湖南慈利溪口震旦系陡山沱组震积岩的发现及其地质意义
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摘要
湘西慈利溪口地区震旦系陡山沱组地层中首次发现碳酸盐岩原地震积岩。笔者通过剖面实测,详细观察和描述,结合构造背景,识别出阶梯状层内断层、液化碳酸盐岩脉、液化角砾岩、负荷构造以及微褶纹理等典型的震积软沉积变形构造的地质记录;震积序列在剖面结构上显示自下而上由下伏未震动层—阶梯状层内断层—微褶皱层—液化碳酸盐岩层—液化角砾岩层—上覆未震动层的渐变过程及震积作用逐渐衰减的趋势。震积岩发育的层位在时空上显示良好的可对比性,反映陡山沱期晚期构造活动强烈,并具备多旋回、多周期的特点。构造的活跃加速了有机碳库的氧化,为该时期多细胞生物的繁盛和大规模的成磷成矿作用奠定了基础;同时保存完好的震积地层记录对推断研究区的古沉积环境也具有重要意义。
Autochthonous seismites of the Doushantuo Formation have been discovered for the first time in Xikou,Cili County in Hunan Province.Based on the profile measurement,detailed observations and description,combined with the analysis of the tectonic background,many typical seismites soft sedimentary deformation structures have been recognized,such as: fault-graded,liquefied carbonate vein,liquefied breccias,convolute deformation structure,water-escape structur and seismo-folds,and so on.The vertical sequence of the seimites is underlying unshocked layer,syn-sedimentary microtracture(fault-graded),micro-corrugated layer,vibrational liquefaction layer,liquefied breccias layer,liquefied homogenization layer and overlying unshocked layer from down to up.The horizon of the seismite shows a good contradistinctive relation in time and space.It suggests that in the Doushantuo Period,strong and frequency seismic activity occurred in study area,the nature and activity of earthquake fault varied with different phases.Tectonic activity which accelerates the organic carbon the oxidation is beneficial to development of organisms and also helpful to the phosphate accumulation.In addition,well-kept paleoseismic records are of great significance to deduce the sedimentary environment.
Autochthonous seismites of the Doushantuo Formation have been discovered for the first time in Xikou,Cili County in Hunan Province.Based on the profile measurement,detailed observations and description,combined with the analysis of the tectonic background,many typical seismites soft sedimentary deformation structures have been recognized,such as: fault-graded,liquefied carbonate vein,liquefied breccias,convolute deformation structure,water-escape structur and seismo-folds,and so on.The vertical sequence of the seimites is underlying unshocked layer,syn-sedimentary microtracture(fault-graded),micro-corrugated layer,vibrational liquefaction layer,liquefied breccias layer,liquefied homogenization layer and overlying unshocked layer from down to up.The horizon of the seismite shows a good contradistinctive relation in time and space.It suggests that in the Doushantuo Period,strong and frequency seismic activity occurred in study area,the nature and activity of earthquake fault varied with different phases.Tectonic activity which accelerates the organic carbon the oxidation is beneficial to development of organisms and also helpful to the phosphate accumulation.In addition,well-kept paleoseismic records are of great significance to deduce the sedimentary environment.
