塔里木盆地三叠纪前缘隆起迁移演化规律
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摘要
利用大量钻测井及地震资料,通过对邻近前缘隆起的隆后坳陷地层特征的分析以及与库车河露头的对比,探讨了塔里木盆地三叠纪前缘隆起的迁移演化规律。结果表明,三叠纪前缘隆起发生了 3 次往复迁移,隆后坳陷地区发育多期不整合面,且最大不整合面均发育于地层的底部。早三叠世,隆后坳陷地层南厚北薄,早期前缘隆起向天山方向迁移,隆后坳陷地层超覆其上,前陆坳陷变窄; 晚期则向克拉通方向迁移隆升,邻近的隆后坳陷地层遭受强烈剥蚀。由于前缘隆起的遮挡作用,该时期前陆坳陷与隆后地区尚未贯通,山前发育冲积扇。中、晚三叠世前缘隆起又发生两次迁移,其迁移特征与早三叠世类似,但中三叠世前陆坳陷与隆后坳陷仍未相连,而晚三叠世两者相互连通。
Based on a large amount of logging and seismic data,and a comparison with Kuqa River outcrop,the characteristics of back-bulge strata and unconformities of the Triassic which developed near forebulge area in Tarim Basin are comprehensively analyzed,and then the forebulge migration and evolution are discussed.The results show that during the Triassic the forebulge had experienced three times reciprocating migration,with Early,Middle and Late Triassic once respectively.Many unconformities were developed in the back-bulge area,with maximum unconformity located at the bottom. During the earlier Early Triassic, the forebulge which migrated toward Tianshan Mountain was onlapped by back-bulge strata,with the strata being thinner to the north and a narrower foredeep left. However,during the late Early Triassic,the forebulge moved and uplifted toward craton,with nearby back-bulge strata severely eroded.Simultaneously,because of the blocking of forebulge,the foredeep couldn't connect with back-bulge zone,and the alluvial fan developed under mountains.The characteristics of two later migrations were similar to that of the Early Triassic,but the back-bulge and forebulge were separated during the Middle Triassic and connected during the Late Triassic.
Based on a large amount of logging and seismic data,and a comparison with Kuqa River outcrop,the characteristics of back-bulge strata and unconformities of the Triassic which developed near forebulge area in Tarim Basin are comprehensively analyzed,and then the forebulge migration and evolution are discussed.The results show that during the Triassic the forebulge had experienced three times reciprocating migration,with Early,Middle and Late Triassic once respectively.Many unconformities were developed in the back-bulge area,with maximum unconformity located at the bottom. During the earlier Early Triassic, the forebulge which migrated toward Tianshan Mountain was onlapped by back-bulge strata,with the strata being thinner to the north and a narrower foredeep left. However,during the late Early Triassic,the forebulge moved and uplifted toward craton,with nearby back-bulge strata severely eroded.Simultaneously,because of the blocking of forebulge,the foredeep couldn't connect with back-bulge zone,and the alluvial fan developed under mountains.The characteristics of two later migrations were similar to that of the Early Triassic,but the back-bulge and forebulge were separated during the Middle Triassic and connected during the Late Triassic.
引文
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Chang Jih-hsin,Yu Ho-shing,Hsu Ho-han,et al.2012.Forebulge migration in late Cenozoic Western Taiwan foreland basin[J].Tectonophysics,578: 117-125.
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Quinlan G M.1984.Application thrusting,lithospheric flexure and Paleo-zonic stratigraphy of Eastern Interior of North American[J].Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences,21(3):973-996.
Roddaz M,Baby P,Brusset S,et al.2005.Forebulge dynamics and environmental control in Western Amazonia: The case study of the Arch of Iquitos(Peru) [J].Tectonophysics,399: 87-108.
Singh B P.2003.Evidence of growth fault and forebulge in the late Paleo-cene(～57.9-54.7Ma),western Himalayan foreland basin,India[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,216: 717-724.
Ver Straeten C A,Brett C E.2000.Bulge migration and pinnacle reef development,Devonian Applachian Foreland Basin[J].Journal of Geology,108: 339-352.
Waschbusch P J,Royden L H.1992.Episodicity in foredeep basins[J].Geology,20: 915-918.
White T,Furlong K,Arthur M.2002.Forebulge migration in the Cretaceous western interior basin of the central USA[J].Basin Research,14: 43-54.
