滨里海盆地M区块盐下构造变速成图
|
摘要
滨里海盆地M区块在二叠系发育巨厚盐岩层,盐丘与围岩速度的巨大差异造成地震时间剖面上盐下反射同相轴上拉,形成构造假象,给钻井部署带来很大困难。在分析了含盐盆地的速度特征和变速成图难点的基础上,首先对地震叠加速度谱异常进行编辑;然后利用相干反演法沿层求取层速度,并结合测井资料优化层速度场;最后采用图形偏移法进行时深转换和构造成图。采用上述变速成图方法形成的M区块构造图消除了盐丘速度的影响,反映了盐下构造的真实形态。
The Permian formation has developed giant thick salt domes in the Block M,Pre-Caspian basin.Because of the huge velocity difference between the salt domes and surrounding rocks,the sub-salt seismic events are pulled up in time sections and displays structure artifacts,which brings difficulty in well deployment.Based on analyzing the characteristics of the velocity and the difficulties in the variable-velocity mapping of saliferous basins,we firstly edited the anomalies in seismic stack velocity spectrum,then calculated the layer velocity through coherent inversion and optimized the velocity field combined with logging data.Finally,we carried out time-depth conversion and structure mapping by using map migration method.By using the above workflow,the structure map of Block M was obtained,and the impact of salt-dome velocity was removed,which displays the actual shape of sub-salt structure.
The Permian formation has developed giant thick salt domes in the Block M,Pre-Caspian basin.Because of the huge velocity difference between the salt domes and surrounding rocks,the sub-salt seismic events are pulled up in time sections and displays structure artifacts,which brings difficulty in well deployment.Based on analyzing the characteristics of the velocity and the difficulties in the variable-velocity mapping of saliferous basins,we firstly edited the anomalies in seismic stack velocity spectrum,then calculated the layer velocity through coherent inversion and optimized the velocity field combined with logging data.Finally,we carried out time-depth conversion and structure mapping by using map migration method.By using the above workflow,the structure map of Block M was obtained,and the impact of salt-dome velocity was removed,which displays the actual shape of sub-salt structure.
引文
[1]钱桂华.哈萨克斯坦滨里海盆地油气地质特征及勘探方向[J].中国石油勘探,2005,10(5):60-66Qian G H.Oil-gas geological feature and its explora-tion direction in marginal Caspian Basin,Kazakhstan[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2005,10(5):60-66
[2]张延庆,吴清龙,金玉洁,等.“层位控制法”速度场在巨厚盐丘覆盖区的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(2):212-215Zhang Y Q,Wu Q L,Jin Y J,et al.Application of“horizon-controlling”velocity field in significantthickness of salt-dome-covered area[J].Oil Geo-physical Prospecting,2007,42(2):212-215
[3]李永宏,Burlin Y K.滨里海盆地南部盐下大型油气田石油地质特征及形成条件[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(6):840-846Li Y H,Burlin Y K.Characteristics of petroleum ge-ology and formation conditions of large oil and gasfields below halite in southen Pre-Caspian basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2005,26(6):840-846
[4]王波,王雪梅.滨里海盆地盐下构造假象识别及真实形态恢复[J].中国石油勘探,2008,13(1):63-67Wang B,Wang X M.The sub-salt structure false ap-pearance identification and real shape restore in mar-ginal Caspian Basin[J].China Petroleum Explora-tion,2008,13(1):63-67
[5]陆基孟.地震勘探原理[M].山东东营:石油大学出版社,1990:209-220Lu J M.Principles of seismic exploration[M].Dongying:Petroleum University Press,1990:209-220
[6]王玉梅,李东波,马丽芳,等.速度异常分析与构造成图技术研究[J].石油物探,2003,42(1):102-106Wang Y M,Li D B,Ma L F,el al.Analysis of veloci-ty anomaly and structure mapping[J].GeophysicalProspecting for Petroleum,2003,42(1):102-106
[7]李明娟,李守济,牛滨华.地震速度谱在精细深度图制作中的应用[J].石油物探,2004,43(3):272-274Li M J,Li S J,Niu B H.The application of seismicvelocity spectrum in making depth map[J].Geo-physical Prospecting for Petroleum,2004,43(3):272-274
