华北地区热均衡、重力均衡与深部构造
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摘要
本文基于最新的全球重力场模型TopexV18.1数据,在区域背景尺度下,计算了华北地区的区域布格重力异常,并反演了Moho而分布特征;在此基础上结合区域地热流测量数据,讨论重力均衡和热均衡调整过程对现今地形的影响:最后,结合已有的速度结构模型和岩石圈热参数,对10个次级块体单元的热均衡特点开展了综合对比研究.研究结果表明:华北地区构造块体单元之间由于克拉通底部受到不同程发的破坏,不仅深部构造特征差异性明显,而且其构造热均衡特点也不尽相同.根据平均地震波速去掉重力均衡作用后恢复的高程-热流关系表明,均衡作用对于现今地形的改造作用十分显著,但根据该方法对燕山隆起和冀中坳陷两个块体的恢复效果不明显.
In this paper,based on the up to date global free-air gravity anomaly dataset (TopexV18.1),we computed the Bouguer gravity anomaly of north China area and studied its Moho structure.Moreover,using the regional heat flow dataset.we discussed the gravity and thermal effect in the isostasy mechanism on the present topography.Finally,combined with existing velocity model and thermal parameters of lithosphere,we carried out thermal isostasy contrast studies for 10 secondary block units.The results are important for understanding the deep structure and regional isostasy pattern in north China.The results show that there are distinct differences both in the deep structures and thermal isostasy characteristics because of the various destruction of the bottom of north China craton.The recovery relationship of topography and heat flow after deducting the gravity effect from the average seismic wave velocity indicates that there is very remarkable effect for the present topography.But the effect is not obvious in the Yanshan uplifted zone and Jizhong depressions block.
In this paper,based on the up to date global free-air gravity anomaly dataset (TopexV18.1),we computed the Bouguer gravity anomaly of north China area and studied its Moho structure.Moreover,using the regional heat flow dataset.we discussed the gravity and thermal effect in the isostasy mechanism on the present topography.Finally,combined with existing velocity model and thermal parameters of lithosphere,we carried out thermal isostasy contrast studies for 10 secondary block units.The results are important for understanding the deep structure and regional isostasy pattern in north China.The results show that there are distinct differences both in the deep structures and thermal isostasy characteristics because of the various destruction of the bottom of north China craton.The recovery relationship of topography and heat flow after deducting the gravity effect from the average seismic wave velocity indicates that there is very remarkable effect for the present topography.But the effect is not obvious in the Yanshan uplifted zone and Jizhong depressions block.
引文
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[14]段永红,张先康,方盛明.华北地区上部地壳结构的三维有限差分层析成像.地球物理学报,2002,45(3):362-369 Duan Y H,Zhang X K,Fang S M.Three-dimensional finite difference tomography of velocity structure of the upper crustal in north China.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese), 2002,45(3):362—369
[15]王椿镛,张先康,吴庆举等.华北盆地滑脱构造的地震学证据.地球物理学报,1994,37(5):613-620 Wang C Y,Zhang X K,Wu Q J,et al.Seismic evidence of detachment in north China basin.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1994,37(5):613-620
[16]韩竹军,徐杰,冉勇康等.华北地区活动地块与强震活动.中国科学(D辑),2003,33(Suppl.):153-167 Han Z J,Xu J,Ran Y K,et al.Active blocks and strong seismic activity in North China region.Science in China (Series D)(in Chinese),2003,46(Suppl.):153-167
[17]Sandwell D T,Smith W H F.Marine gravity anomaly from Geosat and ERS 1 satellite altimetry.Journal of Geophysical ??Research,1997,102(B5):10039-10054
[18]Sandwell D T,Smith W H F.Global sea floor topography from satellite altimetry and ship depth soundings.Science, 1997,277(5334):1956-1962
[19]邓起东,张培震,冉勇康等.中国活动构造基本特征.中国科学(D辑),2002,32(12):1020-1030 Deng Q D,Zhang P Z,Ran Y K,et al.Basic feature of China active structures.Science in China(Series D)(in Chinese),2002,32(12):1020-1030
