煤矿陷落柱的地震响应特征与识别
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摘要
根据煤矿陷落柱的地质特征,设计了两类非均匀陷落柱模型,通过有限差分法模拟陷落柱的地震波场.通过对模拟波场叠加剖面和偏移剖面的对比,得出了大、小陷落柱的地震响应特征,并指导了实际地震剖面的陷落柱识别.结果表明:大的陷落柱的地震响应在时间剖面上特征表现为标准反射波的中断;而较小的陷落柱的地震响应在时间剖面上特征表现为弱反射能量异常.
According to the geology features of collapse columns in coal mines,two types of inhomogeneous collapse columns are designed and finite difference method is used to model the seismic wavefields of collapse columns.Through the comparison of stacked and migrated modeling wavefields,the seismic response features of big and small collapse columns are derived to direct actual seismic identifications of collapse columns.It is concluded that in seismic time profile big collapse column shows obvious discontinuousness,while the small shows weak reflection energy abnormity.
According to the geology features of collapse columns in coal mines,two types of inhomogeneous collapse columns are designed and finite difference method is used to model the seismic wavefields of collapse columns.Through the comparison of stacked and migrated modeling wavefields,the seismic response features of big and small collapse columns are derived to direct actual seismic identifications of collapse columns.It is concluded that in seismic time profile big collapse column shows obvious discontinuousness,while the small shows weak reflection energy abnormity.
引文
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[14]李艳芳,程建远,熊晓军,等.陷落柱三维地震正演模拟及对比分析[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(3):456-460.Li Y F,Cheng J Y,Xiong X J,et al.3Dseismic forward modeling of collapse column and comparison[J].Journal of China Coal Society(in Chinese),2011,36(3):456-460.
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[18]李永军,彭苏萍.华北煤田岩溶陷落柱分类及其特征[J].煤田地质与勘探,2006,34(4):53-55.Li Y J,Peng S P.Classifications and characteristics of karst collapse columns in North China coalfields[J].Coal Geology&Exploration(in Chinese),2006,34(4):53-55.
[19]李之奋,董守华,李东会.陷落柱地震数值模拟响应特征分析[J].能源技术与管理,2007,(6):36-39.Li Z F,Dong S H,Li D H.Analysis for the characteristics in the numerical simulation of the seismic wave field of collapse column[J].Energy Technology and Management(in Chinese),2007,(6):36-39.
[20]麻三怀,杨长春,孙福利,等.克希霍夫叠前时间偏移技术在复杂构造带地震资料处理中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(3):754-760.Ma S H,Yang C C,Sun F L,et al.Application of Kirchhoff PSTM to seismic data of complex structure[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2008,23(3):754-760.
[21]张延玲,杨长春,贾曙光.地震属性技术的研究和应用[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4):1129-1133.Zhang Y L,Yang C C,Jia S C.The application of the seismic attributes[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2005,20(4):1129-1133.
[22]汤红伟.地震属性解释技术在探测陷落柱中的研究与应用[J].中国煤田地质,2012,24(1):49-52.Tang H W.Research and application of seismic attribute interpretation technology in subsided column prospecting[J].Coal Geology of China(in Chinese),2012,24(1):49-52.
[23]林建东,王磊.煤田三维地震资料解释中的方差体技术[J].中国煤田地质,2000,12(4):57-59.Lin J D,Wang L.The variance body techniques in3-d seismic informational interpretation of coalfield[J].Coal Geology of China(in Chinese),2000,12(4):57-59.
[24]袁野,刘洋.地震属性优化与预测新进展[J].勘探地球物理进展,2010,33(3):229-238.Yuan Y,Liu Y.New progress in seismic attribute optimizing and predicting[J].Progress in Exploration Geophysics(in Chinese),2010,33(3):229-238.
[25]杨双安,张胤彬,许鸿雁.煤田三维地震勘探技术的应用及发展前景[J].物探与化探,2004,28(6):500-503.Yang S A,Zhang Y B,Xu H Y.The application and development trend of the three-dimensional seismic exploration technology in the coalfield[J].Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration(in Chinese),2004,28(6):500-503.
