川滇及邻区Pn波速度结构和各向异性研究
|
摘要
川滇地区是中国大陆构造变形及地震活动最强烈的区域之一.本文利用从国际地震中心(ISC)、中国地震台网以及云南、四川、重庆三个省级地震台网的地震观测报告中严格挑选出的53673个Pn波到时数据,用Pn波层析成像方法反演了川滇地区的Pn波速度结构和各向异性.结果表明该地区上地幔顶部速度结构的横向变化与现代构造运动有明显的关联:盆地地区上地幔顶部速度明显高于其周边区域,四川盆地尤为突出,其上地幔顶部P波速度是整个研究区域的高值;上地幔顶部P波速度低值区与研究区现代火山活动区域(如腾冲)及高热泉活动区域(如康定)有明显的相关性.强震大都发生在Pn波速低值区或Pn波速低值边界区.Pn波速度低速带与狭义的南北地震带相吻合,反映出上地幔顶部的流变性对构造应力的传递起着重要作用.Pn波各向异性表明:位于川青块体与四川盆地交界的龙门山地区,快波方向与该区域绝对运动方向不一致,而是基本沿龙门山断裂走向,这表明该地区的各向异性主要受龙门山断裂对Moho面切割变形的影响.而在其他区域的Pn波各向异性方向大体与当地块体的绝对运动方向一致,说明其各向异性主要是由板块运动产生的软流圈变形引起.
Sichuan-Yunnan is adjacent to the eastern border of Tibet and is one of the most active tectonic blocks in China.We obtained 53673 Pn travel time picks from the earthquake bulletins of International Seismological Center,China national seismic network and Sichuan,Yunnan, Chongqing provincial seismic networks to invert for Pn velocity variation and anisotropy and station delays in Sichuan-Yunnan and its adjacent areas.The main results are as follows:(1)The Pn velocities show a mosaic of very fast and very slow anomalies,mirroring the heterogeneous geology at the surface.The Pn velocities are high beneath the major basins like Sichuan basin and low in areas of active volcanoes like Tengchong or hot spring areas like Kangding.Most of strong earthquakes occurred in or around the low Pn velocity areas.The famous China South-North seismically active belt is overlap with a low Pn velocity belt,which implies that the viscoplasticity of the top-mantle material might play an important role in transferring the tectonic stress to the upper crust.(2)The Pn anisotropy is consistent with the regional lithosphere movement direction in the interest region except Longmenshan area.The fast Pn direction in Longmenshan area is parallel to the strike of Longmenshan fault,which implies the whole crust of Longmenshan area may be highly deformed and the Longmenshan fault has extended to Moho.
Sichuan-Yunnan is adjacent to the eastern border of Tibet and is one of the most active tectonic blocks in China.We obtained 53673 Pn travel time picks from the earthquake bulletins of International Seismological Center,China national seismic network and Sichuan,Yunnan, Chongqing provincial seismic networks to invert for Pn velocity variation and anisotropy and station delays in Sichuan-Yunnan and its adjacent areas.The main results are as follows:(1)The Pn velocities show a mosaic of very fast and very slow anomalies,mirroring the heterogeneous geology at the surface.The Pn velocities are high beneath the major basins like Sichuan basin and low in areas of active volcanoes like Tengchong or hot spring areas like Kangding.Most of strong earthquakes occurred in or around the low Pn velocity areas.The famous China South-North seismically active belt is overlap with a low Pn velocity belt,which implies that the viscoplasticity of the top-mantle material might play an important role in transferring the tectonic stress to the upper crust.(2)The Pn anisotropy is consistent with the regional lithosphere movement direction in the interest region except Longmenshan area.The fast Pn direction in Longmenshan area is parallel to the strike of Longmenshan fault,which implies the whole crust of Longmenshan area may be highly deformed and the Longmenshan fault has extended to Moho.
