准噶尔盆地东部滴水泉地区侏罗系八道湾组沉积特征与沉积演化模式
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摘要
在对区域地质、岩心、测井及地震资料分析的基础上,研究了准噶尔盆地东部滴水泉地区侏罗系八道湾组沉积特征、沉积相展布特征及沉积演化模式。结果表明:研究区八道湾组主要发育辫状河、辫状河三角洲和湖泊3种沉积相类型,可进一步细分为辫状河道、泛滥平原、辫状河三角洲平原、辫状河三角洲前缘及滨浅湖5种亚相类型,以及水道、心滩、湿地、分流河道、水下分流河道、支流间湾、河口坝、远砂坝和滨浅湖泥9种微相类型。J1b1段沉积期,由北东方向的克拉美丽山提供物源,分别向南、向西发育大范围砾质辫状河沉积;J1b2段沉积期,湖进开始由南西向北东方向上超,湖泊范围可达研究区内的古剥蚀区,分布了广阔的湖泊相沉积;J1b3段沉积期,构造活动强烈,物源供给充沛,大量碎屑物从克拉美丽山进入滴水泉地区,形成辫状河三角洲沉积。准噶尔盆地侏罗纪沉积环境及背景条件具有"沟梁相间、盆大水浅、河长扇短、源多坡缓"的特点,结合研究区的沉积特征及沉积展布特征,提出研究区为辫状河—湖泊—辫状河三角洲相结合的沉积演化模式。
Based on the analyses of regional geology,core,logging and seismic data,the sedimentary characteristics,distribution features of sedimentary facies and the sedimentary evolution model of Dishuiquan area are examined.The results show that the study area mainly develops three sedimentary facies including braided river,braided river delta and lacustrine,five types of sedimentary subfacies including braided channel,floodplain,braided river delta plain,braided river delta front and shore-shallow lacustrine,and nine types of sedimentary microfacies including channel,channel bar,wetland,distributary channel,underwater distributary channel,tributary bay,mouth bar,distal bar and shore-shallow lacustrine mud.Based on sedimentary characteristics and deposits distribution,an evolutionary model with braided river-lake-braided river delta facies integrated is proposed.In the depositional period of J1b1,the source came from Kelameili Mountain in the northeast,and it developed large area of gravel braided rivers to the south and west.In the depositional period of J1b2,the lacustrine transgressive onlapped from southwest to northeast,the lakes could reach the ancient denudation area,and it developed large area of lacustrine sediments.In the depositional period of J1b3,tectonic activity were intensive and source supply was abundant.Large amounts of clastic sediments came into the Dishuiquan area from Kelameili Mountain and it developed braided river delta.Jurassic strata in Junggar basin are characterized by "groove alternating with roof;shallow water in wide basin;wide-spreading river and restricted fan;multi-source and gentle slope".
Based on the analyses of regional geology,core,logging and seismic data,the sedimentary characteristics,distribution features of sedimentary facies and the sedimentary evolution model of Dishuiquan area are examined.The results show that the study area mainly develops three sedimentary facies including braided river,braided river delta and lacustrine,five types of sedimentary subfacies including braided channel,floodplain,braided river delta plain,braided river delta front and shore-shallow lacustrine,and nine types of sedimentary microfacies including channel,channel bar,wetland,distributary channel,underwater distributary channel,tributary bay,mouth bar,distal bar and shore-shallow lacustrine mud.Based on sedimentary characteristics and deposits distribution,an evolutionary model with braided river-lake-braided river delta facies integrated is proposed.In the depositional period of J1b1,the source came from Kelameili Mountain in the northeast,and it developed large area of gravel braided rivers to the south and west.In the depositional period of J1b2,the lacustrine transgressive onlapped from southwest to northeast,the lakes could reach the ancient denudation area,and it developed large area of lacustrine sediments.In the depositional period of J1b3,tectonic activity were intensive and source supply was abundant.Large amounts of clastic sediments came into the Dishuiquan area from Kelameili Mountain and it developed braided river delta.Jurassic strata in Junggar basin are characterized by "groove alternating with roof;shallow water in wide basin;wide-spreading river and restricted fan;multi-source and gentle slope".