[26]吴钦宝,王秀东,宁方助.煤田三维地震勘探的应用及效果分析[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(2):377-380.Wu Q B,Wang X D,Ning F Z.Application and analysis of3D seismic exploration in coal mine[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2005,20(2):377-380.
[2]李振华,徐高明,李见波.我国陷落柱突水问题的研究现状与展望[J].中国矿业,2009,18(4):107-109.Li Z H,Xu G M,Li J B.Research status and outlook ofwater-inrush from collapse column in China[J].China MiningMagazine(in Chinese),2009,18(4):107-109.
[3]尹尚先,武强,王尚旭.华北岩溶陷落柱突水的水文地质及力学基础[J].煤炭学报,2004,29(2):182-185.Yin S X,Wu Q,Wang S X.Hydrogeological and mechanicalbasics of water inrush from karstic collapse columns inNorthern China[J].Journal of China Coal Society(inChinese),2004,29(2):182-185.
[4]许进鹏,梁开武,徐新启.陷落柱形成的力学机理及数值模拟研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2008,25(1):82-85.Xu J P,Liang K W,Xu X Q.Mechanics mechanism of forming karst collapse columns and numerical simulation[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering(in Chinese),2008,25(1):82-85.
[5]郭达志,盛业华,金学林,等.岩溶陷落柱综合探测的基本原理与方法[J].煤炭学报,1994,19(6):626-633.Guo D Z,Sheng Y H,Jin X L,et al.Basic principles and methods for survey of karst pillars[J].Journal of China Coal Society(in Chinese),1994,19(6):626-633.
[6]杨德义,王赟,王辉.陷落柱的绕射波[J].石油物探,2000,39(4):82-86.Yang D Y,Wang Y,Wang H.Diffraction waves from fallen pillars[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum(in Chinese),2000,39(4):82-86.
[7]吴守华,周国兴,杨素霞,等.陷落柱地震响应特征分析[J].煤田地质与勘探,2004,32(3):52-54.Wu S H,Zhou G X,Yang S X,et al.Analysis for the seismic response characteristics of collapse column[J].Coal Geology and Exploration(in Chinese),2004,32(3):52-54.
[8]倪峥嵘,周国兴.陷落柱地震响应的物理模型研究[J].能源技术与管理,2010,(5):15-16.Ni Z R,Zhou G X.The physical model research on seismic response of collapse column[J].Energy Technology and Management(in Chinese),2010,(5):15-16.
[9]周国兴,杨文钦,杨文强.小陷落柱异常波提取及其特征的模型研究[J].煤田地质与勘探,2006,34(5):63-64.Zhou G X,Yang W Q,Yang W Q.Modeling research on characteristics and extraction method of abnormal seismic waves on small scale karst collapse column[J].Coal Geology&Exploration(in Chinese),2006,34(5):63-64.
[10]宁建宏,张广忠.陷落柱的地震识别技术及其应用[J].煤田地质与勘探,2005,33(3):64-67.Ning J H,Zhang G Z.Seismic identification technique and its application of collapse column[J].Coal Geology and Exploration(in Chinese),2005,33(3):64-67.
[11]陈同俊,崔若飞,郎玉泉,等.煤田采区三维地震精细构造解释方法[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(2):573-578.Chen T J,Cui R F,Lang Y Q,et al.Detail structural interpretation methods of coal3-D seismic[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(2):573-578.
[12]师素珍,方惠明,郝海波,等.煤矿岩溶陷落柱的地震资料解释[J].中国煤田地质,2009,21(6):59-61.Shi S Z,Fang H M,Hao H B,et al.Seismic interpretation of subsided column in coalmines[J].Coal Geology of China(in Chinese),2009,21(6):59-61.