引文
[1] 熊熊,许厚泽,滕吉文.青藏高原物质东流的岩石层力学背景探讨.地壳形变与地震,2001,21(2) :1～7 Xiong X,Xu H Z,Teng J W.Investigation on lithospheric mechanical background of eastward mass flow of Tibet.Crustal Deformation and Earthquake (in Chinese) ,2001,21 (2) :1～7
[2] 崔仲雄,裴顺平.青藏高原东构造结及周边地区上地幔顶部速度结构和各向异性研究.地球物理学报,2009,52(9) :2245～2254 Cui Z X,Pei S P.Study on Pn velocity and anisotropy in the uppermost mantle of the Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis and surrounding regions.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese) ,2009,52(9) :2245～2254
[3] 林中洋,胡鸿翔,张文彬等.滇西地区地壳上地幔速度结构特征的研究.地震学报,1993,15(4) :427～440 Lin Z Y,Hu H X,Zhang W B,et al.Study on velocity in the crustal and upper mantle of the western Yunnan regions.Acta Seismologica Sinica (in Chinese) ,1993,15 (4) :427～440
[4] 阚荣举,林中洋.云南地壳上地幔构造的初步研究.中国地震,1986,2(4) :50～61 Kan R J,Lin Z Y.Primary study on tectonic in the crustal and upper mantle of the Yunnan regions.Earthquake Research in China (in Chinese) ,1986,2(4) :50～61
[5] 陈学波,吴跃强,杜平山等.龙门山构造带两侧速度结构特征.国家地震局科技监测司编.中国大陆深部构造的研究与进展.北京:地质出版社,1997． 97～113 Chen X B,Wu Y Q,Du P S,et al.Crustal velocity structure at the two sides of Longmenshan tectonic belt.In:Technology Monitoring Department of China Earthquake Administration.Research and Progress on Deep Tectonic of China Mainland (in Chinese).Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1997． 97～113
[6] 熊绍柏,滕吉文,尹周勋等.攀西构造带南部地壳与上地幔结构的爆炸地震研究.地球物理学报,1986,29(3) :235～244 Xiong S B,Teng J W,Yin Z X,et al.Explosion seismological study of the structure of the crustal and upper mantle at southern part of the Panxi tectonic belt.Chinese J.Geophys.{Acta Geophysica Sinica) (in Chinese),1986,29(3) :235～244
[7] 雷建设,周蕙兰.中国西南及邻区上地幔P波三维速度结构.地震学报,2002,24(2) :126～134 Lei J S,Zhou H L.3-D velocity structure of P wave in the upper mantle beneath southwestern China and its adjacent areas.Acta Seismologica Sinica (in Chinese),2002,24(2) :126～134
[8] 黄金莉,赵大鹏,郑斯华.川滇活动构造区地震层析成像.地球物理学报,2001,44(增刊):127～136 Huang J L,Zhao D P,Zheng S H.Seismic tomography of the Sichuan-Yunnan active tectonic region.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese) ,2001,44(Suppl.):127～136
[9] Wang C Y,Chan W W,Mooney W D.Three-dimensional velocity structure of crust and upper mantle in southwestern China and its tectonic implications.J.Geophys.Res.,2003,108,B92442
[10] 刘建华,刘福田,吴 华等.中国南北带地壳和上地幔的三维速度图像.地球物理学报,1989,32(2) :143～151 Liu J H,Liu F T,Wu H,et al.3-D velocity images of the crustal and upper mantel beneath North-South zone in China.Chinese J.Geophys.(Acta Geophysica Sinica) (in Chinese),1989 ,32(2) ;143～151
[11] 刘瑞丰,陈培善,李 强.云南及其邻近地区三维速度图像.地震学报,1993,15(1) :61～67 Liu R F,Chen PS,Li Q.3-D velocity images beneath Yunnan and its adjacent areas.Acta Seismologica Sinica (in Chinese),1993 ,15(1) :61～67
[12] 丁志峰.近震层析成像的理论与应用[博士论文].北京:中国地震局地球物理研究所,1999 Ding Z F.The theories and applications of local seismological tomography [Ph.D.thesis](in Chinese).Beijing:Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,1999