引文
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[8]Tang Zhonghua,Huang Yun,Zhang Hualong.Sedimentary fa-cies and sequences of Jurassic in eastern Junggar basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,1997,18(4):330-337.[唐忠华,黄芸,张化龙.准噶尔盆地东部侏罗系沉积相及沉积层序[J].新疆石油地质,1997,18(4):330-337.]
[9]Shen Nan,Zhu Aiguo,Gao Xianzhi.Sedimentary characteris-tics of the lower Jurassic in Cainan area in Junggar basin[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2008,10(3):271-276.[沈楠,朱爱国,高先志.准噶尔盆地彩南地区下侏罗统沉积特征[J].古地理学报,2008,10(3):271-276.]
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[11]Wang Jianxin.Identification of sedimentary microfacies in ret-rograding alluvial fan of Badaowan Formation in Dishuiquanoilfield in eastern Junggar basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geol-ogy,2011,32(5):489-491.[王建新.准东滴水泉油田八道湾组退积型冲积扇沉积微相识别[J].新疆石油地质,2011,32(5):489-491.]
[12]Jin Zhenkui,Su Kui,Zhang Yongsheng,et al.Depositionalcharacteristics and petroleum geological significance of wet-land[J].Journal of University of Petroleum:Natural ScienceEditon,2001,35(3):1-6.[金振奎,苏奎,张永生,等.湿地的沉积特征及石油地质意义[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2001,35(3):1-6.]
[13]Wu Zhixiong,Shi Ji'an,Zhang Yongshu,et al.Sedimentary fea-tures and facies of Paleogene braided river in Mabei area[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2012,23(5):849-855.[吴志雄,史基安,张永庶,等.柴达木盆地北缘马北地区古近系辫状河微相特征及沉积模式[J].天然气地球科学,2012,23(5):849-855.]
[14]Wang Jiao.Discovery of braided river delta in the lower mem-ber of Guantao Formation in Zhanhua sag and exploration sig-nificance[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2010,21(6):974-979.[王蛟.沾化凹陷馆陶组下段辫状河三角洲的发现及油气勘探意义[J].天然气地球科学,2010,21(6):974-979.]
[15]Zhang Manlang,Zhu Xiaomin,Zhang Qin.Jurassic sedimenta-ry system of east Junggar basin and its hydrocarbon signifi-cance[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2000,21(3):272-278.[张满郎,朱筱敏,张琴.准噶尔盆地东部侏罗系沉积体系及油气意义[J].石油与天然气地质,2000,21(3):272-278.]
[16]Wang Yingmin,Liu Hao,Li Licheng,et al.The explorationprospect of nonstructural traps of Jurassic in Junggar basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2002,27(6):683-688.[王英民,刘豪,李立诚,等.准噶尔大型坳陷湖盆坡折带的类型和分布特征[J].地球科学,2002,27(6):683-688.]
[17]He Zhiping,Shao Longyi,Kang Yongshang,et al.Analysis oncontrols of the coal accumulation in the Jurassic BadaowanFormation,Junggar basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2004,22(3):449-454.[何志平,邵龙义,康永尚,等.准噶尔盆地侏罗系八道湾组聚煤作用控制因素分析[J].沉积学报,2004,22(3):449-454.]
[18]Hu Ping,Xu Heng,Li Xinbing,et al.Sedimentary environ-ments and the stratigraphic base-level cycle division of Juras-sic coa1Measures in the east of Junggar basin[J].Acta Sedim-entogica Sinica,2006,24(3):377-386.[胡平,徐恒,李新兵,等.准噶尔盆地东部侏罗纪含煤岩系沉积环境及基准面旋回划分[J].沉积学报,2006,24(3):377-386.]