[8]温铁民,苏世龙,钱豫,等.盐下速度场异常问题分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(增刊):5-7Wen T M,Su S L,Qian Y,et al.Analysis of abnor-mal issue in sub-salt velocity field[J].Oil Geophysi-cal Prospecting,2007,42(S):5-7
[9]张保银,孙建国,黄传伟,等.塔中地区速度场建立及变速成图[J].石油物探,2004,43(6):608-611Zhang B Y,Sun J G,Huang C W,el al.The con-struction of the velocity field and the varying veloci-ty mapping in Tazhong area[J].Geophysical Pros-pecting for Petroleum,2004,43(6):608-611
[10]王兴军,满衣志,刘国昌,等.低幅度构造变速成图技术[J].石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(增刊1):69-72Wang X J,Man Y Z,Liu G C,el al.Velocity-varyingmapping technique for low-amplitude structure[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2008,43(S1):69-72
[11]王西文,高建虎,刘伟方,等.复杂地区地震勘探实践[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2010:30-35Wang X W,Gao J H,Liu W F,el al.Seismic explo-ration practice in complex area[M].Beijing:Petrole-um Industry Press,2010:30-35
[12]戴晓云.复杂构造区叠加速度分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(2):66-69Dai X Y.The stack velocity analysis in complex area[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2007,42(2):66-69
[13]马海珍,雍学善,杨午阳,等.地震速度场建立与变速构造成图的一种方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(1):53-59Ma H Z,Yong X S,Yang W Y,et al.A method forbuilding of seismic velocity field and structure map-ping by variation in velocity[J].Oil GeophysicalProspecting,2002,37(1):53-59
[14]许浚远,占王忠,刘丽华.基于“压力仓模型”外推深部地层层速度的模型[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(6):879-882Xu J Y,Zhan W Z,Liu L H.A conceptual model forextrapolating interval velocities of deep layers basedon the pressure compartment model[J].Oil&GasGeology,2010,31(6):879-882
[15]季玉新,王秀玲,李静,等.由等T0图进行变速空间校正绘制深度构造图的计算机实现方法[J].石油物探,2001,40(3):100-106Ji Y X,Wang X L,Li J,et al.The computer realiza-tion of depth contour mapping via velocity-variantspatial correction for T0contour[J].GeophysicalProspecting for Petroleum,2001,40(3):100-106
[16]战春光,王学军,张家震,等.应用变速成图技术解释富台油田砂砾岩体构造[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(5):75-76Zhan C G,Wang X G,Zhang J Z,et al.Interpretationof variable-speed imaging technique on the congluti-nates structure in Futai Oilfield[J].Petroleum Ex-ploration and Development,2003,30(5):75-76
[17]陈海清,戴晓云,潘良云,等.时间剖面上的假构造及其解决方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(5):590-602Chen H Q,Dai X Y,Pan L Y,el al.False structureson time domain seismic sections and correspondingresolutions[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2009,44(5):509-602
[18]温声明,杨德兴,王贵重,等.层速度替换建场法在高陡构造区的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(3):308-312Wen T M,Yang D X,Wang G Z,el al.Application ofinterval velocity replaced field building method inhigh steep structural region[J].Oil GeophysicalProspecting,2006,41(3):308-312
[19]Wyatt K D,Wyatt S B,Toew S K,et al.Building ve-locity-depth models for 3-D depth migration[J].The Leading Edge,1994,13(8):862-866
[20]Reshef M.The use of 3-D pre-stack depth imagingto estimate layer velocities and reflector positions[J].Geophysics,1997,62(1):206-120
[2]张延庆,吴清龙,金玉洁,等.“层位控制法”速度场在巨厚盐丘覆盖区的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(2):212-215Zhang Y Q,Wu Q L,Jin Y J,et al.Application of“horizon-controlling”velocity field in significantthickness of salt-dome-covered area[J].Oil Geo-physical Prospecting,2007,42(2):212-215
[3]李永宏,Burlin Y K.滨里海盆地南部盐下大型油气田石油地质特征及形成条件[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(6):840-846Li Y H,Burlin Y K.Characteristics of petroleum ge-ology and formation conditions of large oil and gasfields below halite in southen Pre-Caspian basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2005,26(6):840-846
[4]王波,王雪梅.滨里海盆地盐下构造假象识别及真实形态恢复[J].中国石油勘探,2008,13(1):63-67Wang B,Wang X M.The sub-salt structure false ap-pearance identification and real shape restore in mar-ginal Caspian Basin[J].China Petroleum Explora-tion,2008,13(1):63-67