[13] Lei J S,Zhao D P,Su Y J.Insight into the origin of the Tengchong intraplate volcano and seismotectonics in southwest China from local and teleseismic data.J.Geophys.Res.,2009,114(B05302) :1～18
[14] 雷建设,赵大鹏,苏金蓉等.龙门山断裂带地壳精细结构与汶川地震发震机理.地球物理学报,2009,52(2) :339～345 Lei J S,Zhao DP,Su J R,et al.Fine seismic structure under the Longmenshan fault zone and the mechanism of the large Wenchuan earthquake.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese) ,2009,52(2) :339～345
[15] Lei J S,Zhao D P.Structural heterogeneity of the Longmenshan fault zone and the mechanism of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake (M_s8． 0) .Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems,2009,10:Art.No.Q10010,doi:10． 1029/2009GC002590
[16] 李白基,张俊伟,邓英娥.中国云南地区上地幔地震各向异性.地震研究,1995,18(3) :227～236 Li B J,Zhang J W ,Deng Y E.Seismic anisotropy of upper mantle in Yunnan region.Journal of Seismological Research (in Chinese),1995,18(3) :227～236
[17] 陈培善,刘福田,李强等.云南地区速度结构的横向不均匀性.中国科学(D辑),1990,4:431～438 Chen P S,Liu F T,Li Q,et al.Lateral heterogeneity of velocity structure beneath Yunnan region.Science in China (Series D) (in Chinese) ,1990,4:431～438
[18] 常利军,王椿铺,丁志峰.云南地区SKS波分裂研究.地球物理学报,2006,49(1) :197～204 Chang L J,Wang C Y,Ding Z F.A study on SKS splitting beneath the Yunnan region.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(1) :197～204
[19] 常利军,王椿镛,丁志峰等.青藏高原东北缘上地幔各向异性研究.地球物理学报,2008,51(2) :431～438 Chang L J,Wang C Y,Ding Z F,et al.Seismic anisotropy of upper mantle in the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2008,51 (2) :431～438
[20] 常利军,王椿镛,丁志峰.四川及邻区上地幔各向异性研究.中国科学D辑,2008,38(12) :1589～1599 Chang L J,Wang C Y,Ding Z F.Study on seismic anisotropy of upper mantle beneath the Sichuan and its adjacent areas.Science in China (Series D) (in Chinese) ,2008,38 (12) :1589～1599
[21] 李永华,吴庆举,田小波等.用接收函数方法研究云南及其邻区地壳上地幔结构.地球物理学报,2009,52(1) :67～80 Li Y H,Wu Q J,Tian X B,et al.Crustal structure in the Yunnan region determined by modeling receiver functions.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009 ,52(1) :67～80
[22] 刘启元,李 昱,陈九辉等.汶川M_s8． 0地震:地壳上地幔S波速度结构的初步研究.地球物理学报,2009,52(2) :309～319 Liu Q Y,Li X.Chen J H,et al.Wenchuan M_s8． 0 earthquake:preliminary study of the S-wave velocity structure of the crust and upper mantle.Chinese J Geophys.(in Chinese) ,2009,52 (2) :309～319
[23] 吴建平,明跃红,王椿镛.云南数字地震台站下方的S波速度结构研究.地球物理学报,2001,44(2) :228～237 Wu J P,Ming Y H,Wang C Y.The S wave velocity structure beneath digital seismic stations of Yunnan province inferred from teleseismic receiver function modeling.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese) ,2001,44(2) :228～237
[24] 申重阳,王琪,吴 云等.川滇菱形块体主要边界运动模型的GPS数据反演分析.地球物理学报,2002,45(3) :352～361 Shen C Y,Wang Q,Wu Y,et al.GPS inversion of kinematic model of the main boundaries of the rhombus block in Yunnan and Sichuan.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2002,45 (3) :352～361
