储层模型正演模拟及AVO特征研究
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摘要
为了在多波地震资料解释过程中解决多波信息识别难的问题,基于弹性波正演技术,针对某油田勘探区块的实际储层地质模型,采用高阶交错网格差分技术正演模拟非零偏炮集多波地震记录,并经多波资料处理,得到纵波和转换波CMP和CCP叠前含AVA的动校正道集及叠加剖面。在已知模型的AVA计算、模型层位参数与正演纵、横波波场关系的基础上,对比研究了正演记录中各储层的纵波和转换波对应关系。对比分析结果表明,数值模拟结果与AVA分析结果吻合,同一储层的纵波和转换波波场响应有明显差异。
In the process of accurate interpretation of multi-wave seismic data to solve the problem of multi-wave information recognition.Based on the techniques of elastic wave forwarding,aiming at the reservoir geological model of some oil field exploration area,we use the high-order staggered-grid difference technology to simulate many shots seismic records of the nonzero offset shot gathers,implement the multi-wave seismic data processing to acquire the CMP of P wave and converted wave,NMOtracegathersofCCPprestackincludingAVAinformation,andsuperpositionprofiles.BasedontheAVAcalculation of the model,the layer parameters of the model,and the forwarding wave fields relation of the P-S wave,we also compare,and researchthecorrespondingrelationbetweenthePwaveandtheconvertedwave.Theresultsofanalysisshowthatthesimulation results and AVO analysis results are consistent.The significant wave field differences of between P wave and converted wave in same reservoir are existed,which are helpful to recognize and interpret the multi-wave information in this area,and make use of the multi-wave data to provide the important guiding significance for the reservoir prediction.
In the process of accurate interpretation of multi-wave seismic data to solve the problem of multi-wave information recognition.Based on the techniques of elastic wave forwarding,aiming at the reservoir geological model of some oil field exploration area,we use the high-order staggered-grid difference technology to simulate many shots seismic records of the nonzero offset shot gathers,implement the multi-wave seismic data processing to acquire the CMP of P wave and converted wave,NMOtracegathersofCCPprestackincludingAVAinformation,andsuperpositionprofiles.BasedontheAVAcalculation of the model,the layer parameters of the model,and the forwarding wave fields relation of the P-S wave,we also compare,and researchthecorrespondingrelationbetweenthePwaveandtheconvertedwave.Theresultsofanalysisshowthatthesimulation results and AVO analysis results are consistent.The significant wave field differences of between P wave and converted wave in same reservoir are existed,which are helpful to recognize and interpret the multi-wave information in this area,and make use of the multi-wave data to provide the important guiding significance for the reservoir prediction.
引文
[1]牟永光,裴正林著.三维复杂介质地震数值模拟[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2005.
[2]裴正林.任意起伏地表弹性波方程交错网格高阶有限差分法数值模拟[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(6):629-634.Pei Zhenglin.Numerical modeling using staggered-gridhigh-order finite-difference of elastic wave equation onarbitrary relief surface[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2004,39(6):629-634.
[3]裴正林,夏吉庄,王慧.薄互层油藏模型井间地震弹性波方程正演模拟研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(1):112-118.Pei Zhenglin,Xia Jizhuang,Wang Hui.Study on forwardsimulation of cross-hole seismic elastic wave equation formodel of thin and alternating bed reservoir[J].Oil Geo-physical Prospecting,2009,44(1):112-118.
[4]狄帮让,裴正林,夏吉庄,等.薄互层油藏模型黏弹性波方程正演模拟研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(5):622-629.Di Bangrang,Pei Zhenglin,Xia Jizhuang,et al.For-ward simulation of viscoelastic wave equation in thin-interbedded reservoir model.Oil Geophysical Prospect-ing,2009,44(5):622-629.
[5]PitarkaA.3Delasticfinite-differencemodelingofseismicmotionusingstaggeredgridswithnon-uniformspacing[J].Bull.Seism.Soc.Am,1999,89(1),54-68.
[6]ShueyRT.A simplification of the Zoeppritz-equations[J].Geophysics,1985,50:609-614.
