale.OGP,2004,39(4):428～434
[12]苏朝光,刘传虎,高秋菊.胜利油田罗家地区泥岩裂缝油气藏地震识别与描述技术.石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(3):371～377Su Chaoguang,Liu Chuanhu,Gao Qiuju.Seismic i-dentification and description technique for shale-frac-tured reservoir in Luojia area of Shengli oilfield.OGP,2001,36(3):371～377
[2]严哲,顾汉明,蔡成国等.利用方向约束蚁群算法识别断层.石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(4):614～620Yan Zhe,Gu Hanming,Cai Chengguo et al.Fault i-dentification by orientation constraint ant colony algo-rithm.OGP,2011,46(4):614～620
[3]Fehmers G,Hocker C.Fast structural interpretationwith stucture-oriented filtering.Geophysics,1999,68(4):1286～1293
[4]Lavialle O,Pop S,Germain C et al.Seismic faultpreserving diffusion.Journal of Applied Geophys-ics,2007,61(2):132～141
[5]杨培杰,穆星,张景涛.方向性边界保持断层增强技术.地球物理学报,2010,53(12):2992～2997Yang Peijie,Mu Xing,Zhang Jingtao.Orientationaledge preserving fault enhance.Chinese Journal ofGeophysics,2010,53(12):2992～2997
[6]Marfurt K J,Sudhaker V et al.Coherency calcula-tions in the presence of structural dip.Geophysics,1999,64(1):104～111
[7]马晓晨,孔小利,王太勇.一种相干体快速生成算法.石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(3):297～299Ma Xiaochen,Kong Xiaoli,Wang Taiyong.Studyand implementation of a rapid-generating algorithm ofcoherent cube.OGP,2008,43(3):297～299
[8]王长江,杨培杰,张景涛等.断层刻划及关键参数自动解释技术研究(内部报告).山东东营:中石化胜利油田分公司地质科学研究院,2010.12
[9]Freeman W T.Steerable Filters and Local Analysisof Image Structure[D].Massachusetts:Massachu-setts Institute of Technology,1992
[10]Bakker P.Image Structure Analysis for Seismic In-terpretation[D].Delft:Delft University of Technol-ogy,2002,6
[11]季玉新,王秀玲,曲寿利等.罗家泥岩裂缝检测方法研究的进展.石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(4):428～434Ji Yuxin,Wang Xiuling,Qu Shouli et al.Develop-ment of study on detection of Luojia fractured-shale.OGP,2004,39(4):428～434
[12]苏朝光,刘传虎,高秋菊.胜利油田罗家地区泥岩裂缝油气藏地震识别与描述技术.石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(3):371～377Su Chaoguang,Liu Chuanhu,Gao Qiuju.Seismic i-dentification and description technique for shale-frac-tured reservoir in Luojia area of Shengli oilfield.OGP,2001,36(3):371～377
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