[25] 吕江宁,沈正康,王敏.川滇地区现代地壳运动速度场和活动块体模型研究.地震地质,2003,25(4) :543～554 L(u|¨) J N,Shen Z K,Wang M.Contemporary crustal deformation and active tectonic block model of the Sichuan-Yunnan region,China.Seismology and Geology (in Chinese),2003 ,25(4) :543～554
[26] 乔学军,王琪,杜瑞林.川滇地区活动地块现今地壳形变特征.地球物理学报,2004,47(5) :805～811 Qiao X J,Wang Q,Du R L.Characteristics of current crustal deformation of active blocks in the Sichuan-Yunnan region.Chinese].Geophys.(in Chinese) ,2004,47(5) :805～811
[27] 周仕勇.川西及邻近地区地震活动性模拟和断层间相互作用研究.地球物理学报,2008,51(1) :165～174 Zhou S Y.Seismicity simulation in Western of China based on the fault interactions and its implication on the estimation of the regional earthquake risk.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2008,51(1) :165～174
[28] 汪素云,许忠淮,裴顺平.中国大陆Pn波速度结构与强震孕育的深部背景.地球物理学报,2003,46(6) :779～785 Wang S Y,Xu Z H,Pei S P.Pn velocity variation beneath China mainland and deep structure background for earthquake generation.Chinese J .Geophys.(in Chinese) ,2003 ,46(6) :779～785
[29] 裴顺平.中国大陆上地幔顶部体波速度层析成像[博士论文].北京:中国地震局地球物理研究所,2002 Pei S P.Pn & Sn tomography of uppermost mantel in China [Ph.D.thesis](in Chinese).Beijing:Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,2002．
[30] 裴顺平,许忠淮,汪素云.上地幔顶部折射波走时层析成像研究综述.地球物理学进展,2003,18(1) :59～64 Pei S P,Xu Z H,Wang S Y.A review on refraction wave traveltime tomography of uppermost mantle.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese) ,2003,18(1) :59～64
[31] Pei S P,Zhao J M,Sun Y S.Upper mantle seismic velocities and anisotropy in China determined through Pn and Sn tomography.J.Geophys.Res.,2007,112(B05312) :1～16
[32] 裴顺平,许忠淮,汪素云.中国及邻区Pn波速度结构成因探讨.地震学报,2004,26(1) :1～10 Pei S P,Xu Z H,Wang S Y.Discussion on origin of Pn velocity variation in China and adjacent region.Acta Seismologica Sinica (in Chinese),2004 ,26(1) :1～10
[33] 黄金莉,宋晓东,汪素云.川滇地区上地幔顶部Pn速度细结构.中国科学,2003,33(增刊):144～150 Huang J L,Song X D,Wang S Y.Fine structure of Pn velocity beneath Sichuan-Yunnan region.Science in China (Series D) (in Chinese) ,2003,33(Suppl.) :144～150
[34] Liang C T,Song X D.A low velocity belt beneath northern and eastern Tibetan Plateau from Pn tomography.Geophys.Res.Lett.,2006,33(L22306) :1～5
[35] 胥颐,李志伟,黄润秋等.四川西部暨龙门山地区的Pn波速度和各向异性.中国科学,2010,40(4) :452～457 Xu Y,Li Z W,Huang R Q,et al.Pn velocity and anisotropy beneath western Sichuan and Longmenshan region.Science in China (SeriesD) (in Chinese),2010,40(4) :452～457
[36] Liang C T,Song X D,Huang J L.Tomographic inversion of Pn travel times in China.J.Geophys.Res.,2004,109,B11304
[37] Hearn T M,Ni J.Pn velocities beneath continental collision zones,the Turkish-Iranian Plateau.Geophys.J.Int.,1994,117:273～283
[38] Hearn T M.Anisotropic Pn tomography in the western United States.J.Geophys.Res.,1996,101 (B4) :8403～8414．
[39] Hearn T M,Beghoul N,Barazangi M.Tomography of the western United States from regional arrival times.J.Geophys.Res.,1991,96:16369～16381
