蒙古国塔南凹陷南屯组深凹槽远岸重力流沉积特征
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摘要
蒙古国塔南凹陷南屯组中发育大量远岸水下扇沉积,综合岩石学特征、重矿物组合及地震资料分析,确定其为盆地陡坡物源供给形成,属于罕见的陡坡远岸水下扇.在总结陡坡远岸水下扇地震、测井及岩心特征的基础上,将其划分为供给水道、内扇、中扇、外扇4种亚相及若干微相,不同相带特征差异显著.陡坡远岸水下扇主要沿中央断层呈串珠状展布,并在低水位体系域、水进体系域及水退体系域中均有发育,其形成和演化受物源供给、古地形及构造运动3方面因素共同控制.其储集物性整体较差,但在周围高压暗色泥岩的配合下,往往可以形成大量岩性油气藏和构造—岩性复合油气藏,受非连续沉积及层内非均质性影响,陡坡远岸水下扇油藏通常具有含油层数多、单一油层厚度薄、不同油层之间含油性差异大的特点.
The strata of Nantun Formation in Ta'nan sag of Mongolia developed a great number of offshore subaqueous fan deposits,which has been determined to have been formed by the supplying source of steep slope of the basin according to the synthetically analysis of the petrologic characteristics,the heavy mineral assemblages and the seismic data,and it is also found out that this subaqueous fan is a kind of infrequent steep-slope offshore subaqueous fan.On the basis of the summary of the seismic,logging and core features,the offshore subaqueous fan can be divided into four kinds of sub-facies(supply channel,inner fan,middle-fan,and outer fan respectively)and several micro facies,and there are significantly different characteristics between different facies belts.The steep-slope offshore subaqueous fan spread along the central fault in the form of string beadings and developed in low stand system tract,transgressive system tract and regressive system.The formation and evolution of the steep-slope offshore subaqueous fan were commonly controlled by three factors,namely,sediment supply,ancient landform and tectonic movement.Despite its poor reservoir properties,amounts of lithologic reservoirs and tectonic-lithologic combined reservoirs often formed in the system owing to the surrounding high pressure dark mudstone.It was influenced by the incontinuous deposition as well as the inner heterogeneity of layers.The reservoirs of the steep offshore subaqueous fan usually are featured with more oil layers,thin single oil layers and different oiliness levels in different layers.
The strata of Nantun Formation in Ta'nan sag of Mongolia developed a great number of offshore subaqueous fan deposits,which has been determined to have been formed by the supplying source of steep slope of the basin according to the synthetically analysis of the petrologic characteristics,the heavy mineral assemblages and the seismic data,and it is also found out that this subaqueous fan is a kind of infrequent steep-slope offshore subaqueous fan.On the basis of the summary of the seismic,logging and core features,the offshore subaqueous fan can be divided into four kinds of sub-facies(supply channel,inner fan,middle-fan,and outer fan respectively)and several micro facies,and there are significantly different characteristics between different facies belts.The steep-slope offshore subaqueous fan spread along the central fault in the form of string beadings and developed in low stand system tract,transgressive system tract and regressive system.The formation and evolution of the steep-slope offshore subaqueous fan were commonly controlled by three factors,namely,sediment supply,ancient landform and tectonic movement.Despite its poor reservoir properties,amounts of lithologic reservoirs and tectonic-lithologic combined reservoirs often formed in the system owing to the surrounding high pressure dark mudstone.It was influenced by the incontinuous deposition as well as the inner heterogeneity of layers.The reservoirs of the steep offshore subaqueous fan usually are featured with more oil layers,thin single oil layers and different oiliness levels in different layers.
引文
Fang,A.M.,Li,J.L.,Hou,Q.L.,1998.Sedimentation ofturbidity currents and relative gravity flows:a review.Geological Review,44(3):270-280(in Chinese withEnglish abstract).
Fedele,J.J.,Garcia,M.H.,2009.Laboratory experiments onthe formation of subaqueous depositional gullies by tur-bidity currents.Marine Geology,258(1-4):48-59.doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2008.11.004
Gao,Y.X.,Wu,C.Y.,Pang,Z.F.,et al.,1985.The sedimenta-ry characteristics of the lacustrine fans in the Dalinghe oilbed of Liaohe basin.Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,3(4):83-93(in Chinese with English abstract).
