三维VSP多波速度分析方法及应用
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摘要
针对三维VSP多波速度分析问题,研究并实现了三维VSP上行反射纵波及转换波的速度分析方法。该方法可求取接收点以下反射层的多波速度,填补了常规VSP速度分析方法中仅依靠下行波初至求取接收点以上地层速度的缺陷。该速度分析方法包含非零偏VSP多波时距曲线公式、纵波反射点计算、转换波转换点的迭代算法及在没有横波初至信息的情况下求取检波点处横波速度的方法。在此基础上,建立了三维VSP多波速度分析流程和步骤。应用于理论VSP多波资料及实际斜井三维VSP多波资料的处理,得到了与地面地震时间坐标一致的多波叠加速度模型、多波动校正道集及叠加剖面。处理结果证明了该方法的正确性和有效性。
Aiming at the 3D-VSP multiple velocity analysis problems,the velocity analysis method of 3D-VSP reflected P-wave and converted wave was stuied and realized,which can acquire the multiple velocity of the reflection layers below the receiving points and infill the defect of conventional VSP velocity analysis method to obtain the formation velocity above the receiving points only by first break of down-going wave.3D-VSP multiple velocity analysis includes non-zero-offset VSP multiple moveout equations,caculating the reflection point of reflected P-wave,iterative algorithm of converted point of reflected converted-wave,as well as the method to determine the S-wave velocity at the geophone location without S-wave first break data Based on the above methods,combined with batch processing and interactive method,we built the workflow and steps of 3D-VSP multiple velocity analysis.Moreover,the method was applied on theoretical VSP multiple data and actual 3D-VSP multiple data of deviated well.As a consequence,we obtained the multiple stack velocity model,multiple moveout gathers and stack profile which were coinciding with the time coordinates of surface seismic.The processing results proved the correctness and effectiveness of the method.
Aiming at the 3D-VSP multiple velocity analysis problems,the velocity analysis method of 3D-VSP reflected P-wave and converted wave was stuied and realized,which can acquire the multiple velocity of the reflection layers below the receiving points and infill the defect of conventional VSP velocity analysis method to obtain the formation velocity above the receiving points only by first break of down-going wave.3D-VSP multiple velocity analysis includes non-zero-offset VSP multiple moveout equations,caculating the reflection point of reflected P-wave,iterative algorithm of converted point of reflected converted-wave,as well as the method to determine the S-wave velocity at the geophone location without S-wave first break data Based on the above methods,combined with batch processing and interactive method,we built the workflow and steps of 3D-VSP multiple velocity analysis.Moreover,the method was applied on theoretical VSP multiple data and actual 3D-VSP multiple data of deviated well.As a consequence,we obtained the multiple stack velocity model,multiple moveout gathers and stack profile which were coinciding with the time coordinates of surface seismic.The processing results proved the correctness and effectiveness of the method.
引文
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[2]Wyatt K D,Wyatt S B.The ditermination of subsur-face structural information using the VSP[J].Ex-panded Abstracts of 51st Annual Internat SEG Mtg,1981,1915-1949
[3]Wyatt K D.Vertical seismic profiling[P].UnitedStates Patent,4627036,1986-12-6
[4]Dillon P B,Thomson R C.Offset source VSP sur-veys and their image construction[J].GeophysicalProspecting,1984,32(5):790-811
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[7]徐仲达,郝晓红,徐翔之,等.用VSP数据中下行P-SV转换横波求取横波速度[J].石油物探,2002,41(3):274-278Xu Z D,Hao X H,Xu X Z,et al.Estimation of ve-locities of shear-waves using downward converted P-SV waves in VSP data[J].Geophysical Prospectingfor Petroleum,2002,41(3):274-278
[8]姚忠瑞,何惺华.利用零偏VSP资料求取横波速度[J].勘探地球物理进展,2007,30(2):100-103Yao Z R,He X H.Calculation of S-wave velocityfrom zero-offset VSP data[J].Progress in Explora-tion Geophysics,2007,30(2):100-103
