一种针对目的层均匀成像的自动加密炮点方法(英文)
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摘要
地震成像质量是储层预测的关键,提高成像质量的方法很多,有些依靠先进的处理手段,有些通过改变野外采集方式,而在采集中的很多方法是依靠炮点数目的增加,同时又不考虑目的层能量均匀性,是近似盲目的加炮方式,这增加了采集成本。本文提出一种全新的方法,该方法通过加密炮点方式,从而确保目的层阴影区的能量最大程度提高,为了验证方法的有效性,设计了一个二维和三维模型,利用正演、加炮和深度偏移等手段获取深度偏移剖面,模型结果表明,该方法优于以往整体加密的方法,选择的是最合适和最经济的炮点数进行加密,不但经济高效,而且大大地提高了目的层成像质量。
Seismic imaging quality is critical to describing reservoirs.There are many methods that can improve imaging quality;some rely on advanced processing means,whereas others rely on changing the field acquisition methods.However,most of the acquisition methods focus on improving imaging by using infill shots without considering the target-layer illumination energy.Moreover,total infill shooting greatly increases the acquisition cost.In this paper,we present a new method for maximizing the contribution to the target shadow area illumination by automatic local infill shooting.Thus,we designed 2D and 3D models and obtained the depth migration section by forward modeling,infill shots,depth migration,etc.The model results also show that by choosing the most appropriate number of shot points,we can enhance the shadow area energy and improve the target-layer imaging quality at low cost.
Seismic imaging quality is critical to describing reservoirs.There are many methods that can improve imaging quality;some rely on advanced processing means,whereas others rely on changing the field acquisition methods.However,most of the acquisition methods focus on improving imaging by using infill shots without considering the target-layer illumination energy.Moreover,total infill shooting greatly increases the acquisition cost.In this paper,we present a new method for maximizing the contribution to the target shadow area illumination by automatic local infill shooting.Thus,we designed 2D and 3D models and obtained the depth migration section by forward modeling,infill shots,depth migration,etc.The model results also show that by choosing the most appropriate number of shot points,we can enhance the shadow area energy and improve the target-layer imaging quality at low cost.
引文
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Ma,X.N.,Bin,W.,Cristina,R.T.,Wilfred,W.,and Li,Z.M.,2011,Enhanced prestack depth imaging of wideazimuth data from the Gulf of Mexico: A case history:Geophysics,76,79-86.
Nick,M.,Jerry,K.,and Mark,E.,2008,Full-azimuthimaging using circular geometry acquisition: TheLeading Edge,27,908-913.
Qin,G.S.,Cai,Q.X.,Wang,G.H.,et al,2010,3D seismicgeometry design based on pre-stack imaging,Progress inGeophysics (in Chinese),25(1),238-248.
Wu,B.Y.,Wu,R.S.,and Gao,J.H.,2012,Time-spacelocalized seismic wave propagation: Dreamlet prestackdepth migration.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),55(9),3105-3114.
Yue,Y.B.,Li,Z.C.,Qian,Z.P.,et al.,2012,Amplitudepreserved Gaussian beam migration under complextopographic conditions: Chinese,J.Geophys.,(inChinese),1376-1383.
Zhu,J.P.,Dong,L.G.,and Cheng,J.B.,2011,Targetoriented 3D seismic optimal geometry design based onseismic illumination: Oil Geophysical Prospecting (inChinese),46(3),339-348.
Deng,Z.W.,2002,Study of seismic layout in areas withsteep nappe structures: Geophysical Prospecting ForPetroleum (in Chinese),41(2),127-131.
Dong,L.G.,Wu,X.F.,and Tang,H.Z.,2006,Seismicwave illumination for overthrust nappe structures andoptimal seismic survey design: Geophysical ProspectingFor Petroleum (in Chinese),45(1),40-47.
Gerard,B.,and Allan,A.R.,2007,Field design andoperation of a novel deepwater,wide-azimuth nodeseismic survey: The Leading Edge,26,494-503.
Hu,C.S.,and Paul,L.S.,2009,Slowness-driven Gaussianbeam prestack depth migration for low-fold seismic data:Geophysics,74,35-45.
Liu,D.J.,Yang,R.J.,and Luo,S.Y.,2012.,The methodof preserved-amplitude seismic migration imaging withstable generalized high order screen: Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),55(7),2402-2411.
Ma,X.N.,Bin,W.,Cristina,R.T.,Wilfred,W.,and Li,Z.M.,2011,Enhanced prestack depth imaging of wideazimuth data from the Gulf of Mexico: A case history:Geophysics,76,79-86.
Nick,M.,Jerry,K.,and Mark,E.,2008,Full-azimuthimaging using circular geometry acquisition: TheLeading Edge,27,908-913.
Qin,G.S.,Cai,Q.X.,Wang,G.H.,et al,2010,3D seismicgeometry design based on pre-stack imaging,Progress inGeophysics (in Chinese),25(1),238-248.
Wu,B.Y.,Wu,R.S.,and Gao,J.H.,2012,Time-spacelocalized seismic wave propagation: Dreamlet prestackdepth migration.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),55(9),3105-3114.
Yue,Y.B.,Li,Z.C.,Qian,Z.P.,et al.,2012,Amplitudepreserved Gaussian beam migration under complextopographic conditions: Chinese,J.Geophys.,(inChinese),1376-1383.
Zhu,J.P.,Dong,L.G.,and Cheng,J.B.,2011,Targetoriented 3D seismic optimal geometry design based onseismic illumination: Oil Geophysical Prospecting (inChinese),46(3),339-348.
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