Jackson,C.A.L.,Johnson,H.D.,2009.Sustained turbiditycurrents and their interaction with debrite-related topography;Labuan Island,offshore NW Borneo,Malaysia.Sedimentary Geology,219(1-4):77-96.doi:101016/j.sedgeo.2009.04.008
Jia,C.Z.,Zhao,W.Z.,Zou,C.N.,et al.,2004.Two keytechnologies about exploration of stratigraphic/litholog-ical reservoirs.Petroleum Exploration and Develop-ment,31(3):3-9(in Chinese with English abstract).
Jiang,S.,Wang,H.,Weimer,P.,2008.Sequence stratigra-phy characteristics and sedimentary elements in deep-water.Earth Science—Journal of China University ofGeoscience,33(6):825-833(in Chinese with Englishabstract).
Liu,Z.J.,2003.Lacus subaqueous fan sedimentary charac-teristics and influence factors:a case study of Shuangy-ang Formation in Moliqing fault subsidence of Yitongbasin.Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,21(1):148-154(in Chinese with English abstract).
Li,H.S.,Wu,Y.T.,Lv,Y.J.,et al.,2003.Developmentand distribution rule of far bank turbidite fan in Es_3ofNiuzhuang area.Oil &Gas Recovery Technology,10(2):11-13(in Chinese).
Li,L.,Wang,Y.M.,Zhang,L.M.,et al.,2008.Sedimentary patterns and structural control across Toe Thrust belts,Niger Delta.Earth Science—Journal of China Univer-sity of Geosciences,33(5):643-650(in Chinese with English abstract).
Liu,C.L.,Zhu,X.M.,Hu,Y.S.,et al.,2011.Applicationof seismic sedimentology on lacustrine turbidite deposi-tion identification.Journal of Jilin University(EarthScience Edition),41(3):657-664(in Chinese withEnglish abstract).
Meng,Q.A.,Ji,Y.L.,2009.Controlling of paleo geomor-phology to distribution of sedimentary system in theCretaceous of Tanan depression.Acta Petrolei Sinica,30(6):843-855(in Chinese with English abstract).
Miao,C.S.,Liu,Z.J.,Fang,S.,et al.,2011.Sedimentarycharacteristics and favorable oil-bearing facies beltsanalysis of near-shore subaqueous fan of Nantun For-mation in Tanan depression.Journal of China Univer-sity of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),35(1):34-39(in Chinese with English abstract).
Shanmugam,G.,2000.50years of the turbidite paradigm(1950s-1990s):deep-water processes and facies mod-els—a critical perspective.Marine and Petroleum Geol-ogy,17(2):285-342.doi:10.1016/S0264-8172(99)00011-2
Sui,F.G.,Luo,J.Q.,Hao,X.F.,et al.,2003.The sequenceof far-shore turbidite fan systems on gentle slope and itspetroleum-bearing feature in central depression belt ofDongying.Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology,23(3):76-81(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang,Y.G.,2002.Seismic reservoir inversion algorithm andthe key problems and policies in its application.Geo-physical Prospecting for Petroleum,41(3):299-303(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang,X.D.,Jia,C.Z.,Meng,Q.A.,et al.,2011.Main con-trolling factors of the formation and distribution of Na-ntun Formation lithologic reservoirs in the abrupt slopezone,Tanan sag.Acta Petrolei Sinica,32(4):564-572(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wei,D.X.,Tian,J.C.,Ni,X.F.,2006.Sedimentary charac-teristics of lacustrine turbidite sand body and its signifi-cance on petroleum exploration.Petroleum Geology andRecovery Efficiency,13(5):15-21(in Chinese).
Wu,C.Y.,Liu,B.J.,Wang,D.F.,et al.,1981.Patterns ofsedimentary facies of clastics in china.Acta PetroleiSinica,2(4):1-10(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wu,C.Y.,1986.Sandbodies in lake basin.Acta Sedimento-logica Sinica,4(4):1-24(in Chinese with English ab-stract).
Wu,C.R.,Du,C.Y.,2001.The distal turbidite fan of ShahejieFormation,Lower Paleogene in west depression,Liaohe ba-sin.Journal of Chengdu University of Technology,28(3):267-272(in Chinese with English abstract).
方爱民,李继亮,侯泉林,1998.浊流及相关重力流沉积研究综述.地质论评,44(3):270-280.
高延新,吴崇筠,庞增福,等,1985.辽河盆地大凌河油层湖底扇沉积特征.沉积学报,3(4):83-93.
贾承造,赵文智,邹才能,等,2004.岩性地层油气藏勘探研究的两项核心技术.石油勘探与开发,31(3):3-9.
蒋恕,王华,Weimer,P.,2008.深水沉积层序特点及构成要素.地球科学——中国地质大学学报,33(6):825-833.