[13]杨德义,彭苏萍,常锁亮,等.特殊剖面在陷落柱研究中的应用[J].煤田地质与勘探,2002,30(6):47-49.Yang D Y,Peng S P,Chang S L,et al.The application of special seismic section in the subsiding column searching[J].Coal Geology&Exploration(in Chinese),2002,30(6):47-49.
[14]李艳芳,程建远,熊晓军,等.陷落柱三维地震正演模拟及对比分析[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(3):456-460.Li Y F,Cheng J Y,Xiong X J,et al.3Dseismic forward modeling of collapse column and comparison[J].Journal of China Coal Society(in Chinese),2011,36(3):456-460.
[15]肖开宇,胡祥云.正演模拟技术在地震解释中的应用[J].工程地球物理学报,2009,6(4):459-464.Xiao K Y,Hu X Y.Forward seismic modeling technology in the application of interpretation[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics(in Chinese),2009,6(4):459-464.
[16]朱海龙,李智宏,赵群.井间地震物理模拟研究[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(6):1833-1839.Zhu H L,Li Z H,Zhao Q.Study of crosswell seismic physical modeling[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2008,23(6):1833-1839.
[17]尹尚先,武强,王尚旭.华北煤矿区岩溶陷落柱特征及成因探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(1):120-123.Yin S X,Wu Q,Wang S X.Studies on characters and forming mechanism of karstic collapse columns at mine area of North China[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering(in Chinese),2004,23(1):120-123.
[18]李永军,彭苏萍.华北煤田岩溶陷落柱分类及其特征[J].煤田地质与勘探,2006,34(4):53-55.Li Y J,Peng S P.Classifications and characteristics of karst collapse columns in North China coalfields[J].Coal Geology&Exploration(in Chinese),2006,34(4):53-55.
[19]李之奋,董守华,李东会.陷落柱地震数值模拟响应特征分析[J].能源技术与管理,2007,(6):36-39.Li Z F,Dong S H,Li D H.Analysis for the characteristics in the numerical simulation of the seismic wave field of collapse column[J].Energy Technology and Management(in Chinese),2007,(6):36-39.
[20]麻三怀,杨长春,孙福利,等.克希霍夫叠前时间偏移技术在复杂构造带地震资料处理中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(3):754-760.Ma S H,Yang C C,Sun F L,et al.Application of Kirchhoff PSTM to seismic data of complex structure[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2008,23(3):754-760.
[21]张延玲,杨长春,贾曙光.地震属性技术的研究和应用[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4):1129-1133.Zhang Y L,Yang C C,Jia S C.The application of the seismic attributes[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2005,20(4):1129-1133.
[22]汤红伟.地震属性解释技术在探测陷落柱中的研究与应用[J].中国煤田地质,2012,24(1):49-52.Tang H W.Research and application of seismic attribute interpretation technology in subsided column prospecting[J].Coal Geology of China(in Chinese),2012,24(1):49-52.
[23]林建东,王磊.煤田三维地震资料解释中的方差体技术[J].中国煤田地质,2000,12(4):57-59.Lin J D,Wang L.The variance body techniques in3-d seismic informational interpretation of coalfield[J].Coal Geology of China(in Chinese),2000,12(4):57-59.
[24]袁野,刘洋.地震属性优化与预测新进展[J].勘探地球物理进展,2010,33(3):229-238.Yuan Y,Liu Y.New progress in seismic attribute optimizing and predicting[J].Progress in Exploration Geophysics(in Chinese),2010,33(3):229-238.
[25]杨双安,张胤彬,许鸿雁.煤田三维地震勘探技术的应用及发展前景[J].物探与化探,2004,28(6):500-503.Yang S A,Zhang Y B,Xu H Y.The application and development trend of the three-dimensional seismic exploration technology in the coalfield[J].Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration(in Chinese),2004,28(6):500-503.
[26]吴钦宝,王秀东,宁方助.煤田三维地震勘探的应用及效果分析[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(2):377-380.Wu Q B,Wang X D,Ning F Z.Application and analysis of3D seismic exploration in coal mine[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2005,20(2):377-380.
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