引文
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2 Seilacher A.Fault-graded bed interpreted as seismites[J].Sedimentol-ogy,1969,13(1-2):155-159
3宋天锐.北京十三陵前寒武纪碳酸盐岩地层中的一套可能的地震—海啸序列[J].科学通报,1988,38(8):609-611[Song Tianrui.A possible seismite-tsunami sequence in Precambrian carbonate stratig-raphy in Shisanling area,Beijing[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,1988,38(8):609-611]
4乔秀夫,宋天锐,高林志,等.碳酸盐岩振动液化地震序列[J].地质学报,1994,68(1):16-32[Qiao Xiufu,Song Tianrui,Gao Linzhi,etal.Seismic sequence in carbonate rocks by vibrational liquefaction[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,1994,68(1):16-32]
5乔秀夫,李海兵,高林志.华北地台震旦纪—早古生代地震节律[J].地学前缘,1997,4(3-4):155-160[Qiao Xiufu,Li Haibing,GaoLinzhi.Sinian-Early Paleozoic seismic rhythms on the north China plat-form[J].Earth Science Frontiers,1997,4(3-4):155-160]
6乔秀夫,高林志.华北中新元古代及早中生代地震灾变事件及与Rodinia的关系[J].科学通报,1999,44(16):1753-1758[Qiao Xi-ufu,Gao Linzhi.Earth quake events in Neoproterozoic and Early Pale-ozoic and its relationship with super continental Rodinia in North China[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,1999,44(16):1753-1758]
7乔秀夫,高林志,彭阳,等.古郯庐带沧浪铺阶地震事件、层序及构造意义[J].中国科学:D辑,2001,31(11):911-918[Qiao Xiufu,Gao Linzhi,Peng Yang,et al.Seismic event,sequence and tectonicsignificance in Canglangpu Stage in paleo-tanlu fault zone[J].Sciencein China:Series D,2001,31(11):911-918]
8杜远生,张传恒,韩欣,等.滇中中元古代昆阳群的地震事件沉积及其地质意义[J].中国科学:D辑,2001,31(4):283-289[Du Yuansh-eng,Han Xin.Earthquake events deposition and geologic significanceof Kunyang group in Mid-Proterozoic in Dianxi[J].Science in China:Series D,2001,31(4):283-289]
9贾志海,洪天求,郑文武,等.皖北新元古代望山组震积岩的基本特征及其形成环境分析[J].地层学杂志,2003,27(2):146-149[JiaZhihai,Hong Tianqiu,Zheng Wenwu,et al.The characters and envi-ronments of the seismites of the Neoproterzoic Wangshan Formation innorth Anhui[J].Journal of Stratigraphy,2003,27(2):146-149]
10吕洪波,章雨旭,夏邦栋,等.南盘江盆地中三叠统复理石中的同沉积挤压构造——一类新的沉积构造的归类、命名和构造意义探讨[J].地质论评,2003,49(5):449-456[LüHongbo,Zhang Yuxu,Xao Guowang,et al.Earthquake slump blocks discovered in lowerpart of the Sailinhudong Group,Heinaobao,Southeast Bayan Obo,Inner Mongolia[J].Geological Review,2006,52(2):163-169]
11戴朝成,郑荣才,朱如凯.四川类前陆盆地须家河组震积岩的发现及其研究意义[J].地球科学进展,2009,24(2):618-630[DaiChaocheng,Zheng Rongcai,Zhu Rukai.The discovery and significance ofseismites from Xujiahe Formation in Sichuan Analogous Foreland Ba-sin[J].Advances in Earth Science,2009,24(2):618-630]
12吴贤涛,尹国勋.四川峨眉晚侏罗世湖泊沉积中震积岩的发现及其意义[J].沉积学报,1992,10(3):19-24[Wu Xiantao,Yin Guox-un.Discovery of seismite and its significance of the Late Jurassic la-custrine deposit in Emei,Sichuan Province[J].Acta SedimentologicaSinica,1992,10(3):19-24]
13张琴,朱筱敏,张建军,等.酒西盆地青南凹陷柳沟庄—窟窿山地区下白垩统震积岩的发现及意义[J].地质学报,2003,77(2):158-162[Zhang Qin,Zhu Xiaomin,Zhang Jianjun,et al.The dis-covery of seismite and its significance in Lower Cretaceous in Li-ugouzhuang and Kulongshan region,Qingnan Sag,Jiuxi Basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2003,77(2):158-162]
14郑荣才,文华国,范铭涛,等.酒西盆地下沟组湖相白烟型喷流岩岩石学特征[J].岩石学报,2006,22(12):3027-3038[Zheng Rong-cai,Wen Huaguo,Fan Mingtao,et al.Lithological characteristics ofsublacustrine white smoke type exhalative rock of the Xiagou Forma-tion in Jiuxi Basin[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2006,22(12):3027-3038]
15陈世悦,袁文芳,鄢继华.济阳坳陷早第三纪震积岩的发现及其意义[J].地质科学,2003,38(3):413-424[Chen Shiyue,Yuan Wen-fang,Yan Jihua.Discovery and significance of earthquake event de-posits of Early Tertiary in the Jiyang depression[J].Earth Science,2003,38(3):413-424]
16梁定益,聂泽同,宋志敏.再论震积岩及震积不整合——以川西、滇西地区为例[J].地球科学,1994,19(6):845-850[Liang Dingyi,Nie Zetong,Song Zhimin.A re-study on seismite and seismo-uncon-formity:Taking western Sichuan and western Yunnan as an example[J].Earth Science,1994,19(6):845-850]
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