基于复数域非线性各向异性扩散滤波的裂缝检测方法
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摘要
针对P-M模型易产生集块效应,边缘保持效果不理想,无法滤除边缘噪声,且P-M方程是病态的等缺点,本文提出了基于复数域非线性各向异性扩散滤波的储层裂缝检测方法。该方法通过将传统各向异性扩散方程拓展到复数域,将复数域扩散项加入Shock滤波器,克服了扩散滤波边缘保持能力差和Shock滤波器对噪声敏感的缺点,在压制噪声的同时保持了地震资料同相轴的边缘信息,从而增强了地震同相轴的横向连续性,使断点更加清晰。理论和实际资料试算结果表明,本文提出的基于复数域非线性各向异性扩散滤波方法具有较强的噪声压制能力,能够精确检测储层裂缝发育带分布特征。
Due to the blocking effect of P-M diffusion,the edges are not properly preserved,noises at the edges are not well removed,and the diffusion equation ill-posedness exists.This paper introduces a new nonlinear complex anisotropic diffusion filtering(NCADF) for reservoir fractural detection.The method generalizes the anisotropic diffusion in the complex domain,and develops nonlinear complex processes by adding a complex diffusion term to the Shock equation.The method overcomes disadvantages of conventional diffusion and Shock filter.Achieved edge preserving and denoising,this method improves the seismic event continuity and lateral resolution,and obtains better accuracy of fracture detection.The theoretical calculations and practical applications indicate that the NCADF-based reservoir fractural detection method shows its strong noise-suppressed and accurate fractural distribution detection capability.
Due to the blocking effect of P-M diffusion,the edges are not properly preserved,noises at the edges are not well removed,and the diffusion equation ill-posedness exists.This paper introduces a new nonlinear complex anisotropic diffusion filtering(NCADF) for reservoir fractural detection.The method generalizes the anisotropic diffusion in the complex domain,and develops nonlinear complex processes by adding a complex diffusion term to the Shock equation.The method overcomes disadvantages of conventional diffusion and Shock filter.Achieved edge preserving and denoising,this method improves the seismic event continuity and lateral resolution,and obtains better accuracy of fracture detection.The theoretical calculations and practical applications indicate that the NCADF-based reservoir fractural detection method shows its strong noise-suppressed and accurate fractural distribution detection capability.
引文
[1]贺振华,黄德济,文晓涛.裂缝油气藏地球物理预测.四川成都:四川科学技术出版社,2007:1～5
[2]熊晓军,贺振华,赵明金等.一种基于GHT的裂缝检测新方法.石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(4):442～444Xiong Xiaojun,He Zhenhua,Zhao Mingjin et al.Anew GHT based fractural detection method.OGP,2009,44(4):442～444
[3]Perona P,Malik J.Scale-space and edge detectionusing anisotropic diffusion.IEEE Transactions onPattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence,1990,12(7):629～638
[4]Cottet G H,Germ L.Image processing through reac-tion combined nonlinear diffusion.Mathematic ofComputation,1993,11(61):659～673
[5]Weickert J.Coherence-enhancing diffusion filtering.International Journal of Computer Vision,1999,31(2):111～127
[6]Osher S J,Rudin L I.Feature-oriented image en-hancement using shock filter.SIAM Journal on Nu-merical Analysis,1990,27(4):919～940
[7]Gilboa Guy,Nir A Sochen et al.Regularized shockfilters and complex diffusion.Lecture Notes in Com-puter Science,2002,2350:399～413
[8]孙夕平,杜世通,汤磊.相干增强各向异性扩散滤波技术.石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(6):651～655,665Sun Xiping,Du Shitong and Tang Lei.Coherent-en-hancing anisotropic diffusion filtering technique.OGP,2004,39(6):651～655,665
[9]王绪松,杨长春.对地震图像进行保边滤波的非线性各向异性扩散算法.地球物理学进展,2006,21(2):452～457Wang Xusong,Yang Changchun.An edge-preservingsmoothing algorithm of seismic image using nonlinearanisotropic diffusion equation.Progress in Geophys-ics,2006,21(2):452～457