[20]蒋福珍.华北地区重力场变化与构造运动的关系.地壳形变与地震,1998,18(1):38-45 Jang F Z.Primary study on the variation of gravity field of northern China and its relationship with tectonic movements. Crustal Deformation and Earthquake(in Chinese),1998,18 (1):38-45
[21]方盛明,冯锐,田长征等.亚洲中部地区均衡重力异常特征及地震活动性.地震学报,1997,19(6):650-654 Fang S M,Feng R,Tian C Z,et al.Features of isostatic gravity anomaly and seismic activity in the Central Asian region.Acta Seismologica Sinica(in Chinese),1997,19 (6):650-654
[22]方盛明,冯锐,谢志诚等.亚洲中部地区岩石圈均衡补偿深度和弹性板模型反演结果分析.地球物理学报,1999,42 (增1):115-122 Fang S M,Feng R,Xie Z C,et al.Equilibrium compensation depth and inversion analyses for elastic slab model of the lithosphere in the central Asian region.Chinese J.Geophys. (in Chinese),1999,42(S1),115-122
[23]方盛明,冯锐,李长法等.亚洲中部地区地幔上部密度非均匀性研究.科学通报,1997,42(6):633-637 Fang S M,Feng R,Li C F,et al.Density inhomogeneity in upper mantle Central Asian Region.Chinese Science Bulletin (in Chinese),1997,42(6):633-637
[24]殷秀华,史志宏,刘占坡等.华北北部均衡重力异常的初步研究.地震地质,1982,4(4):27-34 Yin X H,Shi Z H,Liu Z P,et al.Preliminary study on the isostatic gravitational anomaly in the north of northern China.Seismology and Geology(in Chinese),1982,4(4): 27-34
[25]陈石,王谦身,祝意青等.青藏高原东缘重力导纳模型均衡异常时空特征.地球物理学报,2011,54(1):22-34 Chen S,Wang Q S,Zhu Y Q,et al.Temporal and spatial features of isostasy anomaly using gravitational admittance model at eastern margin of Tibetan Plateau.Chinese J. Geophys.(in Chinese),2011,54(1):22-34
[26]冯锐,王均,郑书真等.论华北地区的均衡状态(一)——方法和局部补偿.地震学报,1987,9(4):406- 416 Feng R,Wang J,Zheng S Z,et al.Isostatic status in North China(1)—Method and local compensation.Acta Seismologica Sinica(in Chinese),1987,9(4):406-416
[27]冯锐,张若水,郑书真等.论华北地区的均衡状态(二)——复合补偿与深部构造.地震学报,1988,10(4): 385-395 Feng R,Zhang R S,Zheng S Z,et al.Isostatic status in North China(2)—Composite compensation and deep structure. Acta Seismologica Sinica(in Chinese),1988,10(4):385-395
[28]冯锐,郑书真.对华北岩石圈构造的综合研究.科学通报, 1987,(22):1724-1727 Feng R,Zheng S Z.Integrated study of continental lithosphere structure in North China.Chinese Science Bulletin(in Chinese),1987,(22):1724-1727
[29]何丽娟.岩石圈流变性对拉张盆地构造热演化历史的影响.地球物理学报,2002,45(1):49-55 He L J.Effects of lithospheric rheology on thermalmechanical modeling of extensional basins.Chinese J.Geophys. (in Chinese),2002,45(1):49-55
[30]Hasterok1 D,Chapman D S.Continental thermal isostasy: 1.Methods and sensitivity.Journal of Geophysical Research, 2007,112:B06414
[31]Hasterok1 D,Chapman D S.Continental thermal isostasy: 2.Application to North America.Journal of Geophysical Research,2007,112:B06415
[32]Chen S,Zhang J,Shi Y L.Gravity inversion using the frequency characteristics of the density distribution.Applied Geophysics,2008,5(2):99-106
[33]Hofmeister A M.Mantle values of thermal conductivity and the geotherm from phonon lifetimes.Science,1999,283 (5408):1699-1709
[34]Xu Y,Shankland T J,Linhardt S,et al.Thermal diffusivity and conductivity of olivine,wadsleyite and ringwoodite to 20 GPa and 1373 K.Phys.Earth Planet.Inter.,2004,143- 144:321-336
[35]McKenzie D,Jackson J,Priestley K.Thermal structure of oceanic and continental lithosphere.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2005,233(3-4):337-349
[36]Christensen N I,Mooney W D.Seismic velocity structure and composition of the continental crust:a global view.J. Geophys.Res.,1995,100(B6):9761-9788
[37]臧绍先,刘永刚,宁杰远.华北地区岩石圈热结构的研究.地球物理学报,2002,45(1):56-66 Zang S X,Liu Y G,Ning J Y.Thermal structure of the lithosphere in north China.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese), 2002,45(1):56-66