Yu Ho-shing,Chou Yingwei.2001.Characteristics and development of the flexural forebulge and basal unconformity western Taiwan foreland basin[J].Tectonophysics,333: 277-291.
郭建华,刘辰生,朱锐.2007.阿克库勒地区三叠系层序地层学及储集砂体成因类型[J].沉积学报,25(2):169-177.
何登发,贾承造,李德生,等.2005.塔里木多旋回叠合盆地的形成与演化[J].石油与天然气地质,26(1):64-77.
何宏,郭建华,彭苏萍,等.2002.库车前陆盆地三叠系层序地层研究[J].石油勘探与开发,29(3):32-36.
纪云龙,丁孝忠,李喜臣,等.2003.塔里木盆地库车坳陷三叠纪沉积相与古地理研究[J].地质力学学报,9(3):268-275.
贾承造.2004.塔里木盆地中新生代构造特征与油气[M].北京:石油工业出版社,47-56.
金之钧,王清晨.2004.中国典型叠合盆地与油气成藏研究新进展:以塔里木盆地为例[J].中国科学(D辑),34(增Ⅰ):1-12.
李维锋,高振中,彭德堂,等.1999.库车坳陷中生界3种类型三角洲的比较研究[J].沉积学报,17(3):430-434.
刘邵文,王良书,李成,等.2003.塔里木盆地北缘岩石圈热—流变结构及其地球动力学意义[J].中国科学(D辑),33(9) :852-863.
吕锡敏,皮学军,任战利,等.2004.库车前陆盆地含油气系统的地质特征[J].天然气地球科学,15(3):214-217.
王家豪,王华.2006.库车前陆盆地东部白垩系—古近系层序地层及其构造响应研究[M].湖北武汉:中国地质大学出版社,96-103.
王招明.2004.库车前陆盆地露头区油气地质[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1-47.
张纪易.1992.塔里木盆地轮南地区三叠系沉积相分析[J].新疆石油地质,13(4):322-338.
Bradley D C,Leach D L.2003.Tectonic controls of Mississippi Valley-type lead-zinc mineralization in orogenic forelands[J].Mineralium Deposita,38: 652-667.
Catuneanu O,Beaumont C,Waschbush P.1997.Interplay of static loads and subduction dynamics in foreland basins: Reciprocal stratigraphies and the“missing”peripheral bulge[J].Geology,25: 1087-1090.
Chang Jih-hsin,Yu Ho-shing,Hsu Ho-han,et al.2012.Forebulge migration in late Cenozoic Western Taiwan foreland basin[J].Tectonophysics,578: 117-125.
Crampton S L,Allen P A.1995.Recognition of forebulge unconformities associated with early stage foreland basin development: Example from the North Alpine foreland basin[J].AAPG Bulletin,79(10) :1495-1514.
Delles P G,Giles K A.1996.Foreland basin systems [J].Basin Research,8(2):105-123.
Filer J K.2003.Stratigraphic evidence for a Late Devonian possible back-bulge basin in the Applachian basin,United States[J].Basin Research,15: 417-429.
Jordan T E.1981.Thrust loads and foreland basin evolution,Cretaceous western United States[J].AAPG Bulletin,65(12):2506-2520.
Quinlan G M.1984.Application thrusting,lithospheric flexure and Paleo-zonic stratigraphy of Eastern Interior of North American[J].Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences,21(3):973-996.
Roddaz M,Baby P,Brusset S,et al.2005.Forebulge dynamics and environmental control in Western Amazonia: The case study of the Arch of Iquitos(Peru) [J].Tectonophysics,399: 87-108.
Singh B P.2003.Evidence of growth fault and forebulge in the late Paleo-cene(～57.9-54.7Ma),western Himalayan foreland basin,India[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,216: 717-724.
Ver Straeten C A,Brett C E.2000.Bulge migration and pinnacle reef development,Devonian Applachian Foreland Basin[J].Journal of Geology,108: 339-352.
Waschbusch P J,Royden L H.1992.Episodicity in foredeep basins[J].Geology,20: 915-918.
White T,Furlong K,Arthur M.2002.Forebulge migration in the Cretaceous western interior basin of the central USA[J].Basin Research,14: 43-54.
Yu Ho-shing,Chou Yingwei.2001.Characteristics and development of the flexural forebulge and basal unconformity western Taiwan foreland basin[J].Tectonophysics,333: 277-291.
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