[10]唐磊,赵春霞,王鸿男等.路面图像增强的多偏微分方程融合法.中国图像图形学报,2008,13(9):1661～1666Tang Lei,Zhao Chunxia,Wang Hongnan et al.Fu-sion of multiple basic PDE models for enhancing roadsurface images.Journal of Image and Graphics,2008,13(9):1661～1666
[11]尹奎英,胡利平,刘宏伟等.一种复合的SAR图像去噪算法.西安电子科技大学学报(自然科学版),2010,37(2):224～230Yin Kuiying,Hu Liping,Liu Hongwei et al.Com-posite enhancing and denoising algorithm for SAR im-ages based on scale space correlation.Journal ofXidian University,2010,37(2):224～230
[12]蔡涵鹏,贺振华,唐湘蓉等.岩性体边界与断裂异常信息识别研究及应用.断块油气田,2010,17(3):285～288Cai Hanpeng,He Zhenhua,Tang Xiangrong et al.Study and application of identification of abnormal in-formation between lithologic body boundaries andfractures.Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2010,17(3):285～288
[13]王绪松,钱雪峰,李波涛.第一菲涅尔带半径与地震资料的横向分辨力.勘探地球物理进展,2006,29(4):244～248Wang Xusong,Qian Xuefeng and Li Botao.The firstFresnel zone radius and lateral resolving power ofseismic data.Progress in Exploration Geophysics,2006,29(4):244～248
[2]熊晓军,贺振华,赵明金等.一种基于GHT的裂缝检测新方法.石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(4):442～444Xiong Xiaojun,He Zhenhua,Zhao Mingjin et al.Anew GHT based fractural detection method.OGP,2009,44(4):442～444
[3]Perona P,Malik J.Scale-space and edge detectionusing anisotropic diffusion.IEEE Transactions onPattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence,1990,12(7):629～638
[4]Cottet G H,Germ L.Image processing through reac-tion combined nonlinear diffusion.Mathematic ofComputation,1993,11(61):659～673
[5]Weickert J.Coherence-enhancing diffusion filtering.International Journal of Computer Vision,1999,31(2):111～127
[6]Osher S J,Rudin L I.Feature-oriented image en-hancement using shock filter.SIAM Journal on Nu-merical Analysis,1990,27(4):919～940
[7]Gilboa Guy,Nir A Sochen et al.Regularized shockfilters and complex diffusion.Lecture Notes in Com-puter Science,2002,2350:399～413
[8]孙夕平,杜世通,汤磊.相干增强各向异性扩散滤波技术.石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(6):651～655,665Sun Xiping,Du Shitong and Tang Lei.Coherent-en-hancing anisotropic diffusion filtering technique.OGP,2004,39(6):651～655,665
[9]王绪松,杨长春.对地震图像进行保边滤波的非线性各向异性扩散算法.地球物理学进展,2006,21(2):452～457Wang Xusong,Yang Changchun.An edge-preservingsmoothing algorithm of seismic image using nonlinearanisotropic diffusion equation.Progress in Geophys-ics,2006,21(2):452～457
[10]唐磊,赵春霞,王鸿男等.路面图像增强的多偏微分方程融合法.中国图像图形学报,2008,13(9):1661～1666Tang Lei,Zhao Chunxia,Wang Hongnan et al.Fu-sion of multiple basic PDE models for enhancing roadsurface images.Journal of Image and Graphics,2008,13(9):1661～1666
[11]尹奎英,胡利平,刘宏伟等.一种复合的SAR图像去噪算法.西安电子科技大学学报(自然科学版),2010,37(2):224～230Yin Kuiying,Hu Liping,Liu Hongwei et al.Com-posite enhancing and denoising algorithm for SAR im-ages based on scale space correlation.Journal ofXidian University,2010,37(2):224～230
[12]蔡涵鹏,贺振华,唐湘蓉等.岩性体边界与断裂异常信息识别研究及应用.断块油气田,2010,17(3):285～288Cai Hanpeng,He Zhenhua,Tang Xiangrong et al.Study and application of identification of abnormal in-formation between lithologic body boundaries andfractures.Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2010,17(3):285～288
[13]王绪松,钱雪峰,李波涛.第一菲涅尔带半径与地震资料的横向分辨力.勘探地球物理进展,2006,29(4):244～248Wang Xusong,Qian Xuefeng and Li Botao.The firstFresnel zone radius and lateral resolving power ofseismic data.Progress in Exploration Geophysics,2006,29(4):244～248
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