[2]黄立人,杨国华,王敏.用速度场得到的华北地区活动块体及变形.地震学报,2003,25(1):72-81 Huang I- R,Yang G H,Wang M.References active blocks and their deformations derived from the velocity field in north China.Acta Seismologica Sinica(in Chinese),2003,25(1): 72-81
[3]沈正康,王敏,甘卫军等.中国大陆现今构造应变率场及其动力学成因研究.地学前缘,2003,10(Suppl.):93-100 Shen Z K,Wang M,Gan W J,et al.Contemporary tectonic strain rate field of Chinese continent and its geodynamic implications.Earth Science Frontiers(in Chinese),2003,10 (Suppl.):93-100
[4]江在森,张希,陈兵等.华北地区近期地壳水平运动与应力应变场特征.地球物理学报,2000,43(5):657-665 Jiang Z S,Zhang X,Chen B,et al.Characteristics of recent horizontal movement and stain-stress field in the curst of north China.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2000,43 (5):657-665
[5]马杏垣,刘和甫,王维襄等.中国东部中、新生代裂陷作用和伸展构造.地质学报,1983,57(1):22-32 Ma X Y,Liu H P,Wang W X,et al.Meso-Cenozoic taphrogeny and extensional tectonics in eastern China.Acta Geologica Sinica(in Chinese),1983,57(1):22-32
[6]嘉世旭,张先康,方盛明.华北裂陷盆地不同块体地壳结构及演化研究.地学前缘,2001,8(2):259-266 Jia S X,Zhang X K,Fang S M.Research on the crustal structure and evolution of different blocks in north China riftdepression basin.Earth Science Frontiers(in Chinese), 2001,8(2):259-266
[7]马杏垣.重力作用与构造运动.北京:地震出版社,1989 Ma X Y.Gravity Effects and Tectonic Movement.Beijing: Seismology Press,1989
[8]Zeyen H,Dererova J,Bielik M.Determination of the continental lithospheric thermal structure in the Western Carpathians:integrated modelling of surface heat flow, gravity anomalies and topography.Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors,2002,134(1-2):89-104
[9]汪集旸,黄少鹏.中国大陆地区大地热流数据汇编.地质科学,1988,(2):196-204 Wang J Y,Huang S P.Compilation of heat flow data for continental area of China.Chinese Journal of Geology(in Chinese),1988,(2):196-204
[10]汪集旸,黄少鹏.中国大陆地区大地热流数据汇编(第二版).地震地质,1990,12(4):351-366 Wang J Y,Huang S P.Compilation of heat flow data in the China continental area(2nd Edition).Seismology and Geology(in Chinese),1990,12(4):351-366
[11]胡圣标,何丽娟,汪集旸.中国大陆地区大地热流数据汇编(第三版).地球物理学报,2001,44(5):611-626 Hu S B,He L J,Wang J Y.Compilation of heat flow data in the China continental area(3~(rd) edition).Chinese J.Geophys. (in Chinese),2001,44(5):611-626
[12]张文佑,张抗,赵永贵等.华北断块区中、新生代地质构造特征及岩石圈动力学模型.地质学报,1983,57(1)33-41 Zhang W Y,Zhang K,Zhao Y G,et al.The Mesozoic and Cenozoic geotectonic characteristics and dynamical model of the lithosphere in North China fault block region.Acta Geologica Sinica(in Chinese),1983,57(1):33-41
[13]嘉世旭,张先康.华北不同构造块体地壳结构及其对比研究.地球物理学报,2005,48(3):611-620 Jia S X,Zhang X K.Crustal structure and comparison of different tectonic blocks in North China.Chinese J. Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(3):611-620
[14]段永红,张先康,方盛明.华北地区上部地壳结构的三维有限差分层析成像.地球物理学报,2002,45(3):362-369 Duan Y H,Zhang X K,Fang S M.Three-dimensional finite difference tomography of velocity structure of the upper crustal in north China.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese), 2002,45(3):362—369
[15]王椿镛,张先康,吴庆举等.华北盆地滑脱构造的地震学证据.地球物理学报,1994,37(5):613-620 Wang C Y,Zhang X K,Wu Q J,et al.Seismic evidence of detachment in north China basin.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1994,37(5):613-620
[16]韩竹军,徐杰,冉勇康等.华北地区活动地块与强震活动.中国科学(D辑),2003,33(Suppl.):153-167 Han Z J,Xu J,Ran Y K,et al.Active blocks and strong seismic activity in North China region.Science in China (Series D)(in Chinese),2003,46(Suppl.):153-167
[17]Sandwell D T,Smith W H F.Marine gravity anomaly from Geosat and ERS 1 satellite altimetry.Journal of Geophysical ??Research,1997,102(B5):10039-10054
[18]Sandwell D T,Smith W H F.Global sea floor topography from satellite altimetry and ship depth soundings.Science, 1997,277(5334):1956-1962