[40] Hearn T M,Beghoul N,Barazangi M.Comment on "Lateral variations and azimuthal anisotropy of Pn velocities beneath basin and range province" by Lian-she Zhao.J.Geophys.Res.,1995,100:12459～12461
[41] Hearn T M.Pn travel times in Southern California.J.Geophys.Res.,1984,89:1843～1855
[42] Hearn T M,Wang S Y,Ni J F,et al.Uppermost mantle velocities beneath China and surrounding regions.J.Geophys.Res.,2004,109,B11301,doi:10,1029/2003JB002874
[43] 马杏垣,丁国瑜,高文学等.中国岩石圈动力学地图集.北京:中国地图出版社,1989 Ma X Y,Ding G Y,Gao WX,et al.Lithospheric Dynamics Atlas of China (in Chinese).Beijing:China Cartographic Publishing House,1989
[44] 王椿镛,吴建平,楼 海.川西藏东地区的地壳P波速度结构.中国科学(D辑),2003,33(增刊):181～189 Wang C Y,Wu J P,Lou H.Velocity structure of P wave in the crustal beneath western Sichuan and eastern Tibet region.Science in China (Series D) (in Chinese) ,2003,33(Suppl.) :181～189
[45] 汪辑安,徐青,张文仁.云南大地热流及地热地质问题.地震地质,1990,12(4) :367～377 Wang J A,Xu Q,Zhang W R.Heat flow data and some geologic-geothermal problems in Yunnan province.Seismology and Geology (in Chinese),1990,12 (4) :367～377
[46] 苏有锦,刘祖荫,蔡民军等.云南地区强震分布的深部地球介质背景.地震学报,1999,21(3) :313～322 Su Y J,Liu Z Y,Cai M J,et al.Background of deep earth medium of strong earthquake distribution in Yunnan region.Acta Seismologica Sinica (in Chinese),1999,21(3) ;313～322
[47] 周真恒,向才英,邓万明.云南岩石圈热结构.中国地震,1997,13(3) :213～223 Zhou Z H,Xiang C Y,Deng W M.Lithospheric geothermal structure in Yunnan,China.Earthquake Research in China (in Chinese),1997,13(3) :213～223
[48] Wang Q,Zhang P Z,Jeffrey T F,et al.Present-day crustal deformation in China constrained by Global Positioning System measurements.Science,2001,294(5542) :574～577
[2] 崔仲雄,裴顺平.青藏高原东构造结及周边地区上地幔顶部速度结构和各向异性研究.地球物理学报,2009,52(9) :2245～2254 Cui Z X,Pei S P.Study on Pn velocity and anisotropy in the uppermost mantle of the Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis and surrounding regions.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese) ,2009,52(9) :2245～2254
[3] 林中洋,胡鸿翔,张文彬等.滇西地区地壳上地幔速度结构特征的研究.地震学报,1993,15(4) :427～440 Lin Z Y,Hu H X,Zhang W B,et al.Study on velocity in the crustal and upper mantle of the western Yunnan regions.Acta Seismologica Sinica (in Chinese) ,1993,15 (4) :427～440
[4] 阚荣举,林中洋.云南地壳上地幔构造的初步研究.中国地震,1986,2(4) :50～61 Kan R J,Lin Z Y.Primary study on tectonic in the crustal and upper mantle of the Yunnan regions.Earthquake Research in China (in Chinese) ,1986,2(4) :50～61
[5] 陈学波,吴跃强,杜平山等.龙门山构造带两侧速度结构特征.国家地震局科技监测司编.中国大陆深部构造的研究与进展.北京:地质出版社,1997． 97～113 Chen X B,Wu Y Q,Du P S,et al.Crustal velocity structure at the two sides of Longmenshan tectonic belt.In:Technology Monitoring Department of China Earthquake Administration.Research and Progress on Deep Tectonic of China Mainland (in Chinese).Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1997． 97～113
[6] 熊绍柏,滕吉文,尹周勋等.攀西构造带南部地壳与上地幔结构的爆炸地震研究.地球物理学报,1986,29(3) :235～244 Xiong S B,Teng J W,Yin Z X,et al.Explosion seismological study of the structure of the crustal and upper mantle at southern part of the Panxi tectonic belt.Chinese J.Geophys.{Acta Geophysica Sinica) (in Chinese),1986,29(3) :235～244