刘招君,2003.湖泊水下扇沉积特征及影响因素——以伊通盆地莫里青断陷双阳组为例.沉积学报,21(1):148-154.
李虎山,吴云桐,吕义军,等,2003.牛庄地区沙三段远岸浊积扇发育与分布规律.油气地质与采收率,10(2):11-13.
李磊,王英民,张莲美,等,2008.尼日尔三角洲坡脚逆冲带沉积样式及构造控制.地球科学——中国地质大学学报,33(5):643-650.
刘长利,朱筱敏,胡有山,等,2011.地震沉积学在识别陆相湖泊浊积砂体中的应用.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),41(3):657-664.
蒙启安,纪友亮,2009.塔南凹陷白垩纪古地貌对沉积体系分布的控制作用.石油学报,30(6):843-855.
苗长盛,刘招君,方石,等,2011.塔南凹陷南屯组近岸水下扇沉积特征及有利含油相带分析.中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),35(1):34-39.
隋风贵,罗佳强,郝雪峰,等,2003.东营中央洼陷带缓坡远岸浊积扇体系序列及其含油气性.矿物岩石,23(3):76-81.
王延光,2002.储层地震反演方法以及应用中的关键问题和对策.石油物探,41(3):299-303.
王显东,贾承造,蒙启安,等,2011.塔南断陷陡坡带南屯组岩性油藏形成与分布的主控因素.石油学报,32(4):564-572.
韦东晓,田景春,倪新锋,2006.湖相浊积砂体沉积特征及油气勘探意义.油气地质与采收率,13(5):15-21.
吴崇筠,刘宝珺,王德发,等,1981.碎屑岩沉积相模式.石油学报,2(4):1-10.
吴崇筠,1986.湖盆砂体类型.沉积学报,4(4):1-24.
吴朝容,杜春彦,2001.辽河油田西部凹陷沙河街组远岸浊积扇.成都理工学院学报,28(3):267-272.
Fedele,J.J.,Garcia,M.H.,2009.Laboratory experiments onthe formation of subaqueous depositional gullies by tur-bidity currents.Marine Geology,258(1-4):48-59.doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2008.11.004
Gao,Y.X.,Wu,C.Y.,Pang,Z.F.,et al.,1985.The sedimenta-ry characteristics of the lacustrine fans in the Dalinghe oilbed of Liaohe basin.Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,3(4):83-93(in Chinese with English abstract).
Jackson,C.A.L.,Johnson,H.D.,2009.Sustained turbiditycurrents and their interaction with debrite-related topography;Labuan Island,offshore NW Borneo,Malaysia.Sedimentary Geology,219(1-4):77-96.doi:101016/j.sedgeo.2009.04.008
Jia,C.Z.,Zhao,W.Z.,Zou,C.N.,et al.,2004.Two keytechnologies about exploration of stratigraphic/litholog-ical reservoirs.Petroleum Exploration and Develop-ment,31(3):3-9(in Chinese with English abstract).
Jiang,S.,Wang,H.,Weimer,P.,2008.Sequence stratigra-phy characteristics and sedimentary elements in deep-water.Earth Science—Journal of China University ofGeoscience,33(6):825-833(in Chinese with Englishabstract).
Liu,Z.J.,2003.Lacus subaqueous fan sedimentary charac-teristics and influence factors:a case study of Shuangy-ang Formation in Moliqing fault subsidence of Yitongbasin.Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,21(1):148-154(in Chinese with English abstract).
Li,H.S.,Wu,Y.T.,Lv,Y.J.,et al.,2003.Developmentand distribution rule of far bank turbidite fan in Es_3ofNiuzhuang area.Oil &Gas Recovery Technology,10(2):11-13(in Chinese).
Li,L.,Wang,Y.M.,Zhang,L.M.,et al.,2008.Sedimentary patterns and structural control across Toe Thrust belts,Niger Delta.Earth Science—Journal of China Univer-sity of Geosciences,33(5):643-650(in Chinese with English abstract).
Liu,C.L.,Zhu,X.M.,Hu,Y.S.,et al.,2011.Applicationof seismic sedimentology on lacustrine turbidite deposi-tion identification.Journal of Jilin University(EarthScience Edition),41(3):657-664(in Chinese withEnglish abstract).
Meng,Q.A.,Ji,Y.L.,2009.Controlling of paleo geomor-phology to distribution of sedimentary system in theCretaceous of Tanan depression.Acta Petrolei Sinica,30(6):843-855(in Chinese with English abstract).
