渤海地区新构造格局
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摘要
根据新近系—第四系盖层断裂发育的最新资料,按成因将渤海地区新构造期断裂分为继承活动断裂和新生断裂两种类型;依走向又可分成北东—北东东、北西、北东(偏北)、近东西和北北东向5组,其中继承活动的北西向北京—蓬莱断裂带和北东(偏北)向营口—潍坊断裂带北段,以及新生的北东向庙西北—黄河口断裂带是区内主干构造。在新构造应力场中,庙西北—黄河口和北京—蓬莱断裂带是一对共轭活动的构造带,营口—潍坊断裂带北段为右旋逆平移活动断裂带。这3条活动断裂带将渤海地区分成渤东南、渤西南、渤西北和渤东北4个活动块体,展现出新的构造格局,而与古近纪伸展拉分的盆地构造格局明显有异。其原因是构造发育的动力条件和应力状态发生了显著变化。新构造格局在很大程度上控制和影响了渤海地区的油气成藏和地震活动。
Based on the newest data on the fault development of the Neogene-Quaternary cover rocks in this area,the present paper classified faults of the neotectonic phase in the Bohai area into the inherent type and nascent type according to their fault origins.In terms of strikes,these faults could constitute five groups trending in NE-NEE,NW,NE(to north),nearly EW and NNE directions,respectively.Among which the inherently active NW striking Beijing-Penglai fault zone,the northern section of the NE Yingkou-Weifang fault zone and the newly generated NE Miaoxibei-Yellow River Mouth fault zone were the primary structures in the study area.Under the neotectonic stress field,the Miaoxibei-Yellow River Mouth fault zone and the Beijing-Penglai fault zone were a pair of conjugate active tectonic zones that had controlled geomorphic features and seismicity of the Bohai area.And the northern section of the Yingkou-Weifang fault zone was an active fault zone of right-lateral slip with a thrusting component.These three fault zones had partitioned the Bohai area into four active blocks,such as the southeast,southwest,northwest and northeast portions,exhibiting a new tectonic pattern that differs much from that of extensional and pull-apart basins in Eogene.This could be attributed to significant changes in dynamic conditions and stress state of structure development in Neogene.The activity of faults during the neotectonic period had exerted a large influence on the hydrocarbon accumulations and seismicity in this area.
Based on the newest data on the fault development of the Neogene-Quaternary cover rocks in this area,the present paper classified faults of the neotectonic phase in the Bohai area into the inherent type and nascent type according to their fault origins.In terms of strikes,these faults could constitute five groups trending in NE-NEE,NW,NE(to north),nearly EW and NNE directions,respectively.Among which the inherently active NW striking Beijing-Penglai fault zone,the northern section of the NE Yingkou-Weifang fault zone and the newly generated NE Miaoxibei-Yellow River Mouth fault zone were the primary structures in the study area.Under the neotectonic stress field,the Miaoxibei-Yellow River Mouth fault zone and the Beijing-Penglai fault zone were a pair of conjugate active tectonic zones that had controlled geomorphic features and seismicity of the Bohai area.And the northern section of the Yingkou-Weifang fault zone was an active fault zone of right-lateral slip with a thrusting component.These three fault zones had partitioned the Bohai area into four active blocks,such as the southeast,southwest,northwest and northeast portions,exhibiting a new tectonic pattern that differs much from that of extensional and pull-apart basins in Eogene.This could be attributed to significant changes in dynamic conditions and stress state of structure development in Neogene.The activity of faults during the neotectonic period had exerted a large influence on the hydrocarbon accumulations and seismicity in this area.
引文
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[12]中国科学院海洋研究所海洋地质研究室.渤海地质[M].北京:科学出版社,1985.Division of Marine Geology,Institute of Oceanography,ChineseAcademy of Sciences.Geology of the Bohai Sea[M].Beijing:Sci-ence Press,1985.
[13]汪一鹏.青藏高原活动构造基本特征[M]//马宗晋,汪一鹏.青藏高原岩石圈现今变动与动力学.北京:地震出版社,2001:251-262.Wang Yipeng.Basic characters of active tectonics in the Tibetanplateau[M]//Ma Zongjin,Wang Yipeng.Present-day deformationand dynamics of lithosphere in the Tibetan plateau.Beijing:Seis-mological Press,2001:251-262.
①中国地震局地质研究所.渤海晚第三纪以来的构造应力场与断裂活动关系及其在油气勘探开发中的应用.中国地震局地质研究所,1999.