[7] 雷建设,周蕙兰.中国西南及邻区上地幔P波三维速度结构.地震学报,2002,24(2) :126～134 Lei J S,Zhou H L.3-D velocity structure of P wave in the upper mantle beneath southwestern China and its adjacent areas.Acta Seismologica Sinica (in Chinese),2002,24(2) :126～134
[8] 黄金莉,赵大鹏,郑斯华.川滇活动构造区地震层析成像.地球物理学报,2001,44(增刊):127～136 Huang J L,Zhao D P,Zheng S H.Seismic tomography of the Sichuan-Yunnan active tectonic region.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese) ,2001,44(Suppl.):127～136
[9] Wang C Y,Chan W W,Mooney W D.Three-dimensional velocity structure of crust and upper mantle in southwestern China and its tectonic implications.J.Geophys.Res.,2003,108,B92442
[10] 刘建华,刘福田,吴 华等.中国南北带地壳和上地幔的三维速度图像.地球物理学报,1989,32(2) :143～151 Liu J H,Liu F T,Wu H,et al.3-D velocity images of the crustal and upper mantel beneath North-South zone in China.Chinese J.Geophys.(Acta Geophysica Sinica) (in Chinese),1989 ,32(2) ;143～151
[11] 刘瑞丰,陈培善,李 强.云南及其邻近地区三维速度图像.地震学报,1993,15(1) :61～67 Liu R F,Chen PS,Li Q.3-D velocity images beneath Yunnan and its adjacent areas.Acta Seismologica Sinica (in Chinese),1993 ,15(1) :61～67
[12] 丁志峰.近震层析成像的理论与应用[博士论文].北京:中国地震局地球物理研究所,1999 Ding Z F.The theories and applications of local seismological tomography [Ph.D.thesis](in Chinese).Beijing:Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,1999
[13] Lei J S,Zhao D P,Su Y J.Insight into the origin of the Tengchong intraplate volcano and seismotectonics in southwest China from local and teleseismic data.J.Geophys.Res.,2009,114(B05302) :1～18
[14] 雷建设,赵大鹏,苏金蓉等.龙门山断裂带地壳精细结构与汶川地震发震机理.地球物理学报,2009,52(2) :339～345 Lei J S,Zhao DP,Su J R,et al.Fine seismic structure under the Longmenshan fault zone and the mechanism of the large Wenchuan earthquake.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese) ,2009,52(2) :339～345
[15] Lei J S,Zhao D P.Structural heterogeneity of the Longmenshan fault zone and the mechanism of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake (M_s8． 0) .Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems,2009,10:Art.No.Q10010,doi:10． 1029/2009GC002590
[16] 李白基,张俊伟,邓英娥.中国云南地区上地幔地震各向异性.地震研究,1995,18(3) :227～236 Li B J,Zhang J W ,Deng Y E.Seismic anisotropy of upper mantle in Yunnan region.Journal of Seismological Research (in Chinese),1995,18(3) :227～236
[17] 陈培善,刘福田,李强等.云南地区速度结构的横向不均匀性.中国科学(D辑),1990,4:431～438 Chen P S,Liu F T,Li Q,et al.Lateral heterogeneity of velocity structure beneath Yunnan region.Science in China (Series D) (in Chinese) ,1990,4:431～438
[18] 常利军,王椿铺,丁志峰.云南地区SKS波分裂研究.地球物理学报,2006,49(1) :197～204 Chang L J,Wang C Y,Ding Z F.A study on SKS splitting beneath the Yunnan region.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(1) :197～204
[19] 常利军,王椿镛,丁志峰等.青藏高原东北缘上地幔各向异性研究.地球物理学报,2008,51(2) :431～438 Chang L J,Wang C Y,Ding Z F,et al.Seismic anisotropy of upper mantle in the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2008,51 (2) :431～438