[19]Zhu Xiaomin,Zhang Yina,Yang Junsheng,et al.Sedimentarycharacteristics of the shallow Jurassic braided river delta,theJunggar basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2008,29(2):244-251.[朱筱敏,张义娜,杨俊生,等.准噶尔盆地侏罗系辫状河三角洲沉积特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2008,29(2):244-251.]
[20]Ren Bing,Liao Rongfeng,Chen Yong,et al.Coal mesures sed-imentary environment and sequence stratigraphy of BadaowanFormation in Dinan swell in Junngar basin[J].Xinjiang Petro-leum Geology,2010,31(3):245-247.[任兵,廖荣峰,陈勇,等.准噶尔盆地滴南凸起八道湾组煤系沉积环境及层序[J].新疆石油地质,2010,31(3):245-247.]
[2]Pu Renhai,Mei Zhichao,Tang Zhonghua.A preminary discus-sion of Jurrassic non-marine sequence stratigraphy,easternJunggar basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,1994,15(4):335-342.[蒲仁海,梅志超,唐忠华.准噶尔盆地东部侏罗系陆相层序地层学初探[J].新疆石油地质,1994,15(4):335-342.]
[3]Shi Xuanyu,Yu Chunhui,Reyihanguli,et al.Relationship be-tween Jurassic sedimentary system and its oil and gas inJunngar basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,1995,16(3):233-242.[史宣玉,喻春辉,热依汗古丽,等.准噶尔盆地侏罗系沉积体系与油气关系[J].新疆石油地质,1995,16(3):233-242.]
[4]Zhang Qin,Zhu Xiaomin,Zhang Manlang,et al.Sequence stra-tigraphic frame of Jurassic in east Fukang slope,Junggar basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2001,25(1):72-76.[张琴,朱筱敏,张满郎,等.准噶尔盆地阜东斜坡区侏罗系层序地层格架的建立[J].沉积学报,2001,25(1):72-76.]
[5]Zhu Xiaomin,Kang An,Zhang Qin,et al.Sequence stratigra-phy of Jurassic coal-bearing measure and subtle trap in thenortheast edge of Junggar basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2002,23(2):121-126.[朱筱敏,康安,张琴,等.准噶尔盆地东北缘侏罗系含煤岩系层序地层和隐蔽圈闭[J].石油与天然气地质,2002,23(2):121-126.]
[6]Wang Renchong,Xu Huaimin,Liu Loujun,et al.Sequencestratigraphy of Shuixigou Group at Denan uplift,Junggar ba-sin,NW China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2009,36(5):601-608.[王仁冲,徐怀民,刘楼军,等.准噶尔盆地滴南凸起水西沟群层序地层特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2009,36(5):601-608.]
[7]Bao Zhidong,Liu Ling,Zhang Dongling,et al.Depositionalsystem frameworks of the Jurassic in Junggar basin[J].ActaSedimentologica Sinica,2005,23(2):194-202.[鲍志东,刘凌,张冬玲,等.准噶尔盆地侏罗系沉积体系纲要[J].沉积学报,2005,23(2):194-202.]
[8]Tang Zhonghua,Huang Yun,Zhang Hualong.Sedimentary fa-cies and sequences of Jurassic in eastern Junggar basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,1997,18(4):330-337.[唐忠华,黄芸,张化龙.准噶尔盆地东部侏罗系沉积相及沉积层序[J].新疆石油地质,1997,18(4):330-337.]
[9]Shen Nan,Zhu Aiguo,Gao Xianzhi.Sedimentary characteris-tics of the lower Jurassic in Cainan area in Junggar basin[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2008,10(3):271-276.[沈楠,朱爱国,高先志.准噶尔盆地彩南地区下侏罗统沉积特征[J].古地理学报,2008,10(3):271-276.]
[10]Jin Zhenkui,Wang Zhaofeng,Gu Junfeng,et al.Paleocurrentand sands extending directions of Badaowan Formation in wellTai-13area in eastern Junggar basin[J].Xinjiang PetroleumGeology,2010,31(4):356-357.[金振奎,王兆峰,顾军锋,等.准噶尔盆地东部台13井区八道湾组水流及砂体延伸方向[J].新疆石油地质,2010,31(4):356-357.]