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[9]Hall S A,Kendall J M.Fracture characterization at Val-hall:Application of P-wave amplitude variation with off-set and azimuth(AVOA)analysis to a 3D ocean-bottomdata set[J].Geophysics,2003,68(4):1150-1160.
[10]Tao W P,Dong S H,Li Y.Forward modeling to improveseismic reflection energy of a protective coal seam basedon Zoppritz equation[J].Journal of China University ofMining and Technology,2008,18:46-49.
[11]Fan A P,Yang R C,Qiao F,et al.Application of fluidinclusions in the study of natural gas geology in OrdosBasin[J].JournalofChinaUniversityofMiningandTech-nology,2006,16(4):443-447.
[12]Etgen J,Gray S H,Zhang Y.An overview of depthimaging in exploration geophysics[J].Geophysics,2009,74(6):WCA5-WCA17.
[13]Fowler P J,Du X,Fletcher R P.Coupled equations forreverse time migration in transversely isotropic media[J].Geophysics,2010,75(1):S11-S22.
[14]PestanaRC,StoffaPL.Timeevolutionofthewaveequa-tion using rapid expansion method[J].Geophysics,2010,75(4):T121-T131.
[15]殷八斤,曾灏.AVO技术的理论与实践[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1995.
[2]裴正林.任意起伏地表弹性波方程交错网格高阶有限差分法数值模拟[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(6):629-634.Pei Zhenglin.Numerical modeling using staggered-gridhigh-order finite-difference of elastic wave equation onarbitrary relief surface[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2004,39(6):629-634.
[3]裴正林,夏吉庄,王慧.薄互层油藏模型井间地震弹性波方程正演模拟研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(1):112-118.Pei Zhenglin,Xia Jizhuang,Wang Hui.Study on forwardsimulation of cross-hole seismic elastic wave equation formodel of thin and alternating bed reservoir[J].Oil Geo-physical Prospecting,2009,44(1):112-118.
[4]狄帮让,裴正林,夏吉庄,等.薄互层油藏模型黏弹性波方程正演模拟研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(5):622-629.Di Bangrang,Pei Zhenglin,Xia Jizhuang,et al.For-ward simulation of viscoelastic wave equation in thin-interbedded reservoir model.Oil Geophysical Prospect-ing,2009,44(5):622-629.
[5]PitarkaA.3Delasticfinite-differencemodelingofseismicmotionusingstaggeredgridswithnon-uniformspacing[J].Bull.Seism.Soc.Am,1999,89(1),54-68.
[6]ShueyRT.A simplification of the Zoeppritz-equations[J].Geophysics,1985,50:609-614.
[7]Daley P F,Hron F.Reflection and transmission coeffi-cients of transversely isotropic media[J].Bull.Seis.Soc.Am.,1977,67:661-675.
[8]Fryer G I,Frazer L N.Seismic waves in stratified me-dia[J].Geophysics,1984,18:691-710.
[9]Hall S A,Kendall J M.Fracture characterization at Val-hall:Application of P-wave amplitude variation with off-set and azimuth(AVOA)analysis to a 3D ocean-bottomdata set[J].Geophysics,2003,68(4):1150-1160.
[10]Tao W P,Dong S H,Li Y.Forward modeling to improveseismic reflection energy of a protective coal seam basedon Zoppritz equation[J].Journal of China University ofMining and Technology,2008,18:46-49.
[11]Fan A P,Yang R C,Qiao F,et al.Application of fluidinclusions in the study of natural gas geology in OrdosBasin[J].JournalofChinaUniversityofMiningandTech-nology,2006,16(4):443-447.
[12]Etgen J,Gray S H,Zhang Y.An overview of depthimaging in exploration geophysics[J].Geophysics,2009,74(6):WCA5-WCA17.
[13]Fowler P J,Du X,Fletcher R P.Coupled equations forreverse time migration in transversely isotropic media[J].Geophysics,2010,75(1):S11-S22.
[14]PestanaRC,StoffaPL.Timeevolutionofthewaveequa-tion using rapid expansion method[J].Geophysics,2010,75(4):T121-T131.
[15]殷八斤,曾灏.AVO技术的理论与实践[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1995.
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