[20] 常利军,王椿镛,丁志峰.四川及邻区上地幔各向异性研究.中国科学D辑,2008,38(12) :1589～1599 Chang L J,Wang C Y,Ding Z F.Study on seismic anisotropy of upper mantle beneath the Sichuan and its adjacent areas.Science in China (Series D) (in Chinese) ,2008,38 (12) :1589～1599
[21] 李永华,吴庆举,田小波等.用接收函数方法研究云南及其邻区地壳上地幔结构.地球物理学报,2009,52(1) :67～80 Li Y H,Wu Q J,Tian X B,et al.Crustal structure in the Yunnan region determined by modeling receiver functions.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009 ,52(1) :67～80
[22] 刘启元,李 昱,陈九辉等.汶川M_s8． 0地震:地壳上地幔S波速度结构的初步研究.地球物理学报,2009,52(2) :309～319 Liu Q Y,Li X.Chen J H,et al.Wenchuan M_s8． 0 earthquake:preliminary study of the S-wave velocity structure of the crust and upper mantle.Chinese J Geophys.(in Chinese) ,2009,52 (2) :309～319
[23] 吴建平,明跃红,王椿镛.云南数字地震台站下方的S波速度结构研究.地球物理学报,2001,44(2) :228～237 Wu J P,Ming Y H,Wang C Y.The S wave velocity structure beneath digital seismic stations of Yunnan province inferred from teleseismic receiver function modeling.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese) ,2001,44(2) :228～237
[24] 申重阳,王琪,吴 云等.川滇菱形块体主要边界运动模型的GPS数据反演分析.地球物理学报,2002,45(3) :352～361 Shen C Y,Wang Q,Wu Y,et al.GPS inversion of kinematic model of the main boundaries of the rhombus block in Yunnan and Sichuan.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2002,45 (3) :352～361
[25] 吕江宁,沈正康,王敏.川滇地区现代地壳运动速度场和活动块体模型研究.地震地质,2003,25(4) :543～554 L(u|¨) J N,Shen Z K,Wang M.Contemporary crustal deformation and active tectonic block model of the Sichuan-Yunnan region,China.Seismology and Geology (in Chinese),2003 ,25(4) :543～554
[26] 乔学军,王琪,杜瑞林.川滇地区活动地块现今地壳形变特征.地球物理学报,2004,47(5) :805～811 Qiao X J,Wang Q,Du R L.Characteristics of current crustal deformation of active blocks in the Sichuan-Yunnan region.Chinese].Geophys.(in Chinese) ,2004,47(5) :805～811
[27] 周仕勇.川西及邻近地区地震活动性模拟和断层间相互作用研究.地球物理学报,2008,51(1) :165～174 Zhou S Y.Seismicity simulation in Western of China based on the fault interactions and its implication on the estimation of the regional earthquake risk.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2008,51(1) :165～174
[28] 汪素云,许忠淮,裴顺平.中国大陆Pn波速度结构与强震孕育的深部背景.地球物理学报,2003,46(6) :779～785 Wang S Y,Xu Z H,Pei S P.Pn velocity variation beneath China mainland and deep structure background for earthquake generation.Chinese J .Geophys.(in Chinese) ,2003 ,46(6) :779～785
[29] 裴顺平.中国大陆上地幔顶部体波速度层析成像[博士论文].北京:中国地震局地球物理研究所,2002 Pei S P.Pn & Sn tomography of uppermost mantel in China [Ph.D.thesis](in Chinese).Beijing:Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,2002．
[30] 裴顺平,许忠淮,汪素云.上地幔顶部折射波走时层析成像研究综述.地球物理学进展,2003,18(1) :59～64 Pei S P,Xu Z H,Wang S Y.A review on refraction wave traveltime tomography of uppermost mantle.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese) ,2003,18(1) :59～64
[31] Pei S P,Zhao J M,Sun Y S.Upper mantle seismic velocities and anisotropy in China determined through Pn and Sn tomography.J.Geophys.Res.,2007,112(B05312) :1～16