[2]朱伟林,米立军,龚再升,等.渤海海域油气成藏与勘探[M].北京:科学出版社,2009:226-235.Zhu Weilin,Mi Lijun,Gong Zaisheng,et al.Hydrocarbon reser-voirs and exploration in the Bohai Sea[M].Beijing:SciencePress,2009:226-235.
[3]邓起东,闵伟,晁洪太,等.渤海地区新生代构造与地震活动[M]//卢演俦,高维明,陈国星,等.新构造与环境.北京:地震出版社,2001:218-233.Deng Qidong,Min Wei,Chao Hongtai,et al.Cenozoic tectonicsand earthquakes in the Bohai Sea[M]//Lu Yanchou,Gao Weim-ing,Chen Guoxing,et al.Neotectonics and environment.Beijing:Seismological Press,2001:218-233.
[4]徐杰,马宗晋,高战武,等.渤海湾盆地的一些重要构造特征[G]//中国石油学会石油地质专业委员会.油气盆地研究新进展学术讨论会论文集.北京:石油工业出版社,2002:170-179.Xu Jie,Ma Zongjin,Gao Zhanwu,et al.Some important structur-al characteristics in the Bohai Bay Basin[G]//Professional Boardof Petroleum Geology,Chinese Petroleum Society.Proceedings ofsymposium on new advance in the study of oil-bearing basins.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2002:170-179.
[5]徐杰,马宗晋,邓起东,等.渤海中部渐新世以来强烈沉陷的区域构造条件[J].石油学报,2004,25(5):11-16.Xu Jie,Ma Zongjin,Deng Qidong,et al.Regional tectonic condi-tions for intensive subsidence of the middle Bohai Sea since Oli-gocene[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2004,25(5):11-16.
[6]徐杰,牛娈芳,王春华,等.唐山—河间—磁县新生地震构造带[J].地震地质,1996,18(3):193-198.Xu Jie,Niu Luanfang,Wang Chunhua,et al.Tangshan-Hejian-Cixian newly-generated seismotectonic zone[J].Seismology andGeology,1996,18(3):193-198.
[7]徐杰,高战武,宋长青,等.太行山山前断裂带的构造特征[J].地震地质,2000,22(2):111-122.Xu Jie,Gao Zhanwu,Song Changqing,et al.The structural char-acters of the piedmont fault zone of Taihang Mountain[J].Seis-mology and Geology,2000,22(2):111-122.
[8]高战武,徐杰,宋长青,等.华北沧东断裂的构造特征[J].地震地质,2000,22(4):395-404.Gao Zhanwu,Xu Jie,Song Changqing,et al.Structural charactersof the Cangdong fault in North China[J].Seismology and Geolo-gy,2000,22(4):395-404.
[9]万桂梅,汤良杰,周心怀,等.渤海海域新近纪—第四纪断裂特征及形成机制[J].石油学报,2010,31(4):591-595.Wan Guimei,Tang Liangjie,Zhou Xinhuai,et al.Neogene-Qua-ternary fault characteristics and its formation mechanism in Bo-hai Sea[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(4):591-595.
[10]徐杰,张进,周本刚,等.渤海东南部NE向黄河口—庙西北新生断裂带的存在[J].地震地质,2007,29(4):845-854.Xu Jie,Zhang Jin,Zhou Bengang,et al.The newly-generated NE-trending Yellow River estuary-Northwest Miao fault zone in thesoutheastern Bohai Basin[J].Seismology and Geology,2007,29(4):845-854.
[11]陈国光,徐杰,马宗晋,等.渤海盆地现代构造应力场与强震活动[J].地震学报,2004,26(4):396-403.Chen Guoguang,Xu Jie,Ma Zongjin,et al.Recent tectonic stressfield and major earth-quakes of the Bohai Sea Basin[J].ActaSeismologica Sinica,2004,26(4):396-403.
[12]中国科学院海洋研究所海洋地质研究室.渤海地质[M].北京:科学出版社,1985.Division of Marine Geology,Institute of Oceanography,ChineseAcademy of Sciences.Geology of the Bohai Sea[M].Beijing:Sci-ence Press,1985.
[13]汪一鹏.青藏高原活动构造基本特征[M]//马宗晋,汪一鹏.青藏高原岩石圈现今变动与动力学.北京:地震出版社,2001:251-262.Wang Yipeng.Basic characters of active tectonics in the Tibetanplateau[M]//Ma Zongjin,Wang Yipeng.Present-day deformationand dynamics of lithosphere in the Tibetan plateau.Beijing:Seis-mological Press,2001:251-262.
①中国地震局地质研究所.渤海晚第三纪以来的构造应力场与断裂活动关系及其在油气勘探开发中的应用.中国地震局地质研究所,1999.
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