[19]邓起东,张培震,冉勇康等.中国活动构造基本特征.中国科学(D辑),2002,32(12):1020-1030 Deng Q D,Zhang P Z,Ran Y K,et al.Basic feature of China active structures.Science in China(Series D)(in Chinese),2002,32(12):1020-1030
[20]蒋福珍.华北地区重力场变化与构造运动的关系.地壳形变与地震,1998,18(1):38-45 Jang F Z.Primary study on the variation of gravity field of northern China and its relationship with tectonic movements. Crustal Deformation and Earthquake(in Chinese),1998,18 (1):38-45
[21]方盛明,冯锐,田长征等.亚洲中部地区均衡重力异常特征及地震活动性.地震学报,1997,19(6):650-654 Fang S M,Feng R,Tian C Z,et al.Features of isostatic gravity anomaly and seismic activity in the Central Asian region.Acta Seismologica Sinica(in Chinese),1997,19 (6):650-654
[22]方盛明,冯锐,谢志诚等.亚洲中部地区岩石圈均衡补偿深度和弹性板模型反演结果分析.地球物理学报,1999,42 (增1):115-122 Fang S M,Feng R,Xie Z C,et al.Equilibrium compensation depth and inversion analyses for elastic slab model of the lithosphere in the central Asian region.Chinese J.Geophys. (in Chinese),1999,42(S1),115-122
[23]方盛明,冯锐,李长法等.亚洲中部地区地幔上部密度非均匀性研究.科学通报,1997,42(6):633-637 Fang S M,Feng R,Li C F,et al.Density inhomogeneity in upper mantle Central Asian Region.Chinese Science Bulletin (in Chinese),1997,42(6):633-637
[24]殷秀华,史志宏,刘占坡等.华北北部均衡重力异常的初步研究.地震地质,1982,4(4):27-34 Yin X H,Shi Z H,Liu Z P,et al.Preliminary study on the isostatic gravitational anomaly in the north of northern China.Seismology and Geology(in Chinese),1982,4(4): 27-34
[25]陈石,王谦身,祝意青等.青藏高原东缘重力导纳模型均衡异常时空特征.地球物理学报,2011,54(1):22-34 Chen S,Wang Q S,Zhu Y Q,et al.Temporal and spatial features of isostasy anomaly using gravitational admittance model at eastern margin of Tibetan Plateau.Chinese J. Geophys.(in Chinese),2011,54(1):22-34
[26]冯锐,王均,郑书真等.论华北地区的均衡状态(一)——方法和局部补偿.地震学报,1987,9(4):406- 416 Feng R,Wang J,Zheng S Z,et al.Isostatic status in North China(1)—Method and local compensation.Acta Seismologica Sinica(in Chinese),1987,9(4):406-416
[27]冯锐,张若水,郑书真等.论华北地区的均衡状态(二)——复合补偿与深部构造.地震学报,1988,10(4): 385-395 Feng R,Zhang R S,Zheng S Z,et al.Isostatic status in North China(2)—Composite compensation and deep structure. Acta Seismologica Sinica(in Chinese),1988,10(4):385-395
[28]冯锐,郑书真.对华北岩石圈构造的综合研究.科学通报, 1987,(22):1724-1727 Feng R,Zheng S Z.Integrated study of continental lithosphere structure in North China.Chinese Science Bulletin(in Chinese),1987,(22):1724-1727
[29]何丽娟.岩石圈流变性对拉张盆地构造热演化历史的影响.地球物理学报,2002,45(1):49-55 He L J.Effects of lithospheric rheology on thermalmechanical modeling of extensional basins.Chinese J.Geophys. (in Chinese),2002,45(1):49-55
[30]Hasterok1 D,Chapman D S.Continental thermal isostasy: 1.Methods and sensitivity.Journal of Geophysical Research, 2007,112:B06414
[31]Hasterok1 D,Chapman D S.Continental thermal isostasy: 2.Application to North America.Journal of Geophysical Research,2007,112:B06415
[32]Chen S,Zhang J,Shi Y L.Gravity inversion using the frequency characteristics of the density distribution.Applied Geophysics,2008,5(2):99-106
[33]Hofmeister A M.Mantle values of thermal conductivity and the geotherm from phonon lifetimes.Science,1999,283 (5408):1699-1709
[34]Xu Y,Shankland T J,Linhardt S,et al.Thermal diffusivity and conductivity of olivine,wadsleyite and ringwoodite to 20 GPa and 1373 K.Phys.Earth Planet.Inter.,2004,143- 144:321-336
[35]McKenzie D,Jackson J,Priestley K.Thermal structure of oceanic and continental lithosphere.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2005,233(3-4):337-349
[36]Christensen N I,Mooney W D.Seismic velocity structure and composition of the continental crust:a global view.J. Geophys.Res.,1995,100(B6):9761-9788
[37]臧绍先,刘永刚,宁杰远.华北地区岩石圈热结构的研究.地球物理学报,2002,45(1):56-66 Zang S X,Liu Y G,Ning J Y.Thermal structure of the lithosphere in north China.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese), 2002,45(1):56-66
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