[32] 裴顺平,许忠淮,汪素云.中国及邻区Pn波速度结构成因探讨.地震学报,2004,26(1) :1～10 Pei S P,Xu Z H,Wang S Y.Discussion on origin of Pn velocity variation in China and adjacent region.Acta Seismologica Sinica (in Chinese),2004 ,26(1) :1～10
[33] 黄金莉,宋晓东,汪素云.川滇地区上地幔顶部Pn速度细结构.中国科学,2003,33(增刊):144～150 Huang J L,Song X D,Wang S Y.Fine structure of Pn velocity beneath Sichuan-Yunnan region.Science in China (Series D) (in Chinese) ,2003,33(Suppl.) :144～150
[34] Liang C T,Song X D.A low velocity belt beneath northern and eastern Tibetan Plateau from Pn tomography.Geophys.Res.Lett.,2006,33(L22306) :1～5
[35] 胥颐,李志伟,黄润秋等.四川西部暨龙门山地区的Pn波速度和各向异性.中国科学,2010,40(4) :452～457 Xu Y,Li Z W,Huang R Q,et al.Pn velocity and anisotropy beneath western Sichuan and Longmenshan region.Science in China (SeriesD) (in Chinese),2010,40(4) :452～457
[36] Liang C T,Song X D,Huang J L.Tomographic inversion of Pn travel times in China.J.Geophys.Res.,2004,109,B11304
[37] Hearn T M,Ni J.Pn velocities beneath continental collision zones,the Turkish-Iranian Plateau.Geophys.J.Int.,1994,117:273～283
[38] Hearn T M.Anisotropic Pn tomography in the western United States.J.Geophys.Res.,1996,101 (B4) :8403～8414．
[39] Hearn T M,Beghoul N,Barazangi M.Tomography of the western United States from regional arrival times.J.Geophys.Res.,1991,96:16369～16381
[40] Hearn T M,Beghoul N,Barazangi M.Comment on "Lateral variations and azimuthal anisotropy of Pn velocities beneath basin and range province" by Lian-she Zhao.J.Geophys.Res.,1995,100:12459～12461
[41] Hearn T M.Pn travel times in Southern California.J.Geophys.Res.,1984,89:1843～1855
[42] Hearn T M,Wang S Y,Ni J F,et al.Uppermost mantle velocities beneath China and surrounding regions.J.Geophys.Res.,2004,109,B11301,doi:10,1029/2003JB002874
[43] 马杏垣,丁国瑜,高文学等.中国岩石圈动力学地图集.北京:中国地图出版社,1989 Ma X Y,Ding G Y,Gao WX,et al.Lithospheric Dynamics Atlas of China (in Chinese).Beijing:China Cartographic Publishing House,1989
[44] 王椿镛,吴建平,楼 海.川西藏东地区的地壳P波速度结构.中国科学(D辑),2003,33(增刊):181～189 Wang C Y,Wu J P,Lou H.Velocity structure of P wave in the crustal beneath western Sichuan and eastern Tibet region.Science in China (Series D) (in Chinese) ,2003,33(Suppl.) :181～189
[45] 汪辑安,徐青,张文仁.云南大地热流及地热地质问题.地震地质,1990,12(4) :367～377 Wang J A,Xu Q,Zhang W R.Heat flow data and some geologic-geothermal problems in Yunnan province.Seismology and Geology (in Chinese),1990,12 (4) :367～377
[46] 苏有锦,刘祖荫,蔡民军等.云南地区强震分布的深部地球介质背景.地震学报,1999,21(3) :313～322 Su Y J,Liu Z Y,Cai M J,et al.Background of deep earth medium of strong earthquake distribution in Yunnan region.Acta Seismologica Sinica (in Chinese),1999,21(3) ;313～322
[47] 周真恒,向才英,邓万明.云南岩石圈热结构.中国地震,1997,13(3) :213～223 Zhou Z H,Xiang C Y,Deng W M.Lithospheric geothermal structure in Yunnan,China.Earthquake Research in China (in Chinese),1997,13(3) :213～223
[48] Wang Q,Zhang P Z,Jeffrey T F,et al.Present-day crustal deformation in China constrained by Global Positioning System measurements.Science,2001,294(5542) :574～577
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心