[11]Wang Jianxin.Identification of sedimentary microfacies in ret-rograding alluvial fan of Badaowan Formation in Dishuiquanoilfield in eastern Junggar basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geol-ogy,2011,32(5):489-491.[王建新.准东滴水泉油田八道湾组退积型冲积扇沉积微相识别[J].新疆石油地质,2011,32(5):489-491.]
[12]Jin Zhenkui,Su Kui,Zhang Yongsheng,et al.Depositionalcharacteristics and petroleum geological significance of wet-land[J].Journal of University of Petroleum:Natural ScienceEditon,2001,35(3):1-6.[金振奎,苏奎,张永生,等.湿地的沉积特征及石油地质意义[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2001,35(3):1-6.]
[13]Wu Zhixiong,Shi Ji'an,Zhang Yongshu,et al.Sedimentary fea-tures and facies of Paleogene braided river in Mabei area[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2012,23(5):849-855.[吴志雄,史基安,张永庶,等.柴达木盆地北缘马北地区古近系辫状河微相特征及沉积模式[J].天然气地球科学,2012,23(5):849-855.]
[14]Wang Jiao.Discovery of braided river delta in the lower mem-ber of Guantao Formation in Zhanhua sag and exploration sig-nificance[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2010,21(6):974-979.[王蛟.沾化凹陷馆陶组下段辫状河三角洲的发现及油气勘探意义[J].天然气地球科学,2010,21(6):974-979.]
[15]Zhang Manlang,Zhu Xiaomin,Zhang Qin.Jurassic sedimenta-ry system of east Junggar basin and its hydrocarbon signifi-cance[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2000,21(3):272-278.[张满郎,朱筱敏,张琴.准噶尔盆地东部侏罗系沉积体系及油气意义[J].石油与天然气地质,2000,21(3):272-278.]
[16]Wang Yingmin,Liu Hao,Li Licheng,et al.The explorationprospect of nonstructural traps of Jurassic in Junggar basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2002,27(6):683-688.[王英民,刘豪,李立诚,等.准噶尔大型坳陷湖盆坡折带的类型和分布特征[J].地球科学,2002,27(6):683-688.]
[17]He Zhiping,Shao Longyi,Kang Yongshang,et al.Analysis oncontrols of the coal accumulation in the Jurassic BadaowanFormation,Junggar basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2004,22(3):449-454.[何志平,邵龙义,康永尚,等.准噶尔盆地侏罗系八道湾组聚煤作用控制因素分析[J].沉积学报,2004,22(3):449-454.]
[18]Hu Ping,Xu Heng,Li Xinbing,et al.Sedimentary environ-ments and the stratigraphic base-level cycle division of Juras-sic coa1Measures in the east of Junggar basin[J].Acta Sedim-entogica Sinica,2006,24(3):377-386.[胡平,徐恒,李新兵,等.准噶尔盆地东部侏罗纪含煤岩系沉积环境及基准面旋回划分[J].沉积学报,2006,24(3):377-386.]
[19]Zhu Xiaomin,Zhang Yina,Yang Junsheng,et al.Sedimentarycharacteristics of the shallow Jurassic braided river delta,theJunggar basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2008,29(2):244-251.[朱筱敏,张义娜,杨俊生,等.准噶尔盆地侏罗系辫状河三角洲沉积特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2008,29(2):244-251.]
[20]Ren Bing,Liao Rongfeng,Chen Yong,et al.Coal mesures sed-imentary environment and sequence stratigraphy of BadaowanFormation in Dinan swell in Junngar basin[J].Xinjiang Petro-leum Geology,2010,31(3):245-247.[任兵,廖荣峰,陈勇,等.准噶尔盆地滴南凸起八道湾组煤系沉积环境及层序[J].新疆石油地质,2010,31(3):245-247.]
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