Miao,C.S.,Liu,Z.J.,Fang,S.,et al.,2011.Sedimentarycharacteristics and favorable oil-bearing facies beltsanalysis of near-shore subaqueous fan of Nantun For-mation in Tanan depression.Journal of China Univer-sity of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),35(1):34-39(in Chinese with English abstract).
Shanmugam,G.,2000.50years of the turbidite paradigm(1950s-1990s):deep-water processes and facies mod-els—a critical perspective.Marine and Petroleum Geol-ogy,17(2):285-342.doi:10.1016/S0264-8172(99)00011-2
Sui,F.G.,Luo,J.Q.,Hao,X.F.,et al.,2003.The sequenceof far-shore turbidite fan systems on gentle slope and itspetroleum-bearing feature in central depression belt ofDongying.Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology,23(3):76-81(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang,Y.G.,2002.Seismic reservoir inversion algorithm andthe key problems and policies in its application.Geo-physical Prospecting for Petroleum,41(3):299-303(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang,X.D.,Jia,C.Z.,Meng,Q.A.,et al.,2011.Main con-trolling factors of the formation and distribution of Na-ntun Formation lithologic reservoirs in the abrupt slopezone,Tanan sag.Acta Petrolei Sinica,32(4):564-572(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wei,D.X.,Tian,J.C.,Ni,X.F.,2006.Sedimentary charac-teristics of lacustrine turbidite sand body and its signifi-cance on petroleum exploration.Petroleum Geology andRecovery Efficiency,13(5):15-21(in Chinese).
Wu,C.Y.,Liu,B.J.,Wang,D.F.,et al.,1981.Patterns ofsedimentary facies of clastics in china.Acta PetroleiSinica,2(4):1-10(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wu,C.Y.,1986.Sandbodies in lake basin.Acta Sedimento-logica Sinica,4(4):1-24(in Chinese with English ab-stract).
Wu,C.R.,Du,C.Y.,2001.The distal turbidite fan of ShahejieFormation,Lower Paleogene in west depression,Liaohe ba-sin.Journal of Chengdu University of Technology,28(3):267-272(in Chinese with English abstract).
方爱民,李继亮,侯泉林,1998.浊流及相关重力流沉积研究综述.地质论评,44(3):270-280.
高延新,吴崇筠,庞增福,等,1985.辽河盆地大凌河油层湖底扇沉积特征.沉积学报,3(4):83-93.
贾承造,赵文智,邹才能,等,2004.岩性地层油气藏勘探研究的两项核心技术.石油勘探与开发,31(3):3-9.
蒋恕,王华,Weimer,P.,2008.深水沉积层序特点及构成要素.地球科学——中国地质大学学报,33(6):825-833.
刘招君,2003.湖泊水下扇沉积特征及影响因素——以伊通盆地莫里青断陷双阳组为例.沉积学报,21(1):148-154.
李虎山,吴云桐,吕义军,等,2003.牛庄地区沙三段远岸浊积扇发育与分布规律.油气地质与采收率,10(2):11-13.
李磊,王英民,张莲美,等,2008.尼日尔三角洲坡脚逆冲带沉积样式及构造控制.地球科学——中国地质大学学报,33(5):643-650.
刘长利,朱筱敏,胡有山,等,2011.地震沉积学在识别陆相湖泊浊积砂体中的应用.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),41(3):657-664.
蒙启安,纪友亮,2009.塔南凹陷白垩纪古地貌对沉积体系分布的控制作用.石油学报,30(6):843-855.
苗长盛,刘招君,方石,等,2011.塔南凹陷南屯组近岸水下扇沉积特征及有利含油相带分析.中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),35(1):34-39.
隋风贵,罗佳强,郝雪峰,等,2003.东营中央洼陷带缓坡远岸浊积扇体系序列及其含油气性.矿物岩石,23(3):76-81.
王延光,2002.储层地震反演方法以及应用中的关键问题和对策.石油物探,41(3):299-303.
王显东,贾承造,蒙启安,等,2011.塔南断陷陡坡带南屯组岩性油藏形成与分布的主控因素.石油学报,32(4):564-572.
韦东晓,田景春,倪新锋,2006.湖相浊积砂体沉积特征及油气勘探意义.油气地质与采收率,13(5):15-21.
吴崇筠,刘宝珺,王德发,等,1981.碎屑岩沉积相模式.石油学报,2(4):1-10.
吴崇筠,1986.湖盆砂体类型.沉积学报,4(4):1-24.
吴朝容,杜春彦,2001.辽河油田西部凹陷沙河街组远岸浊积扇.成都理工学院学报,28(3):267-272.
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