[9]苏媛媛,李录明,赵俊省,等.斜井三维VSP动校叠加处理方法[J].物探化探计算技术,2010,32(2):132-137Su Y Y,Li L M,Zhao J S,et al.The processingmethods of nmo correction and stack indeviated 3D-VSP[J].Comouting Techniques for Geophysical andGeochemical Exploration,2010,32(2):132-137
[10]Tessmer G,Behle A.Common reflection point data-stacking technique for converted waves[J].Geo-physical Prospecting,1988,36(7):671-688
[11]周竹生,王卫华.一种快速、高精度的共转换点轨迹计算方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,1993,28(1):37-45Zhou Z S,Wang W H.A method for fast and accuratelycomputing the commom conversion point locus[J].OilGeophysical Prospecting,1993,28(1):37-45
[12]李录明,罗省贤.多波多分量地震勘探原理及数据处理方法[M].成都:成都科技大学出版社,1997:86-89Li L M,Luo S X.The Theory of Multi-ComponentSeismic Exploration and Data processing[M].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Science and Tech-nology Press,1997:86-89
[13]李录明,罗省贤.P-SV转换波速度分析方法及解释方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,1995,30(1):66-74Li L M,Luo S X.Velocity analysis and interpreta-tion of P-SV wave[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1995,30(1):66-74
[14]牟永光,刘洋,陈小宏,等.地震数据处理方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2007:249-251Mou Y G,Liu Y,Chen X H,et al.The Method ofSeismic Data Processing[M].Beijing:Petroleum In-dustry Press,2007:249-251
[2]Wyatt K D,Wyatt S B.The ditermination of subsur-face structural information using the VSP[J].Ex-panded Abstracts of 51st Annual Internat SEG Mtg,1981,1915-1949
[3]Wyatt K D.Vertical seismic profiling[P].UnitedStates Patent,4627036,1986-12-6
[4]Dillon P B,Thomson R C.Offset source VSP sur-veys and their image construction[J].GeophysicalProspecting,1984,32(5):790-811
[5]Gulati J S,Stewart R R.Peron J.Normal moveoutcorrection and VSP-CDP transformation[J].CREWES Project Research report,1997,V.9
[6]贺元凯.VSP速度分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,1987,22(3):341-344He Y K.VSP velocity analysis[J].Oil GeophysicalProspecting,1987,22(3):341-344
[7]徐仲达,郝晓红,徐翔之,等.用VSP数据中下行P-SV转换横波求取横波速度[J].石油物探,2002,41(3):274-278Xu Z D,Hao X H,Xu X Z,et al.Estimation of ve-locities of shear-waves using downward converted P-SV waves in VSP data[J].Geophysical Prospectingfor Petroleum,2002,41(3):274-278
[8]姚忠瑞,何惺华.利用零偏VSP资料求取横波速度[J].勘探地球物理进展,2007,30(2):100-103Yao Z R,He X H.Calculation of S-wave velocityfrom zero-offset VSP data[J].Progress in Explora-tion Geophysics,2007,30(2):100-103
[9]苏媛媛,李录明,赵俊省,等.斜井三维VSP动校叠加处理方法[J].物探化探计算技术,2010,32(2):132-137Su Y Y,Li L M,Zhao J S,et al.The processingmethods of nmo correction and stack indeviated 3D-VSP[J].Comouting Techniques for Geophysical andGeochemical Exploration,2010,32(2):132-137
[10]Tessmer G,Behle A.Common reflection point data-stacking technique for converted waves[J].Geo-physical Prospecting,1988,36(7):671-688
[11]周竹生,王卫华.一种快速、高精度的共转换点轨迹计算方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,1993,28(1):37-45Zhou Z S,Wang W H.A method for fast and accuratelycomputing the commom conversion point locus[J].OilGeophysical Prospecting,1993,28(1):37-45
[12]李录明,罗省贤.多波多分量地震勘探原理及数据处理方法[M].成都:成都科技大学出版社,1997:86-89Li L M,Luo S X.The Theory of Multi-ComponentSeismic Exploration and Data processing[M].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Science and Tech-nology Press,1997:86-89
[13]李录明,罗省贤.P-SV转换波速度分析方法及解释方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,1995,30(1):66-74Li L M,Luo S X.Velocity analysis and interpreta-tion of P-SV wave[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1995,30(1):66-74
[14]牟永光,刘洋,陈小宏,等.地震数据处理方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2007:249-251Mou Y G,Liu Y,Chen X H,et al.The Method ofSeismic Data Processing[M].Beijing:Petroleum In-dustry Press,2007:249-251
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