[5]陆基孟.地震勘探原理[M].山东东营:石油大学出版社,1990:209-220Lu J M.Principles of seismic exploration[M].Dongying:Petroleum University Press,1990:209-220
[6]王玉梅,李东波,马丽芳,等.速度异常分析与构造成图技术研究[J].石油物探,2003,42(1):102-106Wang Y M,Li D B,Ma L F,el al.Analysis of veloci-ty anomaly and structure mapping[J].GeophysicalProspecting for Petroleum,2003,42(1):102-106
[7]李明娟,李守济,牛滨华.地震速度谱在精细深度图制作中的应用[J].石油物探,2004,43(3):272-274Li M J,Li S J,Niu B H.The application of seismicvelocity spectrum in making depth map[J].Geo-physical Prospecting for Petroleum,2004,43(3):272-274
[8]温铁民,苏世龙,钱豫,等.盐下速度场异常问题分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(增刊):5-7Wen T M,Su S L,Qian Y,et al.Analysis of abnor-mal issue in sub-salt velocity field[J].Oil Geophysi-cal Prospecting,2007,42(S):5-7
[9]张保银,孙建国,黄传伟,等.塔中地区速度场建立及变速成图[J].石油物探,2004,43(6):608-611Zhang B Y,Sun J G,Huang C W,el al.The con-struction of the velocity field and the varying veloci-ty mapping in Tazhong area[J].Geophysical Pros-pecting for Petroleum,2004,43(6):608-611
[10]王兴军,满衣志,刘国昌,等.低幅度构造变速成图技术[J].石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(增刊1):69-72Wang X J,Man Y Z,Liu G C,el al.Velocity-varyingmapping technique for low-amplitude structure[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2008,43(S1):69-72
[11]王西文,高建虎,刘伟方,等.复杂地区地震勘探实践[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2010:30-35Wang X W,Gao J H,Liu W F,el al.Seismic explo-ration practice in complex area[M].Beijing:Petrole-um Industry Press,2010:30-35
[12]戴晓云.复杂构造区叠加速度分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(2):66-69Dai X Y.The stack velocity analysis in complex area[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2007,42(2):66-69
[13]马海珍,雍学善,杨午阳,等.地震速度场建立与变速构造成图的一种方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(1):53-59Ma H Z,Yong X S,Yang W Y,et al.A method forbuilding of seismic velocity field and structure map-ping by variation in velocity[J].Oil GeophysicalProspecting,2002,37(1):53-59
[14]许浚远,占王忠,刘丽华.基于“压力仓模型”外推深部地层层速度的模型[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(6):879-882Xu J Y,Zhan W Z,Liu L H.A conceptual model forextrapolating interval velocities of deep layers basedon the pressure compartment model[J].Oil&GasGeology,2010,31(6):879-882
[15]季玉新,王秀玲,李静,等.由等T0图进行变速空间校正绘制深度构造图的计算机实现方法[J].石油物探,2001,40(3):100-106Ji Y X,Wang X L,Li J,et al.The computer realiza-tion of depth contour mapping via velocity-variantspatial correction for T0contour[J].GeophysicalProspecting for Petroleum,2001,40(3):100-106
[16]战春光,王学军,张家震,等.应用变速成图技术解释富台油田砂砾岩体构造[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(5):75-76Zhan C G,Wang X G,Zhang J Z,et al.Interpretationof variable-speed imaging technique on the congluti-nates structure in Futai Oilfield[J].Petroleum Ex-ploration and Development,2003,30(5):75-76
[17]陈海清,戴晓云,潘良云,等.时间剖面上的假构造及其解决方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(5):590-602Chen H Q,Dai X Y,Pan L Y,el al.False structureson time domain seismic sections and correspondingresolutions[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2009,44(5):509-602
[18]温声明,杨德兴,王贵重,等.层速度替换建场法在高陡构造区的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(3):308-312Wen T M,Yang D X,Wang G Z,el al.Application ofinterval velocity replaced field building method inhigh steep structural region[J].Oil GeophysicalProspecting,2006,41(3):308-312
[19]Wyatt K D,Wyatt S B,Toew S K,et al.Building ve-locity-depth models for 3-D depth migration[J].The Leading Edge,1994,13(8):862-866
[20]Reshef M.The use of 3-D pre-stack depth imagingto estimate layer velocities and reflector positions[J].Geophysics,1